CVE-2025-68349

HIGHPre-NVD 7.57.5
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to the CVSS score beside it.

Score 7.5 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: HIGH) published 2025-12-24. A secondary CVSS source baseline 7.5; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, a secondary CVSS source
Trending — 4 sources updated this week
7.5EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.7%CVSS: 7.5Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

NFSv4/pNFS: Clear NFS_INO_LAYOUTCOMMIT in pnfs_mark_layout_stateid_invalid

Fixes a crash when layout is null during this call stack:

write_inode -> nfs4_write_inode -> pnfs_layoutcommit_inode

pnfs_set_layoutcommit relies on the lseg refcount to keep the layout around. Need to clear NFS_INO_LAYOUTCOMMIT otherwise we might attempt to reference a null layout.

CVSS v3
7.5
EG Score
7.5HIGHmedium confidence
EG Risk
34
EG Risk 34/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity75% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 7.5 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation0.7% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at every mission impact level.
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
EPSS PROB
0.7%
EPSS %ILE
53rd
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (7.5): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 7.5 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
7.5 HIGHCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
0.7% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-19). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at every mission impact level.CISA BOD 26-04: 60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at every mission impact level.

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

December 24, 2025

Last Modified

October 19, 2026

Advisory Details (9)

Auto-updated Jul 31, 2026
Patch available.
Web page

NFSv4/pNFS: Clear NFS_INO_LAYOUTCOMMIT in pnfs_mark_layout_stateid_invalid - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f718f9ea6094843b8c059b073af49ad61e9f49bb
Web page

NFSv4/pNFS: Clear NFS_INO_LAYOUTCOMMIT in pnfs_mark_layout_stateid_invalid - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e0f8058f2cb56de0b7572f51cd563ca5debce746
Web page

NFSv4/pNFS: Clear NFS_INO_LAYOUTCOMMIT in pnfs_mark_layout_stateid_invalid - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ca2e7fdad7c683b64821c94a58b9b68733214dad
Web page

NFSv4/pNFS: Clear NFS_INO_LAYOUTCOMMIT in pnfs_mark_layout_stateid_invalid - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b6e4e3a08c03200cc4b8067ec8ab3172a989d6fc
Web page

NFSv4/pNFS: Clear NFS_INO_LAYOUTCOMMIT in pnfs_mark_layout_stateid_invalid - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/59947dff0fb7c19c09ce6dccbcd253fd542b6c25
Web page

NFSv4/pNFS: Clear NFS_INO_LAYOUTCOMMIT in pnfs_mark_layout_stateid_invalid - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/38694f9aae00459ab443a7dc8b3949a6b33b560a
Web page

NFSv4/pNFS: Clear NFS_INO_LAYOUTCOMMIT in pnfs_mark_layout_stateid_invalid - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/104080582ae0aa6dce6c6d75ff89062efe84673b
Web page

NFSv4/pNFS: Clear NFS_INO_LAYOUTCOMMIT in pnfs_mark_layout_stateid_invalid - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/084bebe82ad86f718a3af84f34761863e63164ed

