CVE-2025-3509

HIGHNVD 7.27.2—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

Score 7.2 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: HIGH) published 2025-04-18. NVD baseline CVSS 7.2; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: epss, ghsa, nvd
7.2EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixSerious severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet.
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 1%CVSS: 7.2Exploit: None knownExposed: 0

No vendor fix yet — apply a workaround or compensating control (WAF / firewall / segmentation) and watch for a patch.

A Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability was identified in GitHub Enterprise Server that allowed attackers to execute arbitrary code by exploiting the pre-receive hook functionality, potentially leading to privilege escalation and system compromise. The vulnerability involves using dynamically allocated ports that become temporarily available, such as during a hot patch upgrade. This means the vulnerability is only exploitable during specific operational conditions, which limits the attack window. Exploitation required either site administrator permissions to enable and configure pre-receive hooks or a user with permissions to modify repositories containing pre-receive hooks where this functionality was already enabled. This vulnerability affected all versions of GitHub Enterprise Server prior to 3.18 and was fixed in versions 3.17.1, 3.16.4, 3.15.8, 3.14.13, 3.13.16. This vulnerability was reported via the GitHub Bug Bounty program.

CVSS v3
7.2
EG Score
7.2(medium)
EG Risk
33(Track)
EG Risk 33/100SSVC: Track

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity72% × 45%
Exploitation1% × 40%
Automatability0% × 15%
Action: Routine — remediate on your standard cadence.
EPSS PROB
1%
EPSS %ILE
67%
KEV
Not listed

Published

April 17, 2025

Last Modified

September 5, 2025

References (5)

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 6× in last 7d / 38× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 101 total refreshes for this CVE.

  1. 2026-08-07 16:26 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-08-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-08-04 15:09 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-08-04 10:37 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-08-03 10:35 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-08-02 02:26 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-08-01 04:15 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-07-30 16:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-07-30 01:29 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-07-28 15:35 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-07-26 14:54 UTCEPSS rescore
  12. 2026-07-25 14:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-07-25 14:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-07-24 14:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-07-23 02:54 UTCEG score recompute
  16. 2026-07-22 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-07-22 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-07-21 15:24 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-07-20 17:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-07-19 14:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-07-19 14:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-07-19 02:28 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-07-19 02:28 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-07-18 10:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-07-18 10:04 UTCEPSS rescore
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  1. 2026-07-16 17:02 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-07-15 16:57 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-07-15 16:57 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-07-15 01:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-07-15 01:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-07-13 22:29 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-07-13 22:29 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-07-13 06:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-07-12 05:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-07-11 08:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-07-11 08:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  12. 2026-07-09 19:09 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-07-09 19:09 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-07-07 13:45 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-07-06 16:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-07-06 16:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-07-06 02:23 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-07-05 02:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-07-04 06:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-07-01 15:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-07-01 15:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-06-30 23:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-06-30 23:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-06-29 14:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-06-29 14:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  26. 2026-06-28 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  27. 2026-06-28 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  28. 2026-06-28 04:55 UTCEPSS rescore
  29. 2026-06-28 04:55 UTCEPSS rescore
  30. 2026-06-27 03:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  31. 2026-06-27 03:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  32. 2026-06-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  33. 2026-06-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  34. 2026-06-24 14:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  35. 2026-06-24 14:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  36. 2026-06-23 21:32 UTCEPSS rescore
  37. 2026-06-23 21:32 UTCEPSS rescore
  38. 2026-06-22 14:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  39. 2026-06-22 14:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  40. 2026-06-21 14:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  41. 2026-06-21 14:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  42. 2026-06-21 01:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  43. 2026-06-21 01:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  44. 2026-06-19 19:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  45. 2026-06-19 19:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  46. 2026-06-18 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  47. 2026-06-18 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  48. 2026-06-17 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  49. 2026-06-16 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  50. 2026-06-16 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  51. 2026-06-14 23:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  52. 2026-06-13 23:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  53. 2026-06-12 23:11 UTCEPSS rescore
  54. 2026-06-11 14:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  55. 2026-06-10 22:18 UTCEPSS rescore
  56. 2026-06-10 13:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  57. 2026-06-08 14:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  58. 2026-06-08 14:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  59. 2026-06-07 15:24 UTCEPSS rescore
  60. 2026-06-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  61. 2026-06-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  62. 2026-06-05 22:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  63. 2026-06-05 22:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  64. 2026-06-05 06:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  65. 2026-06-05 06:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  66. 2026-06-04 13:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  67. 2026-06-04 13:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  68. 2026-06-02 20:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  69. 2026-06-01 13:51 UTCEPSS rescore
  70. 2026-06-01 13:51 UTCEPSS rescore
  71. 2026-05-31 22:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  72. 2026-05-31 22:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  73. 2026-05-31 00:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  74. 2026-05-30 07:09 UTCEG score recompute
  75. 2026-05-30 07:09 UTCGHSA enrichment

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Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2025-3509?
CVE-2025-3509 is a high vulnerability published on April 17, 2025. A Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability was identified in GitHub Enterprise Server that allowed attackers to execute arbitrary code by exploiting the pre-receive hook functionality, potentially leading to privilege escalation and system compromise. The vulnerability involves using dynamically…
When was CVE-2025-3509 disclosed?
CVE-2025-3509 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on April 17, 2025, with the most recent update on September 5, 2025. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2025-3509 actively exploited?
CVE-2025-3509 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 1% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, which ranks it in the top 33.5% of all scored CVEs.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-3509?
CVE-2025-3509 has a CVSS v3 base score of 7.2 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2025-3509?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2025-3509, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

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