CVE-2025-49591

CRITICALNVD 9.19.1—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

This critical-severity CVE scores 9.1 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 0.5%, top 63% of all CVEs by exploit prediction. GitHub Security Advisory data not yet ingested — confidence will rise once GHSA publishes (typical lag: hours to days for open-source ecosystem CVEs; never for infrastructure-only CVEs).

Triggered by: NVD CVSS baseline
Sources: epss, nvd
Elevated
9.1EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixSerious severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet.
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0%CVSS: 9.1Exploit: Elevated riskExposed: 0

No vendor fix yet — apply a workaround or compensating control (WAF / firewall / segmentation) and watch for a patch.

CryptPad is a collaboration suite. Prior to version 2025.3.0, enforcement of Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) in CryptPad can be trivially bypassed, due to weak implementation of access controls. An attacker that compromises a user's credentials can gain access to the victim's account, even if the victim has 2FA set up. This is due to 2FA not being enforced if the path parameter is not 44 characters long, which can be bypassed by simply URL encoding a single character in the path. This issue has been patched in version 2025.3.0.

CVSS v3
9.1
EG Score
9.1(medium)
EG Risk
57(Track)
EG Risk 57/100SSVC: Track

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity91% × 45%
Exploitation40% × 40%
Automatability0% × 15%
Action: Routine — remediate on your standard cadence.
EPSS PROB
0%
EPSS %ILE
37%
KEV
Not listed

Published

June 18, 2025

Last Modified

August 11, 2025

Advisory Details (4)

Auto-updated Jul 20, 2026
🔬 Proof of concept available. Patch available. Sources: github_commit, github.
github Patch Available🟡 PoC Available

2FA Bypass · Advisory · cryptpad/cryptpad · GitHub

https://github.com/cryptpad/cryptpad/security/advisories/GHSA-xq5x-wgcm-3p33
github_commit Patch Available

commit f624f9d457d3 (cryptpad/cryptpad)

Patch available: cryptpad/cryptpad 2025.3.0 (contains commit f624f9d457d3)

https://github.com/cryptpad/cryptpad/commit/f624f9d457d36040f57c7598d98a8b9461b79837
github_commit Patch Available

commit 0c5d4bbf5e52 (cryptpad/cryptpad)

Patch available: cryptpad/cryptpad 2025.3.0 (contains commit 0c5d4bbf5e52)

https://github.com/cryptpad/cryptpad/commit/0c5d4bbf5e5206d53470ea86a664fa2b703fb611
generic

cryptpad/lib/http-worker.js at 15c81aa8ccb737a9a1167481f4a699af331364bb · cryptpad/cryptpad · GitHub

https://github.com/cryptpad/cryptpad/blob/15c81aa8ccb737a9a1167481f4a699af331364bb/lib/http-worker.js#L356-L364

Weakness Classification(2)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 9× in last 7d / 46× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 104 total refreshes for this CVE.

  1. 2026-07-30 01:30 UTCEPSS rescore
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  3. 2026-07-28 15:35 UTCEPSS rescore
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  8. 2026-07-24 02:41 UTCOSV refresh
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  10. 2026-07-23 02:57 UTCEG score recompute
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  1. 2026-07-13 22:29 UTCEPSS rescore
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  11. 2026-07-06 22:04 UTCOSV refresh
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  45. 2026-06-18 09:13 UTCOSV refresh
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  74. 2026-05-31 22:30 UTCEPSS rescore
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Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2025-49591?
CVE-2025-49591 is a critical vulnerability published on June 18, 2025. CryptPad is a collaboration suite. Prior to version 2025.3.0, enforcement of Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) in CryptPad can be trivially bypassed, due to weak implementation of access controls. An attacker that compromises a user's credentials can gain access to the victim's account, even if the…
When was CVE-2025-49591 disclosed?
CVE-2025-49591 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on June 18, 2025, with the most recent update on August 11, 2025. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2025-49591 actively exploited?
CVE-2025-49591 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, which ranks it in the top 63.0% of all scored CVEs.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-49591?
CVE-2025-49591 has a CVSS v3 base score of 9.1 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2025-49591?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2025-49591, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

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