Patch Availability(31)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
ubuntulinux-tools-oracle-edge (6.8.0-1049.50~22.04.1) @ jammy2026-10-19ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-nvidia-tegra-rt-6.8 (6.8.0-1022.22) @ noble2026-10-19ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-edge (6.8.0-1059.65~22.04.1) @ jammy2026-10-19ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-realtime-5.15 (5.15.0.1102.106) @ jammy2026-10-19ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-intel-iot-realtime-5.15 (5.15.0.1094.98) @ jammy2026-10-19ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-nvidia-tegra-igx-rt-5.15 (5.15.0.1044.46) @ jammy2026-10-19ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-realtime-hwe-24.04-edge (6.17.0-1008.9~24.04.1) @ noble2026-10-19ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-6.17 (6.17.0-1010.10) @ questing2026-10-19ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-raspi-6.17 (6.17.0-1010.10) @ questing2026-10-19ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-raspi-nolpae (5.15.0.1097.95) @ jammy2026-10-19ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-lts-24.04 (6.8.0-1054.60) @ noble2026-10-19ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-raspi-6.8 (6.8.0-1052.56) @ noble2026-10-19ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-oem-6.17 (6.17.0-1017.17) @ noble2026-10-19ubuntu
redhatkernel-0:6.12.0-55.65.1.el10_02026-03-30redhat
redhatkernel-0:3.10.0-1160.147.1.el72026-03-03redhat
redhatkernel-rt-0:3.10.0-1160.147.1.rt56.1299.el72026-03-03redhat
redhatkernel-rt-0:5.14.0-70.167.1.rt21.239.el9_02026-02-25redhat
redhatkernel-0:5.14.0-284.158.1.el9_22026-02-25redhat
redhatkernel-rt-0:5.14.0-284.158.1.rt14.443.el9_22026-02-25redhat
redhatkernel-0:4.18.0-477.130.1.el8_82026-02-25redhat
redhatkernel-0:5.14.0-70.167.1.el9_02026-02-25redhat
redhatkernel-0:4.18.0-305.186.1.el8_42026-02-25redhat
redhatkernel-0:5.14.0-427.111.1.el9_42026-02-17redhat
redhatkernel-0:5.14.0-611.34.1.el9_72026-02-16redhat
redhatkernel-0:6.12.0-124.38.1.el10_12026-02-16redhat
redhatkernel-0:4.18.0-193.185.1.el8_22026-02-12redhat
redhatkernel-0:4.18.0-372.179.1.el8_62026-02-11redhat
redhatkernel-rt-0:4.18.0-553.104.1.rt7.445.el8_102026-02-10redhat
redhatkernel-0:4.18.0-553.104.1.el8_102026-02-09redhat
redhatkernel-0:5.14.0-570.86.1.el9_62026-02-09redhat
linuxKernel @ 5.10.248 (fixes >=4.10.0)—osv

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(5 across 4 ecosystems)
Debian:11(2)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux5.10.103-1 ... 5.10.92-2 (48 versions)
  • every version up to 5.10.249-1: fixed in 5.10.249-1
—
linux-6.16.1.106-3~deb11u1 ... 6.1.159-1~deb11u1 (14 versions)
  • every version up to 6.1.162-1~deb11u1: fixed in 6.1.162-1~deb11u1
—
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux6.1.106-1 ... 6.1.99-1 (46 versions)
  • every version up to 6.1.162-1: fixed in 6.1.162-1
—
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux6.12.38-1 ... 6.12.63-1~bpo12+1 (8 versions)
  • every version up to 6.12.63-1: fixed in 6.12.63-1
—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux6.12.100-1 ... 6.17.9-1 (85 versions)
  • every version up to 6.17.13-1: fixed in 6.17.13-1
—

Additional Vendor Advisories

(7)

