CVE-2025-31197

MEDIUMNVD 5.75.7
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

This medium-severity CVE scores 5.7 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 0.3% (21st percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs). GitHub Security Advisory CVSS 5.5 is lower than this score; a lower GitHub score revises it only when its advisory is newer than the CVE record's last change, and this advisory (published 2025-04-29) is not newer than that change (2026-07-25), so it does not.

Triggered by: Headline CVSS from NVD CVSS v3
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3
5.7EG
EchelonGraph verdictMonitorRemediate within your standard update timelines (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • Lower severity and no public exploit yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.3%CVSS: 5.7Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

The CVE record names the fixed release — apply it.

The issue was addressed with improved checks. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.4 and iPadOS 18.4, iPadOS 17.7.6, macOS Sequoia 15.4, macOS Sonoma 14.7.5, macOS Ventura 13.7.5, tvOS 18.4, visionOS 2.4. An attacker on the local network may cause an unexpected app termination.

CVSS v3
5.7
EG Score
5.7MEDIUMmedium confidence
EG Risk
26
EG Risk 26/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity57% × 45%
The EG Score, 5.7 of 10.
Exploitation0.3% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at every mission impact level.
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: The CVE record names the fixed release. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
EPSS PROB
0.3%
EPSS %ILE
21st
KEV
Not listed

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at every mission impact level.

The CVE record names the fixed release. Apply it within your standard update timelines.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

April 29, 2025

Last Modified

July 25, 2026

Advisory Details (7)

Auto-updated Jul 25, 2026
Fix named in the CVE record.
Web page

About the security content of visionOS 2.4 - Apple Support

https://support.apple.com/en-us/122378
Web page

About the security content of tvOS 18.4 - Apple Support

https://support.apple.com/en-us/122377
Web page

About the security content of macOS Ventura 13.7.5 - Apple Support

https://support.apple.com/en-us/122375
Web page

About the security content of macOS Sonoma 14.7.5 - Apple Support

https://support.apple.com/en-us/122374
Web page

About the security content of macOS Sequoia 15.4 - Apple Support

https://support.apple.com/en-us/122373
Web page

About the security content of iPadOS 17.7.6 - Apple Support

https://support.apple.com/en-us/122372
Web page

About the security content of iOS 18.4 and iPadOS 18.4 - Apple Support

https://support.apple.com/en-us/122371

Weakness Classification(2)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 11× in last 7d / 27× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 87 of 185 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 13 repeat rows among the latest 100 are merged into the row they repeat. The 98 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-10-13 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  2. 2026-10-12 17:12 UTCEG score recompute
  3. 2026-10-12 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  4. 2026-10-11 20:44 UTCEG score recompute
  5. 2026-10-11 18:54 UTCEG score recompute
  6. 2026-10-11 15:32 UTCEG score recompute
  7. 2026-10-11 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  8. 2026-10-10 19:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  9. 2026-10-09 20:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  10. 2026-10-08 17:09 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  11. 2026-10-07 23:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  12. 2026-10-06 15:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  13. 2026-10-05 17:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  14. 2026-10-04 23:21 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  15. 2026-10-03 14:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  16. 2026-10-01 19:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  17. 2026-09-30 15:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  18. 2026-09-29 15:19 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  19. 2026-09-28 13:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  20. 2026-09-26 15:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  21. 2026-09-26 00:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  22. 2026-09-24 14:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 19th percentile
  23. 2026-09-23 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  24. 2026-09-20 20:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  25. 2026-09-18 19:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
Show 62 more
  1. 2026-09-16 14:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  2. 2026-09-16 05:13 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  3. 2026-09-13 16:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  4. 2026-09-12 15:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  5. 2026-09-11 14:52 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  6. 2026-09-11 09:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  7. 2026-09-10 09:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  8. 2026-09-08 21:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  9. 2026-09-07 16:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  10. 2026-09-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  11. 2026-09-04 05:05 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  12. 2026-09-02 14:11 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  13. 2026-09-01 13:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  14. 2026-08-30 19:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  15. 2026-08-30 01:21 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  16. 2026-08-28 21:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  17. 2026-08-26 14:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  18. 2026-08-25 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  19. 2026-08-24 14:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  20. 2026-08-23 00:18 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  21. 2026-08-21 23:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  22. 2026-08-19 17:03 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  23. 2026-08-18 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  24. 2026-08-17 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  25. 2026-08-16 14:55 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  26. 2026-08-16 02:13 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  27. 2026-08-15 01:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  28. 2026-08-13 21:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  29. 2026-08-12 13:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  30. 2026-08-10 23:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  31. 2026-08-09 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  32. 2026-08-07 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  33. 2026-08-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  34. 2026-08-05 19:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  35. 2026-08-04 15:09 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  36. 2026-08-04 10:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  37. 2026-08-02 02:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  38. 2026-08-01 04:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  39. 2026-07-30 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 18th percentile
  40. 2026-07-30 01:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 18th percentile
  41. 2026-07-28 15:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 18th percentile
  42. 2026-07-27 14:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 18th percentile
  43. 2026-07-26 14:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 18th percentile
  44. 2026-07-26 09:40 UTCEG score recompute
  45. 2026-07-26 09:40 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j8hf-p5v4-xpj9 · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  46. 2026-07-25 14:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 18th percentile
  47. 2026-07-24 14:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 18th percentile
  48. 2026-07-23 02:53 UTCEG score recompute▲ 0.20
  49. 2026-07-22 14:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 18th percentile
  50. 2026-07-20 17:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 18th percentile
  51. 2026-07-19 14:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 16th percentile
  52. 2026-07-19 02:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 16th percentile
  53. 2026-07-18 10:04 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 16th percentile
  54. 2026-07-16 17:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 16th percentile
  55. 2026-07-15 16:57 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 16th percentile
  56. 2026-07-15 01:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 16th percentile
  57. 2026-07-13 22:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 16th percentile
  58. 2026-07-13 06:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 16th percentile
  59. 2026-07-12 05:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 16th percentile
  60. 2026-07-11 08:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 16th percentile
  61. 2026-07-09 19:09 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 16th percentile
  62. 2026-07-08 15:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 16th percentile

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Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2025-31197?
CVE-2025-31197 is a medium-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on April 29, 2025. The issue was addressed with improved checks. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.4 and iPadOS 18.4, iPadOS 17.7.6, macOS Sequoia 15.4, macOS Sonoma 14.7.5, macOS Ventura 13.7.5, tvOS 18.4, visionOS 2.4. An attacker on the local network may cause an unexpected app termination.
When was the CVE record for CVE-2025-31197 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2025-31197 was published on April 29, 2025. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of July 25, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2025-31197 actively exploited?
CVE-2025-31197 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.3% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (21st percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-31197?
CVE-2025-31197 has a CVSS v3 base score of 5.7 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2025-31197?
The CVE record for CVE-2025-31197 names the fix: "This issue is fixed in iOS 18.4 and iPadOS 18.4, iPadOS 17.7.6, macOS Sequoia 15.4, macOS Sonoma 14.7.5, macOS Ventura 13.7.5, tvOS 18.4, visionOS 2.4."

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