CVE-2026-28978

HIGHNVD 8.88.8
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

Score 8.8 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: HIGH) published 2026-05-11. NVD baseline CVSS 8.8; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3
Trending — 3 sources updated this week

Also known asEUVD-2026-29277 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-q2h4-qm5p-28rc (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

8.8EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.1%CVSS: 8.8Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

The CVE record names the fixed release — apply it.

A permissions issue was addressed with additional restrictions. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.7.7, macOS Sonoma 14.8.7, macOS Tahoe 26.5. A malicious app may be able to break out of its sandbox.

CVSS v3
8.8
EG Score
8.8HIGHmedium confidence
EG Risk
40
EG Risk 40/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity88% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 8.8 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation0.1% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: The CVE record names the fixed release. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
EPSS PROB
0.1%
EPSS %ILE
3rd
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (8.8): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 8.8 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
8.8 HIGHCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
0.1% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-26). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).

The CVE record names the fixed release. Apply it within your standard update timelines.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

May 11, 2026

Last Modified

October 26, 2026

Advisory Details (3)

Auto-updated May 20, 2026
Fix named in the CVE record.
Web page

About the security content of macOS Sonoma 14.8.7 - Apple Support

https://support.apple.com/en-us/127117
Web page

About the security content of macOS Sequoia 15.7.7 - Apple Support

https://support.apple.com/en-us/127116
Web page

About the security content of macOS Tahoe 26.5 - Apple Support

https://support.apple.com/en-us/127115

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-28978(1)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 12× in last 7d / 41× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 96 of 275 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 4 repeat rows among the latest 100 are merged into the row they repeat. The 179 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-10-29 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  2. 2026-10-28 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  3. 2026-10-27 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  4. 2026-10-26 18:33 UTCEG score recompute
  5. 2026-10-26 18:33 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-q2h4-qm5p-28rc · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  6. 2026-10-26 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  7. 2026-10-25 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  8. 2026-10-25 14:37 UTCEG score recompute
  9. 2026-10-24 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 4th percentile
  10. 2026-10-24 04:13 UTCEG score recompute
  11. 2026-10-24 04:12 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-q2h4-qm5p-28rc
  12. 2026-10-23 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 4th percentile
  13. 2026-10-22 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 4th percentile
  14. 2026-10-21 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 4th percentile
  15. 2026-10-20 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 4th percentile
  16. 2026-10-19 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 4th percentile
  17. 2026-10-18 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 4th percentile
  18. 2026-10-18 03:50 UTCEG score recompute
  19. 2026-10-17 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 4th percentile
  20. 2026-10-17 16:11 UTCEG score recompute
  21. 2026-10-17 16:11 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-q2h4-qm5p-28rc
  22. 2026-10-16 16:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 4th percentile
  23. 2026-10-15 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 4th percentile
  24. 2026-10-14 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 4th percentile
  25. 2026-10-13 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 4th percentile
Show 71 more
  1. 2026-10-12 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 4th percentile
  2. 2026-10-12 16:16 UTCEG score recompute
  3. 2026-10-11 19:58 UTCEG score recompute
  4. 2026-10-11 17:12 UTCEG score recompute
  5. 2026-10-11 14:41 UTCEG score recompute
  6. 2026-10-11 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 4th percentile
  7. 2026-10-10 20:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 4th percentile
  8. 2026-10-09 20:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 4th percentile
  9. 2026-10-08 17:11 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 3rd percentile
  10. 2026-10-07 23:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 3rd percentile
  11. 2026-10-06 15:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 3rd percentile
  12. 2026-10-05 17:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 3rd percentile
  13. 2026-10-04 23:21 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 3rd percentile
  14. 2026-10-03 14:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 3rd percentile
  15. 2026-10-01 19:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 3rd percentile
  16. 2026-09-30 15:03 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 3rd percentile
  17. 2026-09-28 13:51 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 3rd percentile
  18. 2026-09-26 15:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 3rd percentile
  19. 2026-09-26 00:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 3rd percentile
  20. 2026-09-20 20:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  21. 2026-09-17 19:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  22. 2026-09-16 14:08 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  23. 2026-09-16 05:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  24. 2026-09-13 16:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  25. 2026-09-12 15:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  26. 2026-09-10 09:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  27. 2026-09-08 22:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  28. 2026-09-07 16:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  29. 2026-09-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  30. 2026-09-04 05:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  31. 2026-09-02 14:11 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  32. 2026-09-01 13:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  33. 2026-09-01 04:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  34. 2026-08-30 19:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  35. 2026-08-30 01:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  36. 2026-08-28 21:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  37. 2026-08-27 14:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  38. 2026-08-26 14:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  39. 2026-08-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  40. 2026-08-24 14:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  41. 2026-08-23 18:34 UTCEG score recompute
  42. 2026-08-23 18:34 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-q2h4-qm5p-28rc
  43. 2026-08-23 00:19 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  44. 2026-08-21 23:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  45. 2026-08-20 22:55 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  46. 2026-08-19 17:03 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  47. 2026-08-18 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  48. 2026-08-17 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  49. 2026-08-17 11:01 UTCEG score recompute
  50. 2026-08-17 11:01 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-q2h4-qm5p-28rc
  51. 2026-08-16 14:56 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  52. 2026-08-16 04:22 UTCEG score recompute
  53. 2026-08-16 04:22 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-q2h4-qm5p-28rc
  54. 2026-08-16 02:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  55. 2026-08-15 01:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  56. 2026-08-15 00:40 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-q2h4-qm5p-28rc
  57. 2026-08-14 13:46 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-q2h4-qm5p-28rc
  58. 2026-08-14 02:54 UTCEG score recompute
  59. 2026-08-14 02:54 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-q2h4-qm5p-28rc
  60. 2026-08-13 22:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  61. 2026-08-13 03:20 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-q2h4-qm5p-28rc
  62. 2026-08-12 16:28 UTCEG score recompute
  63. 2026-08-12 16:28 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-q2h4-qm5p-28rc
  64. 2026-08-12 13:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  65. 2026-08-11 15:45 UTCEG score recompute
  66. 2026-08-11 15:45 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-q2h4-qm5p-28rc
  67. 2026-08-11 13:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  68. 2026-08-11 01:08 UTCEG score recompute
  69. 2026-08-11 01:08 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-q2h4-qm5p-28rc
  70. 2026-08-11 00:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  71. 2026-08-10 11:33 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-q2h4-qm5p-28rc

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-28978?
CVE-2026-28978 is a high-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on May 11, 2026. A permissions issue was addressed with additional restrictions. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.7.7, macOS Sonoma 14.8.7, macOS Tahoe 26.5. A malicious app may be able to break out of its sandbox.
When was the CVE record for CVE-2026-28978 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2026-28978 was published on May 11, 2026. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of October 26, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2026-28978 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-28978 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.1% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (3rd percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-28978?
CVE-2026-28978 has a CVSS v3 base score of 8.8 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-28978?
The CVE record for CVE-2026-28978 names the fix: "This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.7.7, macOS Sonoma 14.8.7, macOS Tahoe 26.5." The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2026-28978 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

Dependency Blast Radius

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