A vulnerability was found in D-Link DIR-823X 250416. The affected element is an unknown function of the file /goform/set_wifi_blacklists. The manipulation of the argument macList results in command injection. The attack may be performed from remote. The exploit has been made public and could be used.
CVE-2025-11098
HIGHNVD 8.88.8Trending — 3 sources updated this weekElevatedEG-KEV Tier 3: ElevatedEG-KEV is EchelonGraph's own tiering of exploitation signals from CISA KEV, CISA's SSVC data (Vulnrichment), ransomware data, public exploit-code references and EPSS.Tier 3 is not evidence of exploitation. It means public exploit code is referenced, or CISA's SSVC data says "public PoC", or EPSS ranks the CVE in the top 5%.Signals for this CVE: CISA's SSVC exploitation value: public PoC.EchelonGraph confidence 38%: a heuristic from the tier and the number of signals, not a measured probability.
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence
“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.
This high-severity CVE scores 8.8 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 3.9% (90th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs). GitHub Security Advisory CVSS 6.3 is lower than this score; a lower GitHub score revises it only when its advisory is newer than the CVE record's last change, and this advisory (published 2025-09-28) is not newer than that change (2026-10-09), so it does not.
Triggered by: Headline CVSS from NVD CVSS v3
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3
Also known asEUVD-2025-31453 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-vwgw-6wwr-6wq4 (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD
8.8EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan mitigationNo fix is confirmed yet: check with the vendor for a fixed release; until one is applied, restrict network exposure of the affected system on your normal schedule at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high (the SSVC decision on this page).
- CISA's Vulnrichment rates exploitation as PoC; EchelonGraph holds no exploit-code reference for it
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 3.9%CVSS: 8.8Exploit: No code on recordExposed services: Not assessed
No fix is confirmed yet — apply a workaround or compensating control (WAF / firewall / segmentation) and watch for the fix.
- CVSS v3
- 8.8
- EG Score
- 8.8HIGHmedium confidence
- EG Risk
- 71EG Risk 71/100
EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.
How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)Severity88% × 45%Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 8.8 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.Exploitation40% × 40%EchelonGraph's fixed weight for EG-KEV Tier 3 (Elevated): a constant, not a probability.Automatability100% × 15%CISA's SSVC Automatable value: yes (Vulnrichment).SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.Action: No fix is confirmed yet. Check with the vendor for a fixed release; until one is applied, restrict network exposure of the affected system on your normal schedule at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high. - EPSS PROB
- 3.9%
- EPSS %ILE
- 90th
- KEV
- Not listed
What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)
The EG score (8.8): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 8.8 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.
- EG Severity
- 8.8 HIGHCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.NVD CVSS v3 · CVSS v3.0 or v3.1
- EG Likelihood
- 3.9% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-03). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
- Confirmed exploitation
- None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
- EG Priority
- SSVC Track* at medium mission impactTrack at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.CISA BOD 26-04: 3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.No released fix is confirmed on this page, but CISA's timeline does not wait for a fix's release: it starts when an agency identifies the flaw on an asset and updates the CDM Agency and Federal Dashboard, and the directive counts patching, decommissioning the system or another action as remediation. Until a fixed release is applied, mitigate as this page's verdict says.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.
No fix is confirmed yet. Check with the vendor for a fixed release; until one is applied, restrict network exposure of the affected system on your normal schedule at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table
BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.
No released fix is confirmed on this page, but CISA's timeline does not wait for a fix's release: it starts when an agency identifies the flaw on an asset and updates the CDM Agency and Federal Dashboard, and the directive counts patching, decommissioning the system or another action as remediation. Until a fixed release is applied, mitigate as this page's verdict says.
The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it
Published
September 28, 2025
Last Modified
October 9, 2026
Advisory Details (2)
Auto-updated Oct 1, 2026No fix on record yet.
Web page
dink/set_wifi_blacklists.md at main · n1ptune/dink · GitHub
https://github.com/n1ptune/dink/blob/main/set_wifi_blacklists.mdRelated CVEs(same CWE)
Same CWE
10 shownCWE-74
- CVE-2025-11099EG 8.8EPSS p91HIGH
- CVE-2025-11100EG 8.8EPSS p91HIGH
- CVE-2025-11101EG 9.8CRITICAL
- CVE-2025-11097EG 8.8EPSS p91HIGH
- CVE-2025-11096EG 8.8EPSS p91HIGH
- CVE-2025-11095EG 8.8EPSS p90HIGH
- CVE-2025-11094EG 9.8CRITICAL
- CVE-2025-11102EG 9.8CRITICAL
- CVE-2025-11092EG 8.8EPSS p91HIGH
- CVE-2025-11090EG 8.8HIGH
Frequently asked(5)
What is CVE-2025-11098?
CVE-2025-11098 is a high-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on September 28, 2025. A vulnerability was found in D-Link DIR-823X 250416. The affected element is an unknown function of the file /goform/set_wifi_blacklists. The manipulation of the argument macList results in command injection. The attack may be performed from remote. The exploit has been made public and could be…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2025-11098 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2025-11098 was published on September 28, 2025. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of October 9, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2025-11098 actively exploited?
CVE-2025-11098 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 3.9% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (90th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-11098?
CVE-2025-11098 has a CVSS v3 base score of 8.8 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2025-11098?
No fix for CVE-2025-11098 is confirmed yet. Until one is published, restrict network exposure of the affected system — for example, keep it off the internet or limit it to trusted networks — and watch for a fix.
Dependency Blast Radius
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