CVE-2025-21491

MEDIUMNVD 4.94.9—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

Score 4.9 from GitHub Security Advisory published 2025-01-21. NVD baseline CVSS 4.9; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: epss, ghsa, nvd
4.9
EchelonGraph verdictMonitorLow exploitation likelihood right now — keep watching.
  • Lower severity and no public exploit yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS: 1%CVSS: 4.9Exploit: NoneExposed: 0

A fix is available — apply it.

Vulnerability in the MySQL Server product of Oracle MySQL (component: InnoDB). Supported versions that are affected are 8.0.40 and prior, 8.4.3 and prior and 9.1.0 and prior. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows high privileged attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise MySQL Server. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a hang or frequently repeatable crash (complete DOS) of MySQL Server. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 4.9 (Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

CVSS v3
4.9
EG Score
4.9(medium)
EG Risk
22(Track)
EG Risk 22/100SSVC: Track

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity49% × 45%
Exploitation1% × 40%
Automatability0% × 15%
Action: Routine — remediate on your standard cadence.
EPSS
58.1%
KEV
Not listed

Published

January 21, 2025

Last Modified

November 3, 2025

References (2)

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2025-21491(2)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Patch Availability(3)

Vendor / EcosystemFixed in / PatchReleasedSource
ubuntumysql-testsuite-8.0 (8.0.41-0ubuntu0.24.04.1) @ noble2026-05-30ubuntu
redhatmysql:8.0-8100020250212154709.489197e62025-02-19redhat
redhatmysql-0:8.0.41-2.el9_52025-02-19redhat

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Additional Vendor Advisories

(1)

Vendors that published advisories for this CVE beyond the curated set above. Broader coverage but minimal per-row detail — click through for the original advisory.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 11× in last 7d / 47× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

  1. 2026-07-23 02:50 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-07-22 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-07-22 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-07-21 15:24 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-07-20 17:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-07-19 14:30 UTCEPSS rescore
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  8. 2026-07-19 02:28 UTCEPSS rescore
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  10. 2026-07-18 10:03 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-07-16 17:02 UTCEPSS rescore
  12. 2026-07-15 16:57 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-07-15 16:57 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-07-15 01:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-07-13 22:29 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-07-13 22:29 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-07-13 06:12 UTCEPSS rescore
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  19. 2026-07-12 05:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-07-12 05:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-07-11 08:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-07-11 08:26 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-07-09 19:09 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-07-08 15:14 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-07-07 13:45 UTCEPSS rescore
Show 68 more
  1. 2026-07-07 12:51 UTCOSV refresh
  2. 2026-07-06 16:26 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-07-06 02:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-07-06 02:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-07-05 02:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-07-04 06:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-07-01 15:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-06-30 23:21 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-06-30 23:21 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-06-29 14:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-06-28 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  12. 2026-06-28 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-06-28 04:55 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-06-28 04:55 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-06-27 03:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-06-27 03:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-06-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-06-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-06-24 14:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-06-24 14:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-06-23 21:32 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-06-23 21:32 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-06-22 14:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-06-22 14:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-06-21 14:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  26. 2026-06-21 14:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  27. 2026-06-21 01:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  28. 2026-06-21 01:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  29. 2026-06-19 19:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  30. 2026-06-19 19:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  31. 2026-06-19 00:05 UTCOSV refresh
  32. 2026-06-18 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  33. 2026-06-18 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  34. 2026-06-17 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  35. 2026-06-16 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  36. 2026-06-16 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  37. 2026-06-15 17:48 UTCEPSS rescore
  38. 2026-06-14 23:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  39. 2026-06-13 22:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  40. 2026-06-12 23:11 UTCEPSS rescore
  41. 2026-06-11 13:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  42. 2026-06-10 22:18 UTCEPSS rescore
  43. 2026-06-10 13:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  44. 2026-06-08 14:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  45. 2026-06-08 14:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  46. 2026-06-07 15:24 UTCEPSS rescore
  47. 2026-06-07 15:24 UTCEPSS rescore
  48. 2026-06-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  49. 2026-06-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  50. 2026-06-05 22:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  51. 2026-06-05 22:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  52. 2026-06-05 06:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  53. 2026-06-05 06:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  54. 2026-06-04 13:11 UTCEPSS rescore
  55. 2026-06-04 13:11 UTCEPSS rescore
  56. 2026-06-02 20:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  57. 2026-06-02 20:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  58. 2026-06-01 13:51 UTCEPSS rescore
  59. 2026-06-01 13:51 UTCEPSS rescore
  60. 2026-05-31 22:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  61. 2026-05-31 22:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  62. 2026-05-31 00:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  63. 2026-05-31 00:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  64. 2026-05-30 12:59 UTCEG score recompute
  65. 2026-05-30 12:59 UTCVendor advisory
  66. 2026-05-30 12:59 UTCGHSA enrichment
  67. 2026-05-30 07:23 UTCOSV refresh
  68. 2026-05-29 13:44 UTCEPSS rescore

Related CVEs(same vendor + same CWE)

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2025-21491?
CVE-2025-21491 is a medium vulnerability published on January 21, 2025. Vulnerability in the MySQL Server product of Oracle MySQL (component: InnoDB). Supported versions that are affected are 8.0.40 and prior, 8.4.3 and prior and 9.1.0 and prior. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows high privileged attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise…
When was CVE-2025-21491 disclosed?
CVE-2025-21491 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on January 21, 2025, with the most recent update on November 3, 2025. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2025-21491 actively exploited?
CVE-2025-21491 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 58.1% percentile likelihood of exploitation in the next 30 days — higher percentiles indicate greater predicted risk.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-21491?
CVE-2025-21491 has a CVSS v3 base score of 4.9 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2025-21491?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2025-21491, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

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