CVE-2025-43200

CRITICALNVD 4.29.0
EchelonGraph scoreHIGH confidence

“▲” beside the score: it is higher than NVD's CVSS score.

Score elevated to 9.0 because this CVE is listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog (added 2025-06-16), indicating real-world exploitation has been confirmed by US federal agencies. NVD baseline CVSS 4.2 retained for reference. The 9.0 is the floor for confirmed exploitation, not an impact rating: this CVE's impact severity (EG Severity) is CVSS 4.8 MEDIUM under GitHub Security Advisory CVSS. Confidence: HIGH.

Triggered by: CISA KEV (actively exploited)
Sources: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog, EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3
Trending — 3 sources updated this weekExploited in the wild

Also known asEUVD-2025-18428 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-whff-4x34-r5vx (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

9.0EG
EchelonGraph verdictPatch nowTreat as an emergency — this is being exploited.
  • Actively exploited in the wild (CISA-KEV) — the reason this is sooner than the SSVC decision on this page at every mission impact level
CISA-KEV: ExploitedEPSS PROB: 1.2%CVSS: 4.2Exploit: No code on recordExposed services: Not assessed

The CVE record names the fixed release — apply it.

This issue was addressed with improved checks. This issue is fixed in iOS 15.8.4 and iPadOS 15.8.4, iOS 16.7.11 and iPadOS 16.7.11, iOS 18.3.1 and iPadOS 18.3.1, iPadOS 17.7.5, macOS Sequoia 15.3.1, macOS Sonoma 14.7.4, macOS Ventura 13.7.4, visionOS 2.3.1, watchOS 11.3.1. A logic issue existed when processing a maliciously crafted photo or video shared via an iCloud Link. Apple is aware of a report that this issue may have been exploited in an extremely sophisticated attack against specific targeted individuals.

CVSS v3
4.2
EG Score
9.0CRITICALhigh confidence
EG Risk
62
EG Risk 62/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity48% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 4.8 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation100% × 40%
Fixed at 100% for a CISA KEV listing: EchelonGraph's rule.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation active (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: The CVE record names the fixed release. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
EPSS PROB
1.2%
EPSS %ILE
68th
KEV
⚠ Exploited

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (9.0): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.0 is the CISA KEV floor for confirmed exploitation, not an impact rating: its impact severity (EG Severity) is CVSS 4.8 MEDIUM.

EG Severity
4.8 MEDIUMCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
1.2% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-05). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
CISA KEV and EG-KEV Tier 1 (exploited in the wild)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 14 days if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).

The CVE record names the fixed release. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.

Exploitation active (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 14 days if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV yes (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

CISA required action“Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.”

Quoted verbatim from CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. CISA directs it at US federal civilian executive branch agencies under Binding Operational Directive (BOD) 26-04, which replaced BOD 22-01 on 10 June 2026; it is not EchelonGraph's advice. CISA's notes: https://support.apple.com/en-us/122174 · https://support.apple.com/en-us/122173 · https://support.apple.com/en-us/122900 · https://support.apple.com/en-us/122901 · https://support.apple.com/en-us/122902 · https://support.apple.com/en-us/122903 · https://support.apple.com/en-us/122904 · https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-43200

Published

June 16, 2025

Last Modified

September 24, 2026

Advisory Details (10)

Auto-updated Nov 2, 2026
⚠️ Actively exploited (CISA KEV, CISA Vulnrichment). Fix named in the CVE record.
Web page

Graphite Caught: First Forensic Confirmation of Paragon’s iOS Mercenary Spyware Finds Journalists Targeted - The Citizen Lab

https://citizenlab.ca/2025/06/first-forensic-confirmation-of-paragons-ios-mercenary-spyware-finds-journalists-targeted/
Web page

