CVE-2025-21999

HIGHPre-NVD 7.87.8—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

Score 7.8 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: HIGH) published 2025-04-03. NVD baseline CVSS 7.8; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: epss, ghsa, nvd
7.8
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixSerious severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet.
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS: 0%CVSS: 7.8Exploit: NoneExposed: 0

A fix is available — apply it.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

proc: fix UAF in proc_get_inode()

Fix race between rmmod and /proc/XXX's inode instantiation.

The bug is that pde->proc_ops don't belong to /proc, it belongs to a module, therefore dereferencing it after /proc entry has been registered is a bug unless use_pde/unuse_pde() pair has been used.

use_pde/unuse_pde can be avoided (2 atomic ops!) because pde->proc_ops never changes so information necessary for inode instantiation can be saved _before_ proc_register() in PDE itself and used later, avoiding pde->proc_ops->... dereference.

rmmod lookup sys_delete_module proc_lookup_de pde_get(de); proc_get_inode(dir->i_sb, de); mod->exit() proc_remove remove_proc_subtree proc_entry_rundown(de); free_module(mod);

if (S_ISREG(inode->i_mode)) if (de->proc_ops->proc_read_iter) --> As module is already freed, will trigger UAF

BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: fffffbfff80a702b PGD 817fc4067 P4D 817fc4067 PUD 817fc0067 PMD 102ef4067 PTE 0 Oops: Oops: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP KASAN PTI CPU: 26 UID: 0 PID: 2667 Comm: ls Tainted: G Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996) RIP: 0010:proc_get_inode+0x302/0x6e0 RSP: 0018:ffff88811c837998 EFLAGS: 00010a06 RAX: dffffc0000000000 RBX: ffffffffc0538140 RCX: 0000000000000007 RDX: 1ffffffff80a702b RSI: 0000000000000001 RDI: ffffffffc0538158 RBP: ffff8881299a6000 R08: 0000000067bbe1e5 R09: 1ffff11023906f20 R10: ffffffffb560ca07 R11: ffffffffb2b43a58 R12: ffff888105bb78f0 R13: ffff888100518048 R14: ffff8881299a6004 R15: 0000000000000001 FS: 00007f95b9686840(0000) GS:ffff8883af100000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: fffffbfff80a702b CR3: 0000000117dd2000 CR4: 00000000000006f0 DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000 DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400 Call Trace: proc_lookup_de+0x11f/0x2e0 __lookup_slow+0x188/0x350 walk_component+0x2ab/0x4f0 path_lookupat+0x120/0x660 filename_lookup+0x1ce/0x560 vfs_statx+0xac/0x150 __do_sys_newstat+0x96/0x110 do_syscall_64+0x5f/0x170 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e

[[email protected]: don't do 2 atomic ops on the common path]

CVSS v3
7.8
EG Score
7.8(medium)
EPSS
9.9%
KEV
Not listed

Published

April 3, 2025

Last Modified

July 14, 2026

Advisory Details (10)

Auto-updated Jul 14, 2026
Patch available.
generic

SSA-019113

https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-019113.html
generic Patch Available

[SECURITY] [DLA 4193-1] linux-6.1 security update

https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00045.html
generic Patch Available

[SECURITY] [DLA 4178-1] linux security update

https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00030.html
generic

proc: fix UAF in proc_get_inode() - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ede3e8ac90ae106f0b29cd759aadebc1568f1308
generic

proc: fix UAF in proc_get_inode() - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/eda279586e571b05dff44d48e05f8977ad05855d
generic

proc: fix UAF in proc_get_inode() - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/966f331403dc3ed04ff64eaf3930cf1267965e53
generic

proc: fix UAF in proc_get_inode() - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/654b33ada4ab5e926cd9c570196fefa7bec7c1df
generic

proc: fix UAF in proc_get_inode() - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/64dc7c68e040251d9ec6e989acb69f8f6ae4a10b
generic

proc: fix UAF in proc_get_inode() - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/63b53198aff2e4e6c5866a4ff73c7891f958ffa4
generic

proc: fix UAF in proc_get_inode() - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4b0b8445b6fd41e6f62ac90547a0ea9d348de3fa

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2025-21999(6)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Patch Availability(30)

