CVE-2024-5594

CRITICALNVD 9.19.1
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

Score 9.1 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: CRITICAL) published 2025-01-06. NVD baseline CVSS 9.1; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3
Trending — 4 sources updated this week

Also known asEUVD-2024-47154 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-f2h8-4w6p-535w (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

9.1EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.8%CVSS: 9.1Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

OpenVPN before 2.6.11 does not santize PUSH_REPLY messages properly which an attacker controlling the server can use to inject unexpected arbitrary data ending up in client logs.

CVSS v3
9.1
EG Score
9.1CRITICALmedium confidence
EG Risk
56
EG Risk 56/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity91% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 9.1 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation0.8% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability100% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: yes (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
EPSS PROB
0.8%
EPSS %ILE
57th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (9.1): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.1 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
9.1 CRITICALCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
0.8% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-30). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.Each input and its source: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.

In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

January 6, 2025

Last Modified

November 3, 2025

Advisory Details (2)

Auto-updated Aug 1, 2026
Patch available.
Web pageMentions a patch (unverified)

[SECURITY] [DLA 4079-1] openvpn security update

https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00005.html
Web page

[Openvpn-users] OpenVPN 2.6.11 released

https://www.mail-archive.com/[email protected]/msg07634.html

Patch Availability(2)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
ubuntuopenvpn (2.3.2-7ubuntu3.2+esm2) @ trusty2026-10-30ubuntu
ubuntuopenvpn (2.6.9-1ubuntu4.1) @ noble2026-10-30ubuntu

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(12 across 12 ecosystems)
Alpine:v3.17(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
openvpn—
  • 2.6.0 up to 2.5.10-r1: fixed in 2.5.10-r1
—
Alpine:v3.18(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
openvpn—
  • 2.6.0 up to 2.6.11-r0: fixed in 2.6.11-r0
—
Alpine:v3.19(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
openvpn—
  • 2.6.0 up to 2.6.11-r0: fixed in 2.6.11-r0
—
Alpine:v3.20(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
openvpn—
  • 2.6.0 up to 2.6.11-r0: fixed in 2.6.11-r0
—
Alpine:v3.21(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
openvpn—
  • 2.6.0 up to 2.6.11-r0: fixed in 2.6.11-r0
—
Alpine:v3.22(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
openvpn—
  • 2.6.0 up to 2.6.11-r0: fixed in 2.6.11-r0
—
Alpine:v3.23(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
openvpn—
  • 2.6.0 up to 2.6.11-r0: fixed in 2.6.11-r0
—
Alpine:v3.24(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
openvpn—
  • 2.6.0 up to 2.6.11-r0: fixed in 2.6.11-r0
—
Debian:11(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
openvpn2.5.1-3
  • every version up to 2.5.1-3+deb11u1: fixed in 2.5.1-3+deb11u1
—
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
openvpn2.6.3-1, 2.6.3-1+deb12u1, 2.6.3-1+deb12u1~bpo11+1, 2.6.3-1+deb12u2, 2.6.3-1+deb12u2~bpo11+1
  • every version up to 2.6.3-1+deb12u3: fixed in 2.6.3-1+deb12u3
—
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
openvpn—
  • every version up to 2.6.11-1: fixed in 2.6.11-1
—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
openvpn—
  • every version up to 2.6.11-1: fixed in 2.6.11-1
—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

All Vendor Advisories

(2)

Every vendor that published an advisory referencing this CVE — pulled from our cve_vendor_advisories aggregation. Click any row for the vendor's original advisory page.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 27× in last 7d / 83× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 96 of 243 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 4 repeat rows among the latest 100 are merged into the row they repeat. The 147 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-10-30 19:15 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-10-30 19:15 UTCVendor advisory
  3. 2026-10-30 19:15 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-f2h8-4w6p-535w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  4. 2026-10-30 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 57th percentile
  5. 2026-10-29 19:47 UTCEG score recompute
  6. 2026-10-29 19:47 UTCVendor advisory
  7. 2026-10-29 19:47 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-f2h8-4w6p-535w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  8. 2026-10-29 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 57th percentile
  9. 2026-10-28 20:19 UTCEG score recompute
  10. 2026-10-28 20:19 UTCVendor advisory
  11. 2026-10-28 20:19 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-f2h8-4w6p-535w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  12. 2026-10-28 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 57th percentile
  13. 2026-10-27 20:45 UTCEG score recompute
  14. 2026-10-27 20:45 UTCVendor advisory
  15. 2026-10-27 20:45 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-f2h8-4w6p-535w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  16. 2026-10-27 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 56th percentile
  17. 2026-10-26 21:18 UTCEG score recompute
  18. 2026-10-26 21:17 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-f2h8-4w6p-535w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  19. 2026-10-26 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 56th percentile
  20. 2026-10-25 19:43 UTCVendor advisory
  21. 2026-10-25 19:43 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-f2h8-4w6p-535w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  22. 2026-10-25 16:55 UTCEG score recompute
  23. 2026-10-25 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 56th percentile
  24. 2026-10-24 20:14 UTCEG score recompute
  25. 2026-10-24 20:14 UTCVendor advisory
Show 71 more
  1. 2026-10-24 20:14 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-f2h8-4w6p-535w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  2. 2026-10-24 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 56th percentile
  3. 2026-10-23 20:47 UTCEG score recompute
  4. 2026-10-23 20:47 UTCVendor advisory
  5. 2026-10-23 20:47 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-f2h8-4w6p-535w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  6. 2026-10-23 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 56th percentile
  7. 2026-10-22 21:19 UTCEG score recompute
  8. 2026-