About the security content of visionOS 2.3.1 - Apple Support

https://support.apple.com/en-us/122904
Web page

About the security content of watchOS 11.3.1 - Apple Support

https://support.apple.com/en-us/122903
Web page

About the security content of macOS Ventura 13.7.4 - Apple Support

https://support.apple.com/en-us/122902
Web page

About the security content of macOS Sonoma 14.7.4 - Apple Support

https://support.apple.com/en-us/122901
Web page

About the security content of macOS Sequoia 15.3.1 - Apple Support

https://support.apple.com/en-us/122900
Web page

About the security content of iOS 16.7.11 and iPadOS 16.7.11 - Apple Support

https://support.apple.com/en-us/122346
Web page

About the security content of iOS 15.8.4 and iPadOS 15.8.4 - Apple Support

https://support.apple.com/en-us/122345
Web page

About the security content of iOS 18.3.1 and iPadOS 18.3.1 - Apple Support

https://support.apple.com/en-us/122174
Web page

About the security content of iPadOS 17.7.5 - Apple Support

https://support.apple.com/en-us/122173

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 21× in last 7d / 117× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 1,205 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 1,105 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-06 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 68th percentile
  2. 2026-11-06 14:12 UTCEG score recompute
  3. 2026-11-06 14:12 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whff-4x34-r5vx · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 4.8
  4. 2026-11-05 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 68th percentile
  5. 2026-11-05 15:42 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whff-4x34-r5vx · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 4.8
  6. 2026-11-04 17:13 UTCEG score recompute
  7. 2026-11-04 17:13 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whff-4x34-r5vx · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 4.8
  8. 2026-11-04 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 68th percentile
  9. 2026-11-03 18:44 UTCEG score recompute
  10. 2026-11-03 18:44 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whff-4x34-r5vx · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 4.8
  11. 2026-11-03 16:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 68th percentile
  12. 2026-11-02 20:15 UTCEG score recompute
  13. 2026-11-02 20:15 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whff-4x34-r5vx · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 4.8
  14. 2026-11-02 16:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 67th percentile
  15. 2026-11-01 21:44 UTCEG score recompute
  16. 2026-11-01 21:44 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whff-4x34-r5vx · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 4.8
  17. 2026-10-31 23:15 UTCEG score recompute
  18. 2026-10-31 23:15 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whff-4x34-r5vx · GitHub CVSS 4.8
  19. 2026-10-31 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 67th percentile
  20. 2026-10-31 00:46 UTCEG score recompute
  21. 2026-10-31 00:46 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whff-4x34-r5vx · GitHub CVSS 4.8
  22. 2026-10-30 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 67th percentile
  23. 2026-10-30 02:17 UTCEG score recompute
  24. 2026-10-30 02:17 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whff-4x34-r5vx · GitHub CVSS 4.8
  25. 2026-10-29 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 67th percentile
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-10-29 03:48 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-10-29 03:48 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whff-4x34-r5vx · GitHub CVSS 4.8
  3. 2026-10-28 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 67th percentile
  4. 2026-10-28 05:20 UTCEG score recompute
  5. 2026-10-28 05:20 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whff-4x34-r5vx · GitHub CVSS 4.8
  6. 2026-10-27 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 67th percentile
  7. 2026-10-27 06:51 UTCEG score recompute
  8. 2026-10-27 06:51 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whff-4x34-r5vx · GitHub CVSS 4.8
  9. 2026-10-26 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 67th percentile
  10. 2026-10-26 08:21 UTCEG score recompute
  11. 2026-10-26 08:21 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whff-4x34-r5vx · GitHub CVSS 4.8
  12. 2026-10-25 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 67th percentile
  13. 2026-10-25 16:26 UTCEG score recompute
  14. 2026-10-25 09:53 UTCEG score recompute
  15. 2026-10-25 09:53 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whff-4x34-r5vx · GitHub CVSS 4.8
  16. 2026-10-24 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 67th percentile
  17. 2026-10-24 11:23 UTCEG score recompute
  18. 2026-10-24 11:23 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whff-4x34-r5vx · GitHub CVSS 4.8
  19. 2026-10-23 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 67th percentile
  20. 2026-10-23 12:52 UTCEG score recompute
  21. 2026-10-23 12:51 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whff-4x34-r5vx · GitHub CVSS 4.8
  22. 2026-10-22 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 67th percentile
  23. 2026-10-22 14:17 UTCEG score recompute
  24. 2026-10-22 14:17 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whff-4x34-r5vx · GitHub CVSS 4.8
  25. 2026-10-21 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 67th percentile
  26. 2026-10-21 15:47 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whff-4x34-r5vx · GitHub CVSS 4.8
  27. 2026-10-20 17:18 UTCEG score recompute
  28. 2026-10-20 17:18 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whff-4x34-r5vx · GitHub CVSS 4.8
  29. 2026-10-20 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 67th percentile
  30. 2026-10-19 18:48 UTCEG score recompute
  31. 2026-10-19 18:48 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whff-4x34-r5vx · GitHub CVSS 4.8
  32. 2026-10-19 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 67th percentile
  33. 2026-10-18 20:19 UTCEG score recompute
  34. 2026-10-18 20:19 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whff-4x34-r5vx · GitHub CVSS 4.8
  35. 2026-10-18 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 67th percentile
  36. 2026-10-18 05:33 UTCEG score recompute
  37. 2026-10-17 21:51 UTCEG score recompute
  38. 2026-10-17 21:50 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whff-4x34-r5vx · GitHub CVSS 4.8
  39. 2026-10-17 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 67th percentile
  40. 2026-10-16 23:20 UTCEG score recompute
  41. 2026-10-16 23:20 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whff-4x34-r5vx · GitHub CVSS 4.8
  42. 2026-10-16 16:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 67th percentile
  43. 2026-10-16 00:50 UTCEG score recompute
  44. 2026-10-16 00:50 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whff-4x34-r5vx · GitHub CVSS 4.8
  45. 2026-10-15 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 67th percentile
  46. 2026-10-15 02:21 UTCEG score recompute
  47. 2026-10-15 02:21 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whff-4x34-r5vx · GitHub CVSS 4.8
  48. 2026-10-14 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 67th percentile
  49. 2026-10-14 03:50 UTCEG score recompute
  50. 2026-10-14 03:50 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whff-4x34-r5vx · GitHub CVSS 4.8
  51. 2026-10-13 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 67th percentile
  52. 2026-10-13 05:21 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whff-4x34-r5vx · GitHub CVSS 4.8
  53. 2026-10-12 17:04 UTCEG score recompute
  54. 2026-10-12 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 67th percentile
  55. 2026-10-12 06:51 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whff-4x34-r5vx · GitHub CVSS 4.8
  56. 2026-10-12 02:44 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whff-4x34-r5vx · GitHub CVSS 4.8
  57. 2026-10-11 22:38 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whff-4x34-r5vx · GitHub CVSS 4.8
  58. 2026-10-11 20:37 UTCEG score recompute
  59. 2026-10-11 18:34 UTCEG score recompute
  60. 2026-10-11 18:34 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whff-4x34-r5vx · GitHub CVSS 4.8
  61. 2026-10-11 14:28 UTCEG score recompute
  62. 2026-10-11 14:28 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whff-4x34-r5vx · GitHub CVSS 4.8
  63. 2026-10-11 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 67th percentile
  64. 2026-10-11 10:23 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whff-4x34-r5vx · GitHub CVSS 4.8
  65. 2026-10-11 06:18 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whff-4x34-r5vx · GitHub CVSS 4.8
  66. 2026-10-11 02:10 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whff-4x34-r5vx · GitHub CVSS 4.8
  67. 2026-10-10 22:05 UTCEG score recompute
  68. 2026-10-10 22:05 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whff-4x34-r5vx · GitHub CVSS 4.8
  69. 2026-10-10 19:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 67th percentile
  70. 2026-10-10 17:53 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whff-4x34-r5vx · GitHub CVSS 4.8
  71. 2026-10-10 13:48 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whff-4x34-r5vx · GitHub CVSS 4.8
  72. 2026-10-10 09:43 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whff-4x34-r5vx · GitHub CVSS 4.8
  73. 2026-10-10 05:37 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whff-4x34-r5vx · GitHub CVSS 4.8
  74. 2026-10-10 01:33 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-whff-4x34-r5vx · GitHub CVSS 4.8
  75. 2026-10-09 21:27 UTCEG score recompute