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 11× in last 7d / 42× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 99 of 240 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 1 repeat row among the latest 100 is merged into the row it repeats. The 141 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-10-23 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  2. 2026-10-22 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  3. 2026-10-21 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  4. 2026-10-20 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  5. 2026-10-19 21:26 UTCEG score recompute
  6. 2026-10-19 21:26 UTCVendor advisory
  7. 2026-10-19 21:26 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pchw-pcf7-8p47 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.5
  8. 2026-10-19 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  9. 2026-10-18 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  10. 2026-10-18 05:17 UTCEG score recompute
  11. 2026-10-17 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  12. 2026-10-16 16:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  13. 2026-10-15 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  14. 2026-10-15 02:39 UTCEG score recompute
  15. 2026-10-15 02:39 UTCVendor advisory
  16. 2026-10-15 02:38 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pchw-pcf7-8p47 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.5
  17. 2026-10-15 01:42 UTCEG score recompute
  18. 2026-10-15 01:42 UTCVendor advisory
  19. 2026-10-15 01:42 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pchw-pcf7-8p47 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.5
  20. 2026-10-14 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
  21. 2026-10-13 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
  22. 2026-10-12 16:47 UTCEG score recompute
  23. 2026-10-12 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
  24. 2026-10-11 20:22 UTCEG score recompute
  25. 2026-10-11 18:34 UTCEG score recompute
Show 74 more
  1. 2026-10-11 15:08 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-10-11 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
  3. 2026-10-10 19:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
  4. 2026-10-09 20:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
  5. 2026-10-08 17:11 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
  6. 2026-10-07 23:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
  7. 2026-10-06 15:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
  8. 2026-10-05 17:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
  9. 2026-10-04 23:21 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
  10. 2026-10-03 14:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
  11. 2026-10-01 19:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
  12. 2026-09-30 15:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
  13. 2026-09-29 15:20 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
  14. 2026-09-28 13:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
  15. 2026-09-28 02:02 UTCOSV refresh
  16. 2026-09-26 15:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
  17. 2026-09-24 14:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
  18. 2026-09-23 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
  19. 2026-09-20 20:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
  20. 2026-09-18 19:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
  21. 2026-09-17 19:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
  22. 2026-09-16 14:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
  23. 2026-09-16 05:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
  24. 2026-09-15 03:10 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
  25. 2026-09-13 16:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
  26. 2026-09-12 15:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
  27. 2026-09-11 14:52 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
  28. 2026-09-11 09:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
  29. 2026-09-10 09:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
  30. 2026-09-08 22:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
  31. 2026-09-08 09:47 UTCEG score recompute
  32. 2026-09-08 09:47 UTCVendor advisory
  33. 2026-09-08 09:46 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pchw-pcf7-8p47 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.5
  34. 2026-09-08 09:31 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pchw-pcf7-8p47 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.5
  35. 2026-09-07 16:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 49th percentile
  36. 2026-09-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 49th percentile
  37. 2026-09-04 05:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 49th percentile
  38. 2026-09-02 14:11 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 49th percentile
  39. 2026-09-01 13:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 49th percentile
  40. 2026-08-30 01:21 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 49th percentile
  41. 2026-08-28 21:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 49th percentile
  42. 2026-08-27 14:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 49th percentile
  43. 2026-08-26 14:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 49th percentile
  44. 2026-08-26 07:13 UTCOSV refresh
  45. 2026-08-25 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 49th percentile
  46. 2026-08-24 14:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 49th percentile
  47. 2026-08-23 00:18 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 49th percentile
  48. 2026-08-21 23:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 49th percentile
  49. 2026-08-20 22:55 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  50. 2026-08-19 17:03 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  51. 2026-08-18 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  52. 2026-08-17 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  53. 2026-08-16 14:55 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  54. 2026-08-16 02:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  55. 2026-08-15 01:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  56. 2026-08-13 22:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  57. 2026-08-12 13:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  58. 2026-08-11 13:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  59. 2026-08-10 23:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  60. 2026-08-09 22:54 UTCEG score recompute
  61. 2026-08-09 22:54 UTCVendor advisory
  62. 2026-08-09 22:54 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pchw-pcf7-8p47 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.5
  63. 2026-08-09 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  64. 2026-08-08 16:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  65. 2026-08-08 05:29 UTCEG score recompute
  66. 2026-08-08 05:29 UTCVendor advisory
  67. 2026-08-08 05:29 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pchw-pcf7-8p47 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.5
  68. 2026-08-07 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  69. 2026-08-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  70. 2026-08-06 07:16 UTCEG score recompute
  71. 2026-08-06 07:16 UTCVendor advisory
  72. 2026-08-06 07:16 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pchw-pcf7-8p47 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.5
  73. 2026-08-05 19:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  74. 2026-08-05 12:48 UTCEG score recompute

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2025-68349?
CVE-2025-68349 is a high-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on December 24, 2025. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: NFSv4/pNFS: Clear NFSINOLAYOUTCOMMIT in pnfsmarklayoutstateidinvalid Fixes a crash when layout is null during this call stack: write_inode -> nfs4writeinode -> pnfslayoutcommitinode pnfssetlayoutcommit relies on the lseg refcount…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2025-68349 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2025-68349 was published on December 24, 2025. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of October 19, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2025-68349 actively exploited?
CVE-2025-68349 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.7% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (53rd percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-68349?
CVE-2025-68349 has a CVSS base score of 7.5 (a secondary CVSS source that NVD displays; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2025-68349?
A fix for CVE-2025-68349 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2025-68349 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

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