Vendor / EcosystemFixed in / PatchReleasedSource
ubuntulinux-virtual-hwe-20.04-edge (5.15.0.142.137) @ jammy2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-virtual-hwe-24.04-edge (6.11.0-28.28) @ oracular2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-oem-24.04b (6.11.0-1024.24) @ noble2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-realtime (5.15.0.1086.90) @ jammy2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-aws-lts-22.04 (5.15.0.1086.89) @ jammy2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-xilinx-zynqmp-tools-host (5.15.0-1050.54) @ jammy2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-fips (5.15.0.1091.76) @ jammy2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-gcp-fips (5.15.0.1085.75) @ jammy2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-intel-iotg (5.15.0.1081.81) @ jammy2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-edge (5.15.0.1091.100~20.04.1) @ focal2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-6.11 (6.11.0-1018.18) @ oracular2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-raspi-nolpae (5.15.0.1080.78) @ jammy2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-intel-iotg-edge (5.15.0.1083.89~20.04.1) @ focal2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-virtual-6.8 (6.8.0-84.84) @ noble2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-nvidia-lowlatency-64k-6.8 (6.8.0-1039.42.1) @ noble2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-gcp-edge (6.8.0-1040.42~22.04.1) @ jammy2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-realtime-6.8.1 (6.8.1-1034.35) @ noble2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-ibm-lts-24.04 (6.8.0-1037.37) @ noble2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-realtime-hwe-22.04 (6.8.1-1034.35~22.04.1) @ jammy2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-virtual-hwe-22.04-edge (6.8.0-84.84~22.04.1) @ jammy2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-raspi-6.8 (6.8.0-1039.43) @ noble2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-raspi-realtime-6.8 (6.8.0-2031.32) @ noble2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-virtual-hwe-22.04-edge (6.8.0-85.85~22.04.1) @ jammy2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-lts-24.04 (6.8.0-1038.44) @ noble2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-oracle-lts-24.04 (6.8.0-1037.38) @ noble2026-05-30ubuntu
redhatkernel-0:5.14.0-427.127.1.el9_42026-05-27redhat
redhatkernel-0:5.14.0-284.172.1.el9_22026-05-26redhat
redhatkernel-rt-0:5.14.0-284.172.1.rt14.457.el9_22026-05-20redhat
redhatkernel-0:6.12.0-55.18.1.el10_02025-06-23redhat
redhatkernel-0:5.14.0-570.22.1.el9_62025-06-16redhat

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Additional Vendor Advisories

(20)

Vendors that published advisories for this CVE beyond the curated set above. Broader coverage but minimal per-row detail — click through for the original advisory.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 12× in last 7d / 50× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

  1. 2026-07-15 16:57 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-07-15 16:57 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-07-15 01:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-07-13 22:29 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-07-13 22:29 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-07-13 06:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-07-13 06:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-07-12 05:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-07-12 05:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-07-11 08:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-07-11 08:26 UTCEPSS rescore
  12. 2026-07-09 19:09 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-07-08 15:14 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-07-07 13:45 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-07-07 05:51 UTCOSV refresh
  16. 2026-07-06 16:26 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-07-06 02:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-07-06 02:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-07-05 02:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-07-04 06:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-07-01 15:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-06-30 23:21 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-06-30 23:21 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-06-29 14:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-06-28 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
Show 56 more
  1. 2026-06-28 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-06-28 04:55 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-06-28 04:55 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-06-27 03:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-06-27 03:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-06-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-06-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-06-24 14:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-06-24 14:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-06-23 21:32 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-06-23 21:32 UTCEPSS rescore
  12. 2026-06-22 14:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-06-22 14:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-06-21 14:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-06-21 14:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-06-21 01:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-06-21 01:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-06-19 19:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-06-19 19:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-06-18 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-06-18 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-06-18 16:43 UTCOSV refresh
  23. 2026-06-17 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-06-16 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-06-16 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  26. 2026-06-15 17:48 UTCEPSS rescore
  27. 2026-06-14 23:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  28. 2026-06-13 22:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  29. 2026-06-12 23:11 UTCEPSS rescore
  30. 2026-06-11 13:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  31. 2026-06-10 22:18 UTCEPSS rescore
  32. 2026-06-10 13:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  33. 2026-06-08 14:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  34. 2026-06-08 14:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  35. 2026-06-07 15:24 UTCEPSS rescore
  36. 2026-06-07 15:24 UTCEPSS rescore
  37. 2026-06-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  38. 2026-06-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  39. 2026-06-05 22:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  40. 2026-06-05 22:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  41. 2026-06-05 06:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  42. 2026-06-05 06:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  43. 2026-06-04 13:11 UTCEPSS rescore
  44. 2026-06-04 13:11 UTCEPSS rescore
  45. 2026-06-02 20:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  46. 2026-06-02 20:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  47. 2026-06-01 13:51 UTCEPSS rescore
  48. 2026-06-01 13:51 UTCEPSS rescore
  49. 2026-05-31 22:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  50. 2026-05-31 22:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  51. 2026-05-31 00:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  52. 2026-05-31 00:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  53. 2026-05-30 08:16 UTCEG score recompute
  54. 2026-05-30 08:16 UTCVendor advisory
  55. 2026-05-30 08:15 UTCGHSA enrichment
  56. 2026-05-29 13:44 UTCEPSS rescore

Related CVEs(same vendor + same CWE)

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2025-21999?
CVE-2025-21999 is a high vulnerability published on April 3, 2025. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: proc: fix UAF in procgetinode() Fix race between rmmod and /proc/XXX's inode instantiation. The bug is that pde->proc_ops don't belong to /proc, it belongs to a module, therefore dereferencing it after /proc entry has been…
When was CVE-2025-21999 disclosed?
CVE-2025-21999 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on April 3, 2025, with the most recent update on July 14, 2026. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2025-21999 actively exploited?
CVE-2025-21999 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 9.9% percentile likelihood of exploitation in the next 30 days — higher percentiles indicate greater predicted risk.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-21999?
CVE-2025-21999 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 (CISA-ADP / Vulnrichment enrichment; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2025-21999?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2025-21999, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

Dependency Blast Radius

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