Frequently asked(6)

What is CVE-2025-43200?
CVE-2025-43200 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on June 16, 2025. This issue was addressed with improved checks. This issue is fixed in iOS 15.8.4 and iPadOS 15.8.4, iOS 16.7.11 and iPadOS 16.7.11, iOS 18.3.1 and iPadOS 18.3.1, iPadOS 17.7.5, macOS Sequoia 15.3.1, macOS Sonoma 14.7.4, macOS Ventura 13.7.4, visionOS 2.3.1, watchOS 11.3.1. A logic issue existed…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2025-43200 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2025-43200 was published on June 16, 2025. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of September 24, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2025-43200 actively exploited?
Yes. CISA added CVE-2025-43200 to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on June 16, 2025, affecting Apple Multiple Products. KEV listing indicates confirmed exploitation in the wild; this CVE warrants immediate attention. The CVE record names the fixed release. Apply it.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-43200?
CVE-2025-43200 has a CVSS v3 base score of 4.2 (NVD). EchelonGraph synthesises NVD + CISA KEV + FIRST EPSS + GHSA into a combined EG score of 9.0 (CRITICAL).
Which products are affected by CVE-2025-43200?
CVE-2025-43200 affects Apple Multiple Products.
How do I remediate CVE-2025-43200?
The CVE record for CVE-2025-43200 names the fix: "This issue is fixed in iOS 15.8.4 and iPadOS 15.8.4, iOS 16.7.11 and iPadOS 16.7.11, iOS 18.3.1 and iPadOS 18.3.1, iPadOS 17.7.5, macOS Sequoia 15.3.1, macOS Sonoma 14.7.4, macOS Ventura 13.7.4, visionOS 2.3.1, watchOS…"

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