CVE-2025-38194

MEDIUMNVD 5.55.5—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

Score 5.5 from GitHub Security Advisory published 2025-07-04. NVD baseline CVSS 5.5; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: epss, ghsa, nvd
5.5EG
EchelonGraph verdictMonitorLow exploitation likelihood right now — keep watching.
  • Lower severity and no public exploit yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0%CVSS: 5.5Exploit: None knownExposed: 0

A fix is available — apply it.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

jffs2: check that raw node were preallocated before writing summary

Syzkaller detected a kernel bug in jffs2_link_node_ref, caused by fault injection in jffs2_prealloc_raw_node_refs. jffs2_sum_write_sumnode doesn't check return value of jffs2_prealloc_raw_node_refs and simply lets any error propagate into jffs2_sum_write_data, which eventually calls jffs2_link_node_ref in order to link the summary to an expectedly allocated node.

kernel BUG at fs/jffs2/nodelist.c:592! invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP KASAN NOPTI CPU: 1 PID: 31277 Comm: syz-executor.7 Not tainted 6.1.128-syzkaller-00139-ge10f83ca10a1 #0 Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.12.0-1 04/01/2014 RIP: 0010:jffs2_link_node_ref+0x570/0x690 fs/jffs2/nodelist.c:592 Call Trace: jffs2_sum_write_data fs/jffs2/summary.c:841 [inline] jffs2_sum_write_sumnode+0xd1a/0x1da0 fs/jffs2/summary.c:874 jffs2_do_reserve_space+0xa18/0xd60 fs/jffs2/nodemgmt.c:388 jffs2_reserve_space+0x55f/0xaa0 fs/jffs2/nodemgmt.c:197 jffs2_write_inode_range+0x246/0xb50 fs/jffs2/write.c:362 jffs2_write_end+0x726/0x15d0 fs/jffs2/file.c:301 generic_perform_write+0x314/0x5d0 mm/filemap.c:3856 __generic_file_write_iter+0x2ae/0x4d0 mm/filemap.c:3973 generic_file_write_iter+0xe3/0x350 mm/filemap.c:4005 call_write_iter include/linux/fs.h:2265 [inline] do_iter_readv_writev+0x20f/0x3c0 fs/read_write.c:735 do_iter_write+0x186/0x710 fs/read_write.c:861 vfs_iter_write+0x70/0xa0 fs/read_write.c:902 iter_file_splice_write+0x73b/0xc90 fs/splice.c:685 do_splice_from fs/splice.c:763 [inline] direct_splice_actor+0x10c/0x170 fs/splice.c:950 splice_direct_to_actor+0x337/0xa10 fs/splice.c:896 do_splice_direct+0x1a9/0x280 fs/splice.c:1002 do_sendfile+0xb13/0x12c0 fs/read_write.c:1255 __do_sys_sendfile64 fs/read_write.c:1323 [inline] __se_sys_sendfile64 fs/read_write.c:1309 [inline] __x64_sys_sendfile64+0x1cf/0x210 fs/read_write.c:1309 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:51 [inline] do_syscall_64+0x35/0x80 arch/x86/entry/common.c:81 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x6e/0xd8

Fix this issue by checking return value of jffs2_prealloc_raw_node_refs before calling jffs2_sum_write_data.

Found by Linux Verification Center (linuxtesting.org) with Syzkaller.

CVSS v3
5.5
EG Score
5.5(medium)
EG Risk
29(Track)
EG Risk 29/100SSVC: Track

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity55% × 45%
Exploitation0% × 40%
Automatability30% × 15%
Action: Routine — remediate on your standard cadence.
EPSS PROB
0%
EPSS %ILE
9%
KEV
Not listed

Published

July 4, 2025

Last Modified

December 18, 2025

References (10)

Patch Availability(31)

Vendor / EcosystemFixed in / PatchReleasedSource
ubuntulinux-xilinx-zynqmp-tools-5.15.0-1056 (5.15.0-1056.60) @ jammy2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-gcp-fips-5.15 (5.15.0.1092.82) @ jammy2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-oracle-edge (5.15.0.1090.96~20.04.1) @ focal2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-realtime-5.15 (5.15.0.1092.96) @ jammy2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-edge (5.15.0.1096.105~20.04.1) @ focal2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-fips-5.15 (5.15.0.1096.81) @ jammy2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-lts-22.04 (5.15.0.1096.94) @ jammy2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-nvidia-tegra-igx-rt-5.15 (5.15.0.1034.36) @ jammy2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-kvm-5.15 (5.15.0.1088.84) @ jammy2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-virtual-hwe-24.04-edge (6.14.0-34.34) @ plucky2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-nvidia-edge (6.14.0-1007.7) @ noble2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-virtual-6.8 (6.8.0-100.100) @ noble2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-virtual-hwe-24.04-edge (6.14.0-34.34~24.04.1) @ noble2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-realtime-hwe-24.04-edge (6.14.0-1014.14~24.04.1) @ noble2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-realtime-6.8.1 (6.8.1-1041.42) @ noble2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-gcp-edge (6.8.0-1047.50~22.04.2) @ jammy2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-fips-6.8 (6.8.0-100.100+fips1) @ noble2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-aws-edge (6.14.0-1015.15~24.04.1) @ noble2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-gcp-edge (6.14.0-1018.19~24.04.1) @ noble2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-realtime-hwe-22.04 (6.8.1-1041.42~22.04.1) @ jammy2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-gcp-fips-6.8 (6.8.0-1047.50+fips1) @ noble2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-oracle-lts-24.04 (6.8.0-1043.44) @ noble2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-virtual-hwe-22.04-edge (6.8.0-100.100~22.04.1) @ jammy2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-nvidia-lowlatency-64k-6.8 (6.8.0-1046.49.1) @ noble2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-gke-64k-6.8 (6.8.0-1043.48) @ noble2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-lowlatency-hwe-20.04-edge (6.8.0-100.100.1) @ noble2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-ibm-lts-24.04 (6.8.0-1044.44) @ noble2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-xilinx-zynqmp (6.8.0.1023.24) @ noble2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-lts-24.04 (6.8.0-1046.52) @ noble2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-fips-6.8 (6.8.0-1046.52+fips1) @ noble2026-05-30ubuntu
linuxKernel @ 5.4.295—osv

