CVE-2025-65855

MEDIUMNVD 6.66.6—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

Score 6.6 from GitHub Security Advisory published 2025-12-17. NVD baseline CVSS 6.6; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: epss, ghsa, nvd
Elevated
6.6EG
EchelonGraph verdictMonitorLow exploitation likelihood right now — keep watching.
  • Lower severity and no public exploit yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0%CVSS: 6.6Exploit: Elevated riskExposed: 0

No vendor fix yet — apply a workaround or compensating control (WAF / firewall / segmentation) and watch for a patch.

The OTA firmware update mechanism in Netun Solutions HelpFlash IoT (firmware v18_178_221102_ASCII_PRO_1R5_50) uses hard-coded WiFi credentials identical across all devices and does not authenticate update servers or validate firmware signatures. An attacker with brief physical access can activate OTA mode (8-second button press), create a malicious WiFi AP using the known credentials, and serve malicious firmware via unauthenticated HTTP to achieve arbitrary code execution on this safety-critical emergency signaling device.

CVSS v3
6.6
EG Score
6.6(medium)
EG Risk
46(Track*)
EG Risk 46/100SSVC: Track*

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity66% × 45%
Exploitation40% × 40%
Automatability0% × 15%
Action: Watch closely — could escalate to Attend.
EPSS PROB
0%
EPSS %ILE
1%
KEV
Not listed

Published

December 17, 2025

Last Modified

January 6, 2026

Advisory Details (2)

Auto-updated Aug 6, 2026
🔬 Proof of concept available. No patch confirmed yet.
generic🟡 PoC Available

CVE-2025-65855 | Security advisory for CVE-2025-65855 - Multiple vulnerabilities in HelpFlash IoT OTA update mechanism

https://luismirandaacebedo.github.io/CVE-2025-65855/
generic

ESP-IDF Programming Guide - ESP32 - — ESP-IDF Programming Guide v4.3.2 documentation

https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-idf/en/v4.3.2/

Weakness Classification(3)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 6× in last 7d / 20× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 104 total refreshes for this CVE.

  1. 2026-09-18 19:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-09-17 19:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-09-16 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-09-15 03:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-09-13 16:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-09-12 15:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-09-11 14:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-09-10 09:34 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-09-08 22:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-09-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-09-04 05:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  12. 2026-09-02 14:11 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-08-30 19:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-08-30 01:21 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-08-28 21:40 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-08-27 14:24 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-08-26 14:45 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-08-24 14:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-08-21 23:48 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-08-20 22:55 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-08-19 17:03 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-08-17 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-08-16 02:13 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-08-15 01:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-08-15 01:29 UTCEPSS rescore
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-08-09 23:30 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-08-09 23:30 UTCGHSA enrichment
  3. 2026-08-09 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-08-09 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-08-08 16:36 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-08-08 06:16 UTCEG score recompute
  7. 2026-08-08 06:16 UTCGHSA enrichment
  8. 2026-08-07 16:26 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-08-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-08-06 08:47 UTCEG score recompute
  11. 2026-08-06 08:47 UTCGHSA enrichment
  12. 2026-08-05 19:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-08-05 19:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-08-04 15:09 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-08-03 10:35 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-08-02 02:26 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-08-01 04:15 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-07-30 16:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-07-28 15:35 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-07-27 14:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-07-26 14:54 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-07-26 14:54 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-07-25 14:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-07-24 14:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-07-24 14:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  26. 2026-07-23 03:01 UTCEG score recompute
  27. 2026-07-22 14:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  28. 2026-07-16 17:02 UTCEPSS rescore
  29. 2026-07-15 16:57 UTCEPSS rescore
  30. 2026-07-15 16:57 UTCEPSS rescore
  31. 2026-07-13 22:29 UTCEPSS rescore
  32. 2026-07-12 05:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  33. 2026-07-11 08:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  34. 2026-07-09 19:09 UTCEPSS rescore
  35. 2026-07-08 15:15 UTCEPSS rescore
  36. 2026-07-07 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  37. 2026-07-06 16:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  38. 2026-07-06 16:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  39. 2026-07-04 06:31 UTCEPSS rescore
  40. 2026-07-04 06:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  41. 2026-06-30 23:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  42. 2026-06-28 04:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  43. 2026-06-28 04:55 UTCEPSS rescore
  44. 2026-06-27 03:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  45. 2026-06-22 14:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  46. 2026-06-21 14:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  47. 2026-06-21 14:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  48. 2026-06-18 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  49. 2026-06-18 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  50. 2026-06-17 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  51. 2026-06-16 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  52. 2026-06-15 17:48 UTCEPSS rescore
  53. 2026-06-15 17:48 UTCEPSS rescore
  54. 2026-06-14 23:18 UTCEPSS rescore
  55. 2026-06-12 23:11 UTCEPSS rescore
  56. 2026-06-10 13:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  57. 2026-06-08 14:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  58. 2026-06-08 14:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  59. 2026-06-07 15:24 UTCEPSS rescore
  60. 2026-06-07 15:24 UTCEPSS rescore
  61. 2026-06-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  62. 2026-06-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  63. 2026-06-05 22:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  64. 2026-06-05 22:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  65. 2026-06-05 06:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  66. 2026-06-05 06:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  67. 2026-06-04 13:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  68. 2026-06-04 13:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  69. 2026-06-02 20:13 UTCEPSS rescore
  70. 2026-06-02 20:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  71. 2026-06-01 13:51 UTCEPSS rescore
  72. 2026-06-01 13:51 UTCEPSS rescore
  73. 2026-05-31 22:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  74. 2026-05-31 22:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  75. 2026-05-31 00:16 UTCEPSS rescore

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2025-65855?
CVE-2025-65855 is a medium vulnerability published on December 17, 2025. The OTA firmware update mechanism in Netun Solutions HelpFlash IoT (firmware v18178221102ASCIIPRO1R550) uses hard-coded WiFi credentials identical across all devices and does not authenticate update servers or validate firmware signatures. An attacker with brief physical access can activate OTA…
When was CVE-2025-65855 disclosed?
CVE-2025-65855 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on December 17, 2025, with the most recent update on January 6, 2026. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2025-65855 actively exploited?
CVE-2025-65855 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, which ranks it in the top 98.8% of all scored CVEs.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-65855?
CVE-2025-65855 has a CVSS v3 base score of 6.6 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2025-65855?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2025-65855, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

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