CVE-2025-40025

HIGHPre-NVD 7.87.8—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

Score 7.8 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: HIGH) published 2025-10-28. the CNA's CVSS baseline 7.8; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: cna:linux, epss, ghsa
Trending — 5 sources updated this week
7.8EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixSerious severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet.
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0%CVSS: 7.8Exploit: None knownExposed: 0

A fix is available — apply it.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

f2fs: fix to do sanity check on node footer for non inode dnode

As syzbot reported below:

------------[ cut here ]------------ kernel BUG at fs/f2fs/file.c:1243! Oops: invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP KASAN NOPTI CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 5354 Comm: syz.0.0 Not tainted 6.17.0-rc1-syzkaller-00211-g90d970cade8e #0 PREEMPT(full) RIP: 0010:f2fs_truncate_hole+0x69e/0x6c0 fs/f2fs/file.c:1243 Call Trace: f2fs_punch_hole+0x2db/0x330 fs/f2fs/file.c:1306 f2fs_fallocate+0x546/0x990 fs/f2fs/file.c:2018 vfs_fallocate+0x666/0x7e0 fs/open.c:342 ksys_fallocate fs/open.c:366 [inline] __do_sys_fallocate fs/open.c:371 [inline] __se_sys_fallocate fs/open.c:369 [inline] __x64_sys_fallocate+0xc0/0x110 fs/open.c:369 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xfa/0x3b0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f RIP: 0033:0x7f1e65f8ebe9

w/ a fuzzed image, f2fs may encounter panic due to it detects inconsistent truncation range in direct node in f2fs_truncate_hole().

The root cause is: a non-inode dnode may has the same footer.ino and footer.nid, so the dnode will be parsed as an inode, then ADDRS_PER_PAGE() may return wrong blkaddr count which may be 923 typically, by chance, dn.ofs_in_node is equal to 923, then count can be calculated to 0 in below statement, later it will trigger panic w/ f2fs_bug_on(, count == 0 || ...).

count = min(end_offset - dn.ofs_in_node, pg_end - pg_start);

This patch introduces a new node_type NODE_TYPE_NON_INODE, then allowing passing the new_type to sanity_check_node_footer in f2fs_get_node_folio() to detect corruption that a non-inode dnode has the same footer.ino and footer.nid.

Scripts to reproduce: mkfs.f2fs -f /dev/vdb mount /dev/vdb /mnt/f2fs touch /mnt/f2fs/foo touch /mnt/f2fs/bar dd if=/dev/zero of=/mnt/f2fs/foo bs=1M count=8 umount /mnt/f2fs inject.f2fs --node --mb i_nid --nid 4 --idx 0 --val 5 /dev/vdb mount /dev/vdb /mnt/f2fs xfs_io /mnt/f2fs/foo -c "fpunch 6984k 4k"

CVSS v3
7.8
EG Score
7.8(medium)
EG Risk
40(Track)
EG Risk 40/100SSVC: Track

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity78% × 45%
Exploitation0% × 40%
Automatability30% × 15%
Action: Routine — remediate on your standard cadence.
EPSS PROB
0%
EPSS %ILE
3%
KEV
Not listed

Published

October 28, 2025

Last Modified

August 5, 2026

Advisory Details (2)

Auto-updated Jul 30, 2026
No patch confirmed yet.
generic

f2fs: fix to do sanity check on node footer for non inode dnode - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c18ecd99e0c707ef8f83cace861cbc3162f4fdf1
generic

f2fs: fix to do sanity check on node footer for non inode dnode - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/186098f34b8a5d65eb828f952c8cc56272c60ea0

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2025-40025(1)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Patch Availability(4)

Vendor / EcosystemFixed in / PatchReleasedSource
ubuntulinux-tools-raspi-6.17 (6.17.0-1005.5) @ questing2026-08-05ubuntu
ubuntulinux-virtual-hwe-24.04-edge (6.17.0-7.7) @ questing2026-08-05ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-gcp-64k-6.17 (6.17.0-1004.4) @ questing2026-08-05ubuntu
linuxKernel @ 6.17.2—osv

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

All Vendor Advisories

(4)

Every vendor that published an advisory referencing this CVE — pulled from our cve_vendor_advisories aggregation. Click any row for the vendor's original advisory page.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 13× in last 7d / 46× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 141 total refreshes for this CVE.

  1. 2026-08-05 12:54 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-08-05 12:54 UTCVendor advisory
  3. 2026-08-05 12:54 UTCGHSA enrichment
  4. 2026-08-04 15:09 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-08-04 10:37 UTCEPSS rescore
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  9. 2026-07-30 16:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-07-30 06:30 UTCEG score recompute▲ 7.80
  11. 2026-07-30 06:30 UTCVendor advisory
  12. 2026-07-30 06:30 UTCGHSA enrichment
  13. 2026-07-30 06:18 UTCMITRE cvelistV5CVSS v3 → 7.8 · severity → HIGH
  14. 2026-07-30 01:29 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-07-28 15:35 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-07-27 08:39 UTCOSV refresh
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  18. 2026-07-10 03:24 UTCOSV refresh
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  48. 2026-06-21 14:01 UTCOSV refresh
  49. 2026-06-21 01:59 UTCEPSS rescore
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  74. 2026-06-02 20:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  75. 2026-06-02 08:39 UTCOSV refresh

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Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2025-40025?
CVE-2025-40025 is a high vulnerability published on October 28, 2025. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: f2fs: fix to do sanity check on node footer for non inode dnode As syzbot reported below: ------------[ cut here ]------------ kernel BUG at fs/f2fs/file.c:1243! Oops: invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP KASAN NOPTI CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID:…
When was CVE-2025-40025 disclosed?
CVE-2025-40025 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on October 28, 2025, with the most recent update on August 5, 2026. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2025-40025 actively exploited?
CVE-2025-40025 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, which ranks it in the top 96.7% of all scored CVEs.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-40025?
CVE-2025-40025 has a CVSS v4.0 base score of 7.8 (CNA self-assessment; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2025-40025?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2025-40025, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

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