LangAlpha through 2026.09.07 contains an indirect prompt injection vulnerability that allows remote attackers to execute shell commands or Python by planting instructions in web content retrieved by the agent. Because Bash and ExecuteCode lack an allow-list and human-in-the-loop approval, attackers can run code in the workspace sandbox and exfiltrate vault secrets from _internal/.vault_secrets.json.
CVE-2026-109440
HIGHPre-NVD 8.88.8Trending — 4 sources updated this weekElevatedEG-KEV Tier 3: ElevatedEG-KEV is EchelonGraph's own tiering of exploitation signals from CISA KEV, CISA's SSVC data (Vulnrichment), ransomware data, public exploit-code references and EPSS.Tier 3 is not evidence of exploitation. It means public exploit code is referenced, or CISA's SSVC data says "public PoC", or EPSS ranks the CVE in the top 5%.Signals for this CVE: CISA's SSVC exploitation value: public PoC.EchelonGraph confidence 38%: a heuristic from the tier and the number of signals, not a measured probability.
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence
“—” beside the score: it is equal to the CVSS score beside it.
This high-severity CVE scores 8.8 under a secondary CVSS source (NVD's own analysis pending). EPSS exploit probability: 0.6% (48th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs). GitHub Security Advisory CVSS 8.1 is lower than this score; a lower GitHub score revises it only when its advisory is newer than the CVE record's last change, and this advisory (published 2026-10-20) is not newer than that change (2026-10-22), so it does not.
Triggered by: Headline CVSS from a secondary CVSS source
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, a secondary CVSS source
Also known asEUVD-2026-104680 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-fcmr-j7xj-36vp (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD
8.8EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan mitigationRemediate within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high (the SSVC decision on this page).
- CISA's Vulnrichment rates exploitation as PoC; EchelonGraph holds no exploit-code reference for it
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.6%CVSS: 8.8Exploit: No code on recordExposed services: Not assessed
No fix is confirmed yet — apply a workaround or compensating control (WAF / firewall / segmentation) and watch for the fix.
The CVE record's CNA (VulnCheck) lists ginlix-ai LangAlpha versions up to and including 2026.09.07 as affected. No release containing a fix is confirmed on record.
- CVSS v3
- 8.8
- EG Score
- 8.8HIGHmedium confidence
- EG Risk
- 56EG Risk 56/100
EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.
How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)Severity88% × 45%Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 8.8 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.Exploitation40% × 40%EchelonGraph's fixed weight for EG-KEV Tier 3 (Elevated): a constant, not a probability.Automatability0% × 15%CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.Action: No fix is confirmed yet. Restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high, and watch the vendor's advisory for the fix. - EPSS PROB
- 0.6%
- EPSS %ILE
- 48th
- KEV
- Not listed
What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)
The EG score (8.8): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 8.8 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.
- EG Severity
- 8.8 HIGHCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.a secondary CVSS source · CVSS v3.0 or v3.1
- EG Likelihood
- 0.6% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS. FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
- Confirmed exploitation
- None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
- EG Priority
- SSVC Track* at medium mission impactTrack at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.CISA BOD 26-04: 14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.
No fix is confirmed yet. Restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high, and watch the vendor's advisory for the fix.
Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table
BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.
In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it
Published
October 20, 2026
Last Modified
October 22, 2026
Advisory Details (3)
Auto-updated Oct 20, 2026No fix on record yet.
Web page
LangAlpha through 2026.09.07 Indirect Prompt Injection RCE via Bash and ExecuteCode | Advisories | VulnCheck
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/langalpha-through-2026.09.07-indirect-prompt-injection-rce-via-bash-and-executecodeWeb page
LangAlpha/src/ptc_agent/agent/agent.py at 435a5a44fabdeb33e409a62d233a936d96241c86 · ginlix-ai/LangAlpha · GitHub
https://github.com/ginlix-ai/LangAlpha/blob/435a5a44fabdeb33e409a62d233a936d96241c86/src/ptc_agent/agent/agent.py#L524Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-109440(1)
These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.
Weakness Classification(1)
MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.
Data Freshness Timeline
(refreshed 15× in last 7d / 18× in last 30d)
Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.
- 2026-10-26 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
- 2026-10-25 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
- 2026-10-25 14:53 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-24 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
- 2026-10-23 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
- 2026-10-22 22:26 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-22 22:26 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-fcmr-j7xj-36vp · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
- 2026-10-22 21:29 UTCEG score recompute▲ 0.70
- 2026-10-22 21:28 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-fcmr-j7xj-36vp · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
- 2026-10-22 21:25 UTCMITRE cvelistV5CVSS v3 → 8.8 · CVSS v4 → 8.7
- 2026-10-22 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 36th percentile
- 2026-10-21 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 36th percentile
- 2026-10-20 20:26 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-20 20:26 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-fcmr-j7xj-36vp · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
- 2026-10-20 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 36th percentile
- 2026-10-20 01:27 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-20 01:10 UTCEG score recomputeFirst assessed: 8.1 HIGH
- 2026-10-20 01:07 UTCMITRE cvelistV5first tracked
Related CVEs(same CWE)
Frequently asked(5)
What is CVE-2026-109440?
CVE-2026-109440 is a high-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on October 20, 2026. LangAlpha through 2026.09.07 contains an indirect prompt injection vulnerability that allows remote attackers to execute shell commands or Python by planting instructions in web content retrieved by the agent. Because Bash and ExecuteCode lack an allow-list and human-in-the-loop approval, attackers…
When was CVE-2026-109440 made public?
CVE-2026-109440 was made public on October 15, 2026: that is the date its CVE record's CNA, VulnCheck, gives for when the vulnerability was made public. The CVE record itself was published on October 20, 2026. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of October 22, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2026-109440 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-109440 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.6% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (48th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-109440?
CVE-2026-109440 has a CVSS base score of 8.8 (a secondary CVSS source that NVD displays; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-109440?
No fix for CVE-2026-109440 is confirmed yet. Until one is published, restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation — for example, keep it off the internet or limit it to trusted networks — and watch the vendor's advisory for the fix. The CVE record's CNA (VulnCheck) lists ginlix-ai LangAlpha versions up to and including 2026.09.07 as affected. No release containing a fix is confirmed on record. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2026-109440 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.
Dependency Blast Radius
Explore the affected products and dependency analysis for CVE-2026-109440
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