CVE-2025-38161

MEDIUMNVD 5.55.5—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

Score 5.5 from GitHub Security Advisory published 2025-07-03. NVD baseline CVSS 5.5; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: epss, ghsa, nvd
5.5EG
EchelonGraph verdictMonitorLow exploitation likelihood right now — keep watching.
  • Lower severity and no public exploit yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0%CVSS: 5.5Exploit: None knownExposed: 0

A fix is available — apply it.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

RDMA/mlx5: Fix error flow upon firmware failure for RQ destruction

Upon RQ destruction if the firmware command fails which is the last resource to be destroyed some SW resources were already cleaned regardless of the failure.

Now properly rollback the object to its original state upon such failure.

In order to avoid a use-after free in case someone tries to destroy the object again, which results in the following kernel trace: refcount_t: underflow; use-after-free. WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 37589 at lib/refcount.c:28 refcount_warn_saturate+0xf4/0x148 Modules linked in: rdma_ucm(OE) rdma_cm(OE) iw_cm(OE) ib_ipoib(OE) ib_cm(OE) ib_umad(OE) mlx5_ib(OE) rfkill mlx5_core(OE) mlxdevm(OE) ib_uverbs(OE) ib_core(OE) psample mlxfw(OE) mlx_compat(OE) macsec tls pci_hyperv_intf sunrpc vfat fat virtio_net net_failover failover fuse loop nfnetlink vsock_loopback vmw_vsock_virtio_transport_common vmw_vsock_vmci_transport vmw_vmci vsock xfs crct10dif_ce ghash_ce sha2_ce sha256_arm64 sha1_ce virtio_console virtio_gpu virtio_blk virtio_dma_buf virtio_mmio dm_mirror dm_region_hash dm_log dm_mod xpmem(OE) CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 37589 Comm: python3 Kdump: loaded Tainted: G OE ------- --- 6.12.0-54.el10.aarch64 #1 Tainted: [O]=OOT_MODULE, [E]=UNSIGNED_MODULE Hardware name: QEMU KVM Virtual Machine, BIOS 0.0.0 02/06/2015 pstate: 60400005 (nZCv daif +PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--) pc : refcount_warn_saturate+0xf4/0x148 lr : refcount_warn_saturate+0xf4/0x148 sp : ffff80008b81b7e0 x29: ffff80008b81b7e0 x28: ffff000133d51600 x27: 0000000000000001 x26: 0000000000000000 x25: 00000000ffffffea x24: ffff00010ae80f00 x23: ffff00010ae80f80 x22: ffff0000c66e5d08 x21: 0000000000000000 x20: ffff0000c66e0000 x19: ffff00010ae80340 x18: 0000000000000006 x17: 0000000000000000 x16: 0000000000000020 x15: ffff80008b81b37f x14: 0000000000000000 x13: 2e656572662d7265 x12: ffff80008283ef78 x11: ffff80008257efd0 x10: ffff80008283efd0 x9 : ffff80008021ed90 x8 : 0000000000000001 x7 : 00000000000bffe8 x6 : c0000000ffff7fff x5 : ffff0001fb8e3408 x4 : 0000000000000000 x3 : ffff800179993000 x2 : 0000000000000000 x1 : 0000000000000000 x0 : ffff000133d51600 Call trace: refcount_warn_saturate+0xf4/0x148 mlx5_core_put_rsc+0x88/0xa0 [mlx5_ib] mlx5_core_destroy_rq_tracked+0x64/0x98 [mlx5_ib] mlx5_ib_destroy_wq+0x34/0x80 [mlx5_ib] ib_destroy_wq_user+0x30/0xc0 [ib_core] uverbs_free_wq+0x28/0x58 [ib_uverbs] destroy_hw_idr_uobject+0x34/0x78 [ib_uverbs] uverbs_destroy_uobject+0x48/0x240 [ib_uverbs] __uverbs_cleanup_ufile+0xd4/0x1a8 [ib_uverbs] uverbs_destroy_ufile_hw+0x48/0x120 [ib_uverbs] ib_uverbs_close+0x2c/0x100 [ib_uverbs] __fput+0xd8/0x2f0 __fput_sync+0x50/0x70 __arm64_sys_close+0x40/0x90 invoke_syscall.constprop.0+0x74/0xd0 do_el0_svc+0x48/0xe8 el0_svc+0x44/0x1d0 el0t_64_sync_handler+0x120/0x130 el0t_64_sync+0x1a4/0x1a8

CVSS v3
5.5
EG Score
5.5(medium)
EG Risk
29(Track)
EG Risk 29/100SSVC: Track

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity55% × 45%
Exploitation0% × 40%
Automatability30% × 15%
Action: Routine — remediate on your standard cadence.
EPSS PROB
0%
EPSS %ILE
5%
KEV
Not listed