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

All Vendor Advisories

(25)

Every vendor that published an advisory referencing this CVE — pulled from our cve_vendor_advisories aggregation. Click any row for the vendor's original advisory page.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 6× in last 7d / 39× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

  1. 2026-08-07 16:26 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-08-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-08-04 15:09 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-08-04 10:37 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-08-03 10:35 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-08-02 02:26 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-08-01 04:15 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-07-30 16:27 UTCEPSS rescore
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  10. 2026-07-28 15:35 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-07-26 14:54 UTCEPSS rescore
  12. 2026-07-25 14:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-07-25 14:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-07-24 14:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-07-24 01:41 UTCOSV refresh
  16. 2026-07-23 02:54 UTCEG score recompute
  17. 2026-07-22 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-07-22 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-07-21 15:24 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-07-20 17:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-07-19 14:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-07-19 14:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-07-19 02:28 UTCEPSS rescore
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  25. 2026-07-18 10:04 UTCEPSS rescore
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  1. 2026-07-18 10:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-07-16 17:02 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-07-15 16:57 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-07-15 16:57 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-07-15 01:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-07-15 01:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-07-13 22:29 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-07-13 22:29 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-07-13 06:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-07-12 05:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-07-11 08:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  12. 2026-07-11 08:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-07-09 19:09 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-07-09 19:09 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-07-07 13:45 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-07-06 20:04 UTCOSV refresh
  17. 2026-07-06 16:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-07-06 16:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-07-05 02:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-07-04 06:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-07-01 15:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-07-01 15:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-06-29 14:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-06-29 14:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-06-28 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  26. 2026-06-28 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  27. 2026-06-28 04:55 UTCEPSS rescore
  28. 2026-06-28 04:55 UTCEPSS rescore
  29. 2026-06-27 03:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  30. 2026-06-27 03:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  31. 2026-06-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescore
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  33. 2026-06-24 14:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  34. 2026-06-24 14:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  35. 2026-06-23 21:32 UTCEPSS rescore
  36. 2026-06-23 21:32 UTCEPSS rescore
  37. 2026-06-22 14:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  38. 2026-06-22 14:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  39. 2026-06-21 14:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  40. 2026-06-21 14:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  41. 2026-06-21 01:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  42. 2026-06-21 01:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  43. 2026-06-19 19:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  44. 2026-06-19 19:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  45. 2026-06-18 08:35 UTCOSV refresh
  46. 2026-06-17 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  47. 2026-06-16 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  48. 2026-06-16 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  49. 2026-06-14 23:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  50. 2026-06-13 23:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  51. 2026-06-12 23:11 UTCEPSS rescore
  52. 2026-06-11 14:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  53. 2026-06-10 22:18 UTCEPSS rescore
  54. 2026-06-10 13:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  55. 2026-06-08 14:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  56. 2026-06-08 14:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  57. 2026-06-07 15:24 UTCEPSS rescore
  58. 2026-06-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  59. 2026-06-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  60. 2026-06-05 22:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  61. 2026-06-05 22:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  62. 2026-06-05 06:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  63. 2026-06-05 06:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  64. 2026-06-04 13:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  65. 2026-06-04 13:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  66. 2026-06-02 20:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  67. 2026-06-01 13:51 UTCEPSS rescore
  68. 2026-06-01 13:51 UTCEPSS rescore
  69. 2026-05-31 22:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  70. 2026-05-31 22:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  71. 2026-05-31 00:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  72. 2026-05-30 02:36 UTCEG score recompute
  73. 2026-05-30 02:36 UTCVendor advisory
  74. 2026-05-30 02:36 UTCGHSA enrichment
  75. 2026-05-29 13:44 UTCEPSS rescore

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2025-38194?
CVE-2025-38194 is a medium vulnerability published on July 4, 2025. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: jffs2: check that raw node were preallocated before writing summary Syzkaller detected a kernel bug in jffs2linknode_ref, caused by fault injection in jffs2preallocrawnoderefs. jffs2sumwrite_sumnode doesn't check return value of…
When was CVE-2025-38194 disclosed?
CVE-2025-38194 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on July 4, 2025, with the most recent update on December 18, 2025. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2025-38194 actively exploited?
CVE-2025-38194 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, which ranks it in the top 91.5% of all scored CVEs.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-38194?
CVE-2025-38194 has a CVSS v3 base score of 5.5 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2025-38194?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2025-38194, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

Dependency Blast Radius

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