CVE-2026-28681

HIGHNVD 8.18.1—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

This high-severity CVE scores 8.1 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 0.4%, top 65% of all CVEs by exploit prediction. GitHub Security Advisory data not yet ingested — confidence will rise once GHSA publishes (typical lag: hours to days for open-source ecosystem CVEs; never for infrastructure-only CVEs).

Triggered by: NVD CVSS baseline
Sources: epss, nvd
Trending — 3 sources updated this week
8.1
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixSerious severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet.
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS: 0%CVSS: 8.1Exploit: NoneExposed: 0

No vendor fix yet — apply a workaround or compensating control (WAF / firewall / segmentation) and watch for a patch.

Internet Routing Registry daemon version 4 is an IRR database server, processing IRR objects in the RPSL format. From version 4.4.0 to before version 4.4.5 and from version 4.5.0 to before version 4.5.1, an attacker can manipulate the HTTP Host header on a password reset or account creation request. The confirmation link in the resulting email can then point to an attacker-controlled domain. Opening the link in the email is sufficient to pass the token to the attacker, who can then use it on the real IRRD instance to take over the account. A compromised account can then be used to modify RPSL objects maintained by the account's mntners and perform other account actions. If the user had two-factor authentication configured, which is required for users with override access, an attacker is not able to log in, even after successfully resetting the password. This issue has been patched in versions 4.4.5 and 4.5.1.

CVSS v3
8.1
EG Score
8.1(medium)
EG Risk
37(Track)
EG Risk 37/100SSVC: Track

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity81% × 45%
Exploitation0% × 40%
Automatability0% × 15%
Action: Routine — remediate on your standard cadence.
EPSS
34.9%
KEV
Not listed

Published

March 6, 2026

Last Modified

April 21, 2026

Advisory Details (5)

Auto-updated Jun 9, 2026
Patch available. Sources: github_commit, github.
generic

Release notes for IRRD 4.5.1 - IRRd 4.5.2 documentation

https://irrd.readthedocs.io/en/stable/releases/4.5.1
generic

Release notes for IRRD 4.4.5 - IRRd 4.5.2 documentation

https://irrd.readthedocs.io/en/stable/releases/4.4.5
github Patch Available

Host header injection in IRRD web UI allows password reset poisoning via attacker-controlled email links · Advisory · irrdnet/irrd · GitHub

Affected: 4.4.5 and 4.5.1.

https://github.com/irrdnet/irrd/security/advisories/GHSA-22m3-c7vp-49fj
github_commit Patch Available

commit cf62df4a49d3 (irrdnet/irrd)

Patch available: irrdnet/irrd v4.5.1 (contains commit cf62df4a49d3)

https://github.com/irrdnet/irrd/commit/cf62df4a49d3891e80b2879d9b324d1af050000c
github_commit Patch Available

commit 8408e0f1b9f4 (irrdnet/irrd)

Patch available: irrdnet/irrd v4.4.5 (contains commit 8408e0f1b9f4)

https://github.com/irrdnet/irrd/commit/8408e0f1b9f47eb2f2e712d6153e32194df05fbb

Affected Packages

(1 across 1 ecosystem)
PyPI(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
irrd4.5.04.5.1—

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 15× in last 7d / 49× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 116 total refreshes for this CVE.

  1. 2026-07-23 03:08 UTCEG score recompute
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Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-28681?
CVE-2026-28681 is a high vulnerability published on March 6, 2026. Internet Routing Registry daemon version 4 is an IRR database server, processing IRR objects in the RPSL format. From version 4.4.0 to before version 4.4.5 and from version 4.5.0 to before version 4.5.1, an attacker can manipulate the HTTP Host header on a password reset or account creation…
When was CVE-2026-28681 disclosed?
CVE-2026-28681 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on March 6, 2026, with the most recent update on April 21, 2026. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2026-28681 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-28681 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 34.9% percentile likelihood of exploitation in the next 30 days — higher percentiles indicate greater predicted risk.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-28681?
CVE-2026-28681 has a CVSS v3 base score of 8.1 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-28681?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2026-28681, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

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