CVE-2025-12695

MEDIUMNVD 5.95.9—Elevated

5.9

The overly permissive sandbox configuration in DSPy allows attackers to steal sensitive files in cases when users build an AI agent which consumes user input and uses the “PythonInterpreter” class.

CVSS v3: 5.9
EG Score: 5.9(medium)
EPSS: 1.8%
KEV: Not listed

Published

November 4, 2025

Last Modified

April 15, 2026

References (1)

reefs@jfroghttps://research.jfrog.com/vulnerabilities/dspy-sandbox-escape-arbitrary-file-read-jfsa-2025-001495652/

Patch Availability(1)

Vendor / Ecosystem	Fixed in / Patch	Released	Source
pip	dspy	—	ghsa

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(1 across 1 ecosystem)

PyPI(1)

Package	Vulnerable range	Fixed in	Dependents
dspy	0.0.1 ... 3.0.3 (96 versions)	—	—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

CWE-653

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 13× in last 7d / 20× in last 30d)

Every time one of our enrichment pipelines (NVD, MITRE cvelistV5, EPSS, CISA KEV, GHSA, OSV, vendor advisories) ran against this CVE. Most recent first.

2026-06-02 20:12 UTCepss_batch
2026-06-02 20:12 UTCepss_batch
2026-06-01 13:51 UTCepss_batch
2026-06-01 13:51 UTCepss_batch
2026-05-31 22:30 UTCepss_batch
2026-05-31 22:30 UTCepss_batch
2026-05-31 00:16 UTCepss_batch
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2026-05-29 13:44 UTCepss_batch
2026-05-28 13:44 UTCepss_batch
2026-05-28 13:44 UTCepss_batch
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2026-05-28 13:44 UTCepss_batch
2026-05-27 13:40 UTCepss_batch
2026-05-27 13:40 UTCepss_batch
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2026-05-26 13:43 UTCepss_batch
2026-05-26 13:43 UTCepss_batch
2026-05-26 13:43 UTCepss_batch

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2025-12695?

CVE-2025-12695 is a medium vulnerability published on November 4, 2025. The overly permissive sandbox configuration in DSPy allows attackers to steal sensitive files in cases when users build an AI agent which consumes user input and uses the “PythonInterpreter” class.

When was CVE-2025-12695 disclosed?

CVE-2025-12695 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on November 4, 2025, with the most recent update on April 15, 2026. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.

Is CVE-2025-12695 actively exploited?

CVE-2025-12695 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 1.8% percentile likelihood of exploitation in the next 30 days — higher percentiles indicate greater predicted risk.

What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-12695?

CVE-2025-12695 has a CVSS v3 base score of 5.9 (NVD).

How do I remediate CVE-2025-12695?

Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2025-12695, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

Dependency Blast Radius

See which npm, PyPI, Go, and Maven packages are affected by CVE-2025-12695

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