CVE-2026-31401

HIGHNVD 7.87.8
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

Score 7.8 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: HIGH) published 2026-04-03. NVD baseline CVSS 7.8; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3
Trending — 3 sources updated this week

Also known asEUVD-2026-18784 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-whg2-hqg5-6ph3 (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

7.8EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.1%CVSS: 7.8Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

HID: bpf: prevent buffer overflow in hid_hw_request

right now the returned value is considered to be always valid. However, when playing with HID-BPF, the return value can be arbitrary big, because it's the return value of dispatch_hid_bpf_raw_requests(), which calls the struct_ops and we have no guarantees that the value makes sense.

CVSS v3
7.8
EG Score
7.8HIGHmedium confidence
EG Risk
35
EG Risk 35/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity78% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 7.8 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation0.1% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
EPSS PROB
0.1%
EPSS %ILE
2nd
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (7.8): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 7.8 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
7.8 HIGHCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
0.1% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-27). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

April 3, 2026

Last Modified

October 19, 2026

Advisory Details (4)

Auto-updated May 20, 2026
Patch available.
Web page

HID: bpf: prevent buffer overflow in hid_hw_request - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/eb57dae20fdf6f3069cdc07821fa3bb46de381d7
Web page

HID: bpf: prevent buffer overflow in hid_hw_request - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d6efaa50af62fb0790dd1fd4e7e5506b46312510
Web page

HID: bpf: prevent buffer overflow in hid_hw_request - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/73c5b5aea1c443239c8cb4191b4af7a4bd6fd7b1
Web page

HID: bpf: prevent buffer overflow in hid_hw_request - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2b658c1c442ec1cd9eec5ead98d68662c40fe645

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-31401(1)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Patch Availability(1)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
linuxKernel @ 6.12.78 (fixes >=6.11.0)—osv

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(2 across 2 ecosystems)
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux6.12.38-1 ... 6.12.85-1~bpo12+1 (17 versions)
  • every version up to 6.12.85-1: fixed in 6.12.85-1
—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux6.12.100-1 ... 6.19~rc8-1~exp1 (123 versions)
  • every version up to 6.19.10-1: fixed in 6.19.10-1
—

Weakness Classification(2)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 10× in last 7d / 43× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 95 of 242 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 5 repeat rows among the latest 100 are merged into the row they repeat. The 147 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-10-29 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  2. 2026-10-28 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  3. 2026-10-27 19:06 UTCEG score recompute
  4. 2026-10-27 19:06 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whg2-hqg5-6ph3 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  5. 2026-10-27 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  6. 2026-10-26 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  7. 2026-10-25 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  8. 2026-10-25 14:36 UTCEG score recompute
  9. 2026-10-24 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  10. 2026-10-23 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  11. 2026-10-22 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  12. 2026-10-21 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  13. 2026-10-20 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  14. 2026-10-19 19:34 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whg2-hqg5-6ph3 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  15. 2026-10-19 18:49 UTCEG score recompute
  16. 2026-10-19 18:48 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whg2-hqg5-6ph3 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  17. 2026-10-19 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  18. 2026-10-18 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  19. 2026-10-18 03:48 UTCEG score recompute
  20. 2026-10-17 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  21. 2026-10-16 16:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  22. 2026-10-16 15:21 UTCEG score recompute
  23. 2026-10-16 15:20 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whg2-hqg5-6ph3 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  24. 2026-10-15 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  25. 2026-10-14 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
Show 70 more
  1. 2026-10-13 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  2. 2026-10-12 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  3. 2026-10-12 16:15 UTCEG score recompute
  4. 2026-10-11 19:57 UTCEG score recompute
  5. 2026-10-11 17:11 UTCEG score recompute
  6. 2026-10-11 14:39 UTCEG score recompute
  7. 2026-10-11 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  8. 2026-10-11 02:31 UTCOSV refresh
  9. 2026-10-10 20:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  10. 2026-10-09 20:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  11. 2026-10-08 17:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  12. 2026-10-07 23:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  13. 2026-10-06 15:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  14. 2026-10-05 17:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  15. 2026-10-04 23:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  16. 2026-10-03 14:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  17. 2026-10-01 19:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  18. 2026-09-30 15:03 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  19. 2026-09-28 13:51 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  20. 2026-09-26 15:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  21. 2026-09-26 00:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  22. 2026-09-21 13:49 UTCOSV refresh
  23. 2026-09-20 20:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  24. 2026-09-18 19:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  25. 2026-09-17 19:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  26. 2026-09-16 14:08 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  27. 2026-09-16 05:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  28. 2026-09-13 16:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  29. 2026-09-12 15:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  30. 2026-09-11 14:52 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  31. 2026-09-10 09:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  32. 2026-09-08 22:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  33. 2026-09-07 16:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  34. 2026-09-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  35. 2026-09-04 05:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  36. 2026-09-02 14:11 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  37. 2026-09-02 11:14 UTCOSV refresh
  38. 2026-09-01 13:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  39. 2026-09-01 04:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  40. 2026-08-30 19:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  41. 2026-08-30 01:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  42. 2026-08-28 21:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  43. 2026-08-27 14:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  44. 2026-08-26 14:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  45. 2026-08-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  46. 2026-08-24 14:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  47. 2026-08-23 00:19 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  48. 2026-08-21 23:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  49. 2026-08-20 22:55 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  50. 2026-08-19 17:03 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  51. 2026-08-18 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  52. 2026-08-17 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  53. 2026-08-16 14:56 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  54. 2026-08-16 09:16 UTCEG score recompute
  55. 2026-08-16 09:16 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whg2-hqg5-6ph3 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  56. 2026-08-16 02:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  57. 2026-08-15 01:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  58. 2026-08-14 18:51 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whg2-hqg5-6ph3 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  59. 2026-08-14 05:42 UTCEG score recompute
  60. 2026-08-14 05:42 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whg2-hqg5-6ph3 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  61. 2026-08-13 22:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  62. 2026-08-13 09:55 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whg2-hqg5-6ph3 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  63. 2026-08-12 19:58 UTCEG score recompute
  64. 2026-08-12 19:58 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whg2-hqg5-6ph3 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  65. 2026-08-12 13:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  66. 2026-08-11 20:17 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whg2-hqg5-6ph3 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  67. 2026-08-11 03:26 UTCEG score recompute
  68. 2026-08-11 03:26 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whg2-hqg5-6ph3 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  69. 2026-08-11 00:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  70. 2026-08-10 06:10 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whg2-hqg5-6ph3 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-31401?
CVE-2026-31401 is a high-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on April 3, 2026. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: HID: bpf: prevent buffer overflow in hidhwrequest right now the returned value is considered to be always valid. However, when playing with HID-BPF, the return value can be arbitrary big, because it's the return value of…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2026-31401 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2026-31401 was published on April 3, 2026. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of October 19, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2026-31401 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-31401 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.1% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (2nd percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-31401?
CVE-2026-31401 has a CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-31401?
A fix for CVE-2026-31401 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2026-31401 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

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