The Zephyr ext2 filesystem driver (subsys/fs/ext2) trusted the on-disk directory entry fields de_rec_len and de_name_len when walking a directory block. ext2_fetch_direntry() guarded only with de_name_len > EXT2_MAX_FILE_NAME, but de_name_len is a uint8_t and EXT2_MAX_FILE_NAME is 255, so the check is always false; the function then memcpy'd up to 255 name bytes and the lookup/readdir paths advanced traversal by an unvalidated de_rec_len. Each directory block is read into a block_size-sized slab buffer, and block_off can be driven near the block end by preceding entries' rec_len, so the 8-byte header read and the subsequent name memcpy can read up to ~263 bytes past the end of the block buffer into adjacent heap/slab memory. On the readdir path those bytes are returned to the caller in fs_dirent.name, leaking adjacent kernel heap memory; a de_rec_len of 0 also causes a zero-progress infinite loop (denial of service), and the unlink path's memmove(de, next, next_reclen) over unvalidated records is an additional OOB read/write source. The defect is reached by any path-based operation (open, stat, unlink, rename, mkdir) or directory listing on a mounted ext2 volume, so a crafted or corrupted ext2 image on attacker-supplied storage (SD card, USB mass storage, or otherwise mounted image) triggers it. Affected: Zephyr ext2 from its introduction in v3.5.0 through v4.4.0. The fix validates rec_len and name_len in the parser and rejects entries whose header does not fit the remaining block or whose rec_len crosses the block boundary in every traversal caller.
CVE-2026-10645
This medium-severity CVE scores 5.5 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 0.2%, top 89% of all CVEs by exploit prediction. GitHub Security Advisory data not yet ingested — confidence will rise once GHSA publishes (typical lag: hours to days for open-source ecosystem CVEs; never for infrastructure-only CVEs).
- Lower severity and no public exploit yet
No vendor fix yet — apply a workaround or compensating control (WAF / firewall / segmentation) and watch for a patch.
- CVSS v3
- 5.5
- EG Score
- 5.5(medium)
- EPSS
- 1.5%
- KEV
- Not listed
Published
June 22, 2026
Last Modified
July 14, 2026
Advisory Details (1)
Auto-updated Jun 23, 2026fs: ext2: Missing structural validation of directory entries can cause out-of-bounds read and zero-progress directory traversal · Advisory · zephyrproject-rtos/zephyr · GitHub
https://github.com/zephyrproject-rtos/zephyr/security/advisories/GHSA-hwrh-9h3x-vccmWeakness Classification(1)
MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.
Data Freshness Timeline
(refreshed 15× in last 7d / 52× in last 30d)
Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.
- 2026-07-15 16:57 UTCEPSS rescore
- 2026-07-15 02:02 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-07-15 02:00 UTCEPSS rescore
- 2026-07-14 19:21 UTCNVD updateCVSS v3 → 5.5
- 2026-07-14 19:00 UTCMITRE cvelistV5CVSS v3 → 4.9
- 2026-07-14 00:58 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-07-13 22:30 UTCEPSS rescore
- 2026-07-13 06:12 UTCEPSS rescore
- 2026-07-12 23:54 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-07-12 05:46 UTCEPSS rescore
- 2026-07-11 22:50 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-07-11 08:27 UTCEPSS rescore
- 2026-07-10 21:46 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-07-09 20:40 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-07-09 19:10 UTCEPSS rescore
- 2026-07-08 19:33 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-07-08 15:15 UTCEPSS rescore
- 2026-07-08 15:15 UTCEPSS rescore
- 2026-07-07 18:24 UTCEG score recompute▲ 0.60
- 2026-07-07 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
- 2026-07-06 21:35 UTCNVD updateCVSS v3 → 5.5
- 2026-07-06 16:27 UTCEPSS rescore
- 2026-07-06 14:26 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-07-06 02:23 UTCEPSS rescore
- 2026-07-05 13:20 UTCEG score recompute
Show 27 moreShow fewer
- 2026-07-05 02:30 UTCEPSS rescore
- 2026-07-05 02:30 UTCEPSS rescore
- 2026-07-04 12:16 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-07-04 06:31 UTCEPSS rescore
- 2026-07-03 11:10 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-07-02 10:06 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-07-01 15:06 UTCEPSS rescore
- 2026-07-01 15:06 UTCEPSS rescore
- 2026-07-01 09:01 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-06-30 23:22 UTCEPSS rescore
- 2026-06-30 07:57 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-06-29 14:06 UTCEPSS rescore
- 2026-06-29 06:53 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-06-28 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
- 2026-06-28 05:48 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-06-28 04:56 UTCEPSS rescore
- 2026-06-28 04:56 UTCEPSS rescore
- 2026-06-27 04:37 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-06-27 03:08 UTCEPSS rescore
- 2026-06-26 03:33 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-06-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescore
- 2026-06-25 02:29 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-06-24 14:05 UTCEPSS rescore
- 2026-06-24 01:26 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-06-23 21:32 UTCEPSS rescore
- 2026-06-23 00:22 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-06-23 00:20 UTCMITRE cvelistV5first tracked
Related CVEs(same CWE)
Same CWE
10 shownCWE-125
- CVE-2014-2898EG 9.8CRITICAL
- CVE-2014-2897EG 9.8CRITICAL
- CVE-2014-2896EG 9.8CRITICAL
- CVE-2015-9290EG 9.8CRITICAL
- CVE-2016-10749EG 9.8CRITICAL
- CVE-1999-0006EG 9.8EPSS 96%CRITICAL
- CVE-2014-3180EG 9.1CRITICAL
- CVE-2014-1508EG 9.1EPSS 90%CRITICAL
- CVE-2016-5198NVD 8.8EG 9.0 KEVEPSS 98%HIGH
- CVE-2016-4523NVD 7.5EG 9.0 KEVEPSS 98%HIGH
Frequently asked(5)
What is CVE-2026-10645?
When was CVE-2026-10645 disclosed?
Is CVE-2026-10645 actively exploited?
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-10645?
How do I remediate CVE-2026-10645?
Dependency Blast Radius
Explore the affected products and dependency analysis for CVE-2026-10645
Is Your Infrastructure Affected by CVE-2026-10645?
EchelonGraph automatically scans your cloud infrastructure and maps CVE exposure using blast radius analysis.