CVE-2025-38477

MEDIUMNVD 4.74.7
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

Score 4.7 from GitHub Security Advisory published 2025-07-28. NVD baseline CVSS 4.7; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3
4.7EG
EchelonGraph verdictMonitorRemediate within your standard update timelines (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • Lower severity and no public exploit yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.1%CVSS: 4.7Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

net/sched: sch_qfq: Fix race condition on qfq_aggregate

A race condition can occur when 'agg' is modified in qfq_change_agg (called during qfq_enqueue) while other threads access it concurrently. For example, qfq_dump_class may trigger a NULL dereference, and qfq_delete_class may cause a use-after-free.

This patch addresses the issue by:

  • Moved qfq_destroy_class into the critical section.
  • Added sch_tree_lock protection to qfq_dump_class and
qfq_dump_class_stats.

CVSS v3
4.7
EG Score
4.7MEDIUMmedium confidence
EG Risk
21
EG Risk 21/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity47% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 4.7 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation0.1% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at every mission impact level.
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
EPSS PROB
0.1%
EPSS %ILE
2nd
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (4.7): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 4.7 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
4.7 MEDIUMCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
0.1% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS. FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at every mission impact level.CISA BOD 26-04: 60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at every mission impact level.

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

July 28, 2025

Last Modified

October 15, 2026

Advisory Details (8)

Auto-updated Aug 5, 2026
Patch available.
Web page

net/sched: sch_qfq: Fix race condition on qfq_aggregate - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5e28d5a3f774f118896aec17a3a20a9c5c9dfc64
Web page

net/sched: sch_qfq: Fix race condition on qfq_aggregate - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c000a3a330d97f6c073ace5aa5faf94b9adb4b79
Web page

net/sched: sch_qfq: Fix race condition on qfq_aggregate - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a6d735100f602c830c16d69fb6d780eebd8c9ae1
Web page

net/sched: sch_qfq: Fix race condition on qfq_aggregate - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fbe48f06e64134dfeafa89ad23387f66ebca3527
Web page

net/sched: sch_qfq: Fix race condition on qfq_aggregate - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/466e10194ab81caa2ee6a332d33ba16bcceeeba6
Web page

net/sched: sch_qfq: Fix race condition on qfq_aggregate - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c6df794000147a3a02f79984aada4ce83f8d0a1e
Web page

net/sched: sch_qfq: Fix race condition on qfq_aggregate - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d841aa5518508ab195b6781ad0d73ee378d713dd
Web page

net/sched: sch_qfq: Fix race condition on qfq_aggregate - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/aa7a22c4d678bf649fd3a1d27debec583563414d

Patch Availability(31)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
ubuntulinux-tools-gke-5.15 (5.15.0.1090.89) @ jammy2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-lts-22.04 (5.15.0.1097.95) @ jammy2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-nvidia-tegra-igx-rt-5.15 (5.15.0.1035.37) @ jammy2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-aws-fips-5.4 (5.4.0.1151.98) @ focal2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-realtime-hwe-24.04-edge (6.14.0-1013.13~24.04.1) @ noble2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-virtual-hwe-22.04-edge (6.8.0-85.85~22.04.1) @ jammy2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-raspi-realtime-6.8 (6.8.0-2031.32) @ noble2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-realtime-6.8.1 (6.8.1-1035.36) @ noble2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-raspi-6.8 (6.8.0-1040.44) @ noble2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-6.14 (6.14.0-1013.13) @ plucky2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-realtime-5.15 (5.15.0.1093.97) @ jammy2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-oracle-lts-20.04 (5.4.0.1149.143) @ focal2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-fips-4.15 (4.15.0.2102.98) @ bionic2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-kvm (4.15.0.1168.159) @ bionic2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-raspi-6.14 (6.14.0-1015.15) @ plucky2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-fips-5.4 (5.4.0.1155.92) @ focal2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-edge (6.8.0-1040.46~22.04.1) @ jammy2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-edge (5.15.0.1097.106~20.04.1) @ focal2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-oracle-64k-6.14 (6.14.0-1014.14) @ plucky2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-oracle-edge (5.4.0.1149.159~18.04.1) @ bionic2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-kvm-5.15 (5.15.0.1089.85) @ jammy2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-raspi-hwe-18.04-edge (5.4.0.1134.147~18.04.1) @ bionic2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-oracle (4.15.0.1148.159~16.04.1) @ xenial2026-07-30ubuntu
redhatkernel-0:4.18.0-305.179.1.el8_42025-12-04redhat
redhatkernel-0:4.18.0-193.173.1.el8_22025-11-18redhat
redhatkernel-0:3.10.0-1160.141.1.el72025-10-01redhat
redhatkernel-0:4.18.0-372.162.1.el8_62025-10-01redhat
redhatkernel-0:4.18.0-477.112.1.el8_82025-09-30redhat
redhatkernel-rt-0:3.10.0-1160.140.1.rt56.1292.el72025-09-30redhat
redhatkernel-0:4.18.0-553.72.1.el8_102025-09-02redhat
linuxKernel @ 5.4.297 (fixes >=3.8.0)—osv