Published

July 3, 2025

Last Modified

August 5, 2026

Advisory Details (9)

Auto-updated Aug 2, 2026
Patch available.
generic Patch Available

[SECURITY] [DLA 4328-1] linux-6.1 security update

https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00008.html
generic Patch Available

[SECURITY] [DLA 4327-1] linux security update

https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00007.html
generic

RDMA/mlx5: Fix error flow upon firmware failure for RQ destruction - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f9784da76ad7be66230e829e743bdf68a2c49e56
generic

RDMA/mlx5: Fix error flow upon firmware failure for RQ destruction - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cf32affe6f3801cfb72a65e69c4bc7a8ee9be100
generic

RDMA/mlx5: Fix error flow upon firmware failure for RQ destruction - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7c4c84cdcc19e89d42f6bf117238e5471173423e
generic

RDMA/mlx5: Fix error flow upon firmware failure for RQ destruction - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5d2ea5aebbb2f3ebde4403f9c55b2b057e5dd2d6
generic

RDMA/mlx5: Fix error flow upon firmware failure for RQ destruction - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/50ac361ff8914133e3cf6ef184bac90c22cb8d79
generic

RDMA/mlx5: Fix error flow upon firmware failure for RQ destruction - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/26d2f662d3a6655a82fd8a287e8b1ce471567f36
generic

RDMA/mlx5: Fix error flow upon firmware failure for RQ destruction - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0a7790cbba654e925243571cf2f24d61603d3ed3

Patch Availability(31)

Vendor / EcosystemFixed in / PatchReleasedSource
ubuntulinux-virtual-hwe-24.04-edge (6.14.0-32.32) @ plucky2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-6.14 (6.14.0-1012.12) @ plucky2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-oem-6.14 (6.14.0-1012.12) @ noble2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-realtime-hwe-24.04-edge (6.14.0-1012.12~24.04.1) @ noble2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-raspi-6.14 (6.14.0-1014.14) @ plucky2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-lts-22.04 (5.15.0.1096.94) @ jammy2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-edge (5.15.0.1096.105~20.04.1) @ focal2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-nvidia-tegra-igx-rt-5.15 (5.15.0.1034.36) @ jammy2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-kvm-5.15 (5.15.0.1088.84) @ jammy2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-oracle-edge (6.14.0-1013.13~24.04.1) @ noble2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-xilinx-zynqmp-tools-5.15.0-1056 (5.15.0-1056.60) @ jammy2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-virtual-hwe-24.04-edge (6.14.0-32.32~24.04.1) @ noble2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-gcp-fips-5.15 (5.15.0.1092.82) @ jammy2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-oracle-edge (5.15.0.1090.96~20.04.1) @ focal2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-fips-5.15 (5.15.0.1096.81) @ jammy2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-realtime-5.15 (5.15.0.1092.96) @ jammy2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-virtual-6.8 (6.8.0-100.100) @ noble2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-realtime-hwe-22.04 (6.8.1-1041.42~22.04.1) @ jammy2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-gcp-edge (6.8.0-1047.50~22.04.2) @ jammy2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-realtime-6.8.1 (6.8.1-1041.42) @ noble2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-fips-6.8 (6.8.0-100.100+fips1) @ noble2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-oracle-lts-24.04 (6.8.0-1043.44) @ noble2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-gcp-fips-6.8 (6.8.0-1047.50+fips1) @ noble2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-virtual-hwe-22.04-edge (6.8.0-100.100~22.04.1) @ jammy2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-gke-64k-6.8 (6.8.0-1043.48) @ noble2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-lowlatency-hwe-20.04-edge (6.8.0-100.100.1) @ noble2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-nvidia-lowlatency-64k-6.8 (6.8.0-1046.49.1) @ noble2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-edge (6.8.0-1051.57~22.04.1) @ jammy2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-lts-24.04 (6.8.0-1046.52) @ noble2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-fips-6.8 (6.8.0-1046.52+fips1) @ noble2026-05-30ubuntu
linuxKernel @ 5.10.239—osv

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(5 across 4 ecosystems)
Debian:11(2)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
linux5.10.103-1 ... 5.10.92-2 (46 versions)5.10.244-1—
linux-6.16.1.106-3~deb11u1 ... 6.1.148-1~deb11u1 (11 versions)6.1.153-1~deb11u1—
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
linux6.1.106-1 ... 6.1.99-1 (41 versions)6.1.147-1—
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
linux—6.12.35-1—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
linux—6.12.35-1—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

All Vendor Advisories

(25)

Every vendor that published an advisory referencing this CVE — pulled from our cve_vendor_advisories aggregation. Click any row for the vendor's original advisory page.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 5× in last 7d / 26× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 142 total refreshes for this CVE.

