CVE-2026-10645

MEDIUMNVD 5.55.5
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

This medium-severity CVE scores 5.5 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 0.2%, top 89% of all CVEs by exploit prediction. GitHub Security Advisory data not yet ingested — confidence will rise once GHSA publishes (typical lag: hours to days for open-source ecosystem CVEs; never for infrastructure-only CVEs).

Triggered by: NVD CVSS baseline
Sources: epss, nvd
Trending — 4 sources updated this week
5.5
EchelonGraph verdictMonitorLow exploitation likelihood right now — keep watching.
  • Lower severity and no public exploit yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS: 0%CVSS: 5.5Exploit: NoneExposed: 0

No vendor fix yet — apply a workaround or compensating control (WAF / firewall / segmentation) and watch for a patch.

The Zephyr ext2 filesystem driver (subsys/fs/ext2) trusted the on-disk directory entry fields de_rec_len and de_name_len when walking a directory block. ext2_fetch_direntry() guarded only with de_name_len > EXT2_MAX_FILE_NAME, but de_name_len is a uint8_t and EXT2_MAX_FILE_NAME is 255, so the check is always false; the function then memcpy'd up to 255 name bytes and the lookup/readdir paths advanced traversal by an unvalidated de_rec_len. Each directory block is read into a block_size-sized slab buffer, and block_off can be driven near the block end by preceding entries' rec_len, so the 8-byte header read and the subsequent name memcpy can read up to ~263 bytes past the end of the block buffer into adjacent heap/slab memory. On the readdir path those bytes are returned to the caller in fs_dirent.name, leaking adjacent kernel heap memory; a de_rec_len of 0 also causes a zero-progress infinite loop (denial of service), and the unlink path's memmove(de, next, next_reclen) over unvalidated records is an additional OOB read/write source. The defect is reached by any path-based operation (open, stat, unlink, rename, mkdir) or directory listing on a mounted ext2 volume, so a crafted or corrupted ext2 image on attacker-supplied storage (SD card, USB mass storage, or otherwise mounted image) triggers it. Affected: Zephyr ext2 from its introduction in v3.5.0 through v4.4.0. The fix validates rec_len and name_len in the parser and rejects entries whose header does not fit the remaining block or whose rec_len crosses the block boundary in every traversal caller.

CVSS v3
5.5
EG Score
5.5(medium)
EPSS
1.5%
KEV
Not listed

Published

June 22, 2026

Last Modified

July 14, 2026

Advisory Details (1)

Auto-updated Jun 23, 2026
Patch available. Sources: github.
github Patch Available

fs: ext2: Missing structural validation of directory entries can cause out-of-bounds read and zero-progress directory traversal · Advisory · zephyrproject-rtos/zephyr · GitHub

https://github.com/zephyrproject-rtos/zephyr/security/advisories/GHSA-hwrh-9h3x-vccm

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 15× in last 7d / 52× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

  1. 2026-07-15 16:57 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-07-15 02:02 UTCEG score recompute
  3. 2026-07-15 02:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-07-14 19:21 UTCNVD updateCVSS v3 → 5.5
  5. 2026-07-14 19:00 UTCMITRE cvelistV5CVSS v3 → 4.9
  6. 2026-07-14 00:58 UTCEG score recompute
  7. 2026-07-13 22:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-07-13 06:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-07-12 23:54 UTCEG score recompute
  10. 2026-07-12 05:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-07-11 22:50 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-07-11 08:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-07-10 21:46 UTCEG score recompute
  14. 2026-07-09 20:40 UTCEG score recompute
  15. 2026-07-09 19:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-07-08 19:33 UTCEG score recompute
  17. 2026-07-08 15:15 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-07-08 15:15 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-07-07 18:24 UTCEG score recompute 0.60
  20. 2026-07-07 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-07-06 21:35 UTCNVD updateCVSS v3 → 5.5
  22. 2026-07-06 16:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-07-06 14:26 UTCEG score recompute
  24. 2026-07-06 02:23 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-07-05 13:20 UTCEG score recompute
Show 27 more
  1. 2026-07-05 02:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-07-05 02:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-07-04 12:16 UTCEG score recompute
  4. 2026-07-04 06:31 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-07-03 11:10 UTCEG score recompute
  6. 2026-07-02 10:06 UTCEG score recompute
  7. 2026-07-01 15:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-07-01 15:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-07-01 09:01 UTCEG score recompute
  10. 2026-06-30 23:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-06-30 07:57 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-06-29 14:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-06-29 06:53 UTCEG score recompute
  14. 2026-06-28 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-06-28 05:48 UTCEG score recompute
  16. 2026-06-28 04:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-06-28 04:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-06-27 04:37 UTCEG score recompute
  19. 2026-06-27 03:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-06-26 03:33 UTCEG score recompute
  21. 2026-06-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-06-25 02:29 UTCEG score recompute
  23. 2026-06-24 14:05 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-06-24 01:26 UTCEG score recompute
  25. 2026-06-23 21:32 UTCEPSS rescore
  26. 2026-06-23 00:22 UTCEG score recompute
  27. 2026-06-23 00:20 UTCMITRE cvelistV5first tracked

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-10645?
CVE-2026-10645 is a medium vulnerability published on June 22, 2026. The Zephyr ext2 filesystem driver (subsys/fs/ext2) trusted the on-disk directory entry fields dereclen and denamelen when walking a directory block. ext2fetchdirentry() guarded only with denamelen > EXT2MAXFILENAME, but denamelen is a uint8t and EXT2MAXFILENAME is 255, so the check is always false;…
When was CVE-2026-10645 disclosed?
CVE-2026-10645 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on June 22, 2026, with the most recent update on July 14, 2026. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2026-10645 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-10645 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 1.5% percentile likelihood of exploitation in the next 30 days — higher percentiles indicate greater predicted risk.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-10645?
CVE-2026-10645 has a CVSS v3 base score of 5.5 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-10645?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2026-10645, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

Dependency Blast Radius

Explore the affected products and dependency analysis for CVE-2026-10645

Explore →

Is Your Infrastructure Affected by CVE-2026-10645?

EchelonGraph automatically scans your cloud infrastructure and maps CVE exposure using blast radius analysis.