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(5 across 4 ecosystems)
Debian:11(2)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux5.10.103-1 ... 5.10.92-2 (46 versions)
  • every version up to 5.10.244-1: fixed in 5.10.244-1
—
linux-6.16.1.106-3~deb11u1 ... 6.1.148-1~deb11u1 (11 versions)
  • every version up to 6.1.153-1~deb11u1: fixed in 6.1.153-1~deb11u1
—
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux6.1.106-1 ... 6.1.99-1 (41 versions)
  • every version up to 6.1.147-1: fixed in 6.1.147-1
—
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux6.12.38-1
  • every version up to 6.12.41-1: fixed in 6.12.41-1
—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux6.12.100-1 ... 6.16~rc7-1~exp1 (62 versions)
  • every version up to 6.16.3-1: fixed in 6.16.3-1
—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Additional Vendor Advisories

(17)

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 7× in last 7d / 35× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 96 of 208 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 4 repeat rows among the latest 100 are merged into the row they repeat. The 112 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-10-23 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  2. 2026-10-22 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  3. 2026-10-21 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  4. 2026-10-20 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  5. 2026-10-19 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  6. 2026-10-18 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  7. 2026-10-18 05:35 UTCEG score recompute
  8. 2026-10-16 16:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  9. 2026-10-15 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  10. 2026-10-15 01:59 UTCEG score recompute
  11. 2026-10-15 01:59 UTCVendor advisory
  12. 2026-10-15 01:59 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-79vc-v8qm-8x53 · GitHub CVSS 4.7
  13. 2026-10-14 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  14. 2026-10-13 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  15. 2026-10-12 17:07 UTCEG score recompute
  16. 2026-10-12 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  17. 2026-10-11 20:40 UTCEG score recompute
  18. 2026-10-11 18:51 UTCEG score recompute
  19. 2026-10-11 15:28 UTCEG score recompute
  20. 2026-10-11 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  21. 2026-10-10 19:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  22. 2026-10-09 20:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  23. 2026-10-08 17:09 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  24. 2026-10-07 23:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  25. 2026-10-06 15:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
Show 71 more
  1. 2026-10-05 17:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  2. 2026-10-04 23:21 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  3. 2026-10-03 14:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  4. 2026-10-01 19:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  5. 2026-09-30 15:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  6. 2026-09-28 13:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  7. 2026-09-27 02:12 UTCOSV refresh
  8. 2026-09-26 15:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  9. 2026-09-26 00:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  10. 2026-09-24 14:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  11. 2026-09-23 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  12. 2026-09-18 19:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  13. 2026-09-17 19:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  14. 2026-09-16 14:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  15. 2026-09-16 05:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  16. 2026-09-13 16:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  17. 2026-09-12 15:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  18. 2026-09-11 14:52 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  19. 2026-09-11 09:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  20. 2026-09-10 09:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  21. 2026-09-08 21:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  22. 2026-09-07 16:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  23. 2026-09-07 11:18 UTCOSV refresh
  24. 2026-09-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  25. 2026-09-04 05:05 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  26. 2026-09-02 14:11 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  27. 2026-09-01 13:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  28. 2026-09-01 04:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  29. 2026-08-30 19:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  30. 2026-08-28 21:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  31. 2026-08-27 14:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  32. 2026-08-26 14:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  33. 2026-08-25 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  34. 2026-08-23 00:18 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  35. 2026-08-21 23:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  36. 2026-08-20 22:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  37. 2026-08-20 20:31 UTCOSV refresh
  38. 2026-08-19 17:03 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  39. 2026-08-18 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  40. 2026-08-17 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  41. 2026-08-16 14:55 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  42. 2026-08-16 02:13 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  43. 2026-08-15 01:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  44. 2026-08-13 21:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  45. 2026-08-12 13:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  46. 2026-08-09 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  47. 2026-08-08 16:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  48. 2026-08-07 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  49. 2026-08-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  50. 2026-08-05 13:02 UTCEG score recompute
  51. 2026-08-05 13:02 UTCVendor advisory
  52. 2026-08-05 13:02 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-79vc-v8qm-8x53 · GitHub CVSS 4.7
  53. 2026-08-04 15:09 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  54. 2026-08-04 10:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  55. 2026-08-03 10:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  56. 2026-08-02 02:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  57. 2026-08-01 04:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  58. 2026-07-30 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  59. 2026-07-30 07:05 UTCEG score recompute
  60. 2026-07-30 07:05 UTCVendor advisory
  61. 2026-07-30 07:05 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-79vc-v8qm-8x53 · GitHub CVSS 4.7
  62. 2026-07-30 06:24 UTCNVD updateCVSS v3 → 4.7 · severity → MEDIUM
  63. 2026-07-30 01:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  64. 2026-07-28 15:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  65. 2026-07-27 15:57 UTCOSV refresh
  66. 2026-07-26 14:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  67. 2026-07-25 14:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  68. 2026-07-24 14:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  69. 2026-07-23 02:54 UTCEG score recompute
  70. 2026-07-22 14:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  71. 2026-07-20 17:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2025-38477?
CVE-2025-38477 is a medium-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on July 28, 2025. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net/sched: schqfq: Fix race condition on qfqaggregate A race condition can occur when 'agg' is modified in qfqchangeagg (called during qfq_enqueue) while other threads access it concurrently. For example, qfqdumpclass may trigger a…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2025-38477 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2025-38477 was published on July 28, 2025. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of October 15, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2025-38477 actively exploited?
CVE-2025-38477 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.1% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (2nd percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-38477?
CVE-2025-38477 has a CVSS v3 base score of 4.7 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2025-38477?
A fix for CVE-2025-38477 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2025-38477 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

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