  1. 2026-09-18 19:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-09-17 19:29 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-09-16 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-09-16 05:14 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-09-13 16:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-09-12 15:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-09-11 14:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-09-11 09:35 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-09-10 09:33 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-09-08 21:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-09-07 16:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  12. 2026-09-07 11:48 UTCOSV refresh
  13. 2026-09-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-09-04 05:05 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-09-02 14:11 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-09-01 13:53 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-08-30 19:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-08-30 01:21 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-08-28 21:40 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-08-27 14:24 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-08-26 14:45 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-08-25 13:48 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-08-23 00:18 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-08-21 23:48 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-08-20 22:54 UTCEPSS rescore
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-08-20 21:01 UTCOSV refresh
  2. 2026-08-19 17:03 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-08-19 17:03 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-08-18 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-08-17 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-08-16 14:55 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-08-16 02:13 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-08-15 01:29 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-08-13 21:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-08-12 13:50 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-08-09 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  12. 2026-08-08 16:36 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-08-07 16:26 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-08-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-08-05 13:06 UTCEG score recompute
  16. 2026-08-05 13:06 UTCVendor advisory
  17. 2026-08-05 13:06 UTCGHSA enrichment
  18. 2026-08-04 15:09 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-08-04 10:37 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-08-03 10:35 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-08-02 02:26 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-08-01 04:15 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-07-30 16:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-07-30 07:08 UTCEG score recompute
  25. 2026-07-30 07:08 UTCVendor advisory
  26. 2026-07-30 07:08 UTCGHSA enrichment
  27. 2026-07-30 01:29 UTCEPSS rescore
  28. 2026-07-28 15:35 UTCEPSS rescore
  29. 2026-07-26 14:54 UTCEPSS rescore
  30. 2026-07-25 14:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  31. 2026-07-25 14:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  32. 2026-07-24 14:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  33. 2026-07-24 01:41 UTCOSV refresh
  34. 2026-07-23 02:54 UTCEG score recompute
  35. 2026-07-22 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  36. 2026-07-22 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  37. 2026-07-21 15:24 UTCEPSS rescore
  38. 2026-07-20 17:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  39. 2026-07-19 14:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  40. 2026-07-19 14:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  41. 2026-07-18 10:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  42. 2026-07-18 10:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  43. 2026-07-16 17:02 UTCEPSS rescore
  44. 2026-07-15 16:57 UTCEPSS rescore
  45. 2026-07-15 16:57 UTCEPSS rescore
  46. 2026-07-15 01:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  47. 2026-07-15 01:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  48. 2026-07-13 22:29 UTCEPSS rescore
  49. 2026-07-13 22:29 UTCEPSS rescore
  50. 2026-07-13 06:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  51. 2026-07-12 05:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  52. 2026-07-11 08:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  53. 2026-07-11 08:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  54. 2026-07-09 19:09 UTCEPSS rescore
  55. 2026-07-09 19:09 UTCEPSS rescore
  56. 2026-07-07 13:45 UTCEPSS rescore
  57. 2026-07-06 20:04 UTCOSV refresh
  58. 2026-07-06 02:23 UTCEPSS rescore
  59. 2026-07-05 02:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  60. 2026-07-04 06:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  61. 2026-07-01 15:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  62. 2026-07-01 15:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  63. 2026-06-30 23:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  64. 2026-06-30 23:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  65. 2026-06-29 14:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  66. 2026-06-29 14:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  67. 2026-06-28 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  68. 2026-06-28 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  69. 2026-06-28 04:55 UTCEPSS rescore
  70. 2026-06-28 04:55 UTCEPSS rescore
  71. 2026-06-27 03:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  72. 2026-06-27 03:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  73. 2026-06-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  74. 2026-06-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  75. 2026-06-24 14:04 UTCEPSS rescore

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2025-38161?
CVE-2025-38161 is a medium vulnerability published on July 3, 2025. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: RDMA/mlx5: Fix error flow upon firmware failure for RQ destruction Upon RQ destruction if the firmware command fails which is the last resource to be destroyed some SW resources were already cleaned regardless of the failure. Now…
When was CVE-2025-38161 disclosed?
CVE-2025-38161 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on July 3, 2025, with the most recent update on August 5, 2026. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2025-38161 actively exploited?
CVE-2025-38161 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, which ranks it in the top 94.6% of all scored CVEs.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-38161?
CVE-2025-38161 has a CVSS v3 base score of 5.5 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2025-38161?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2025-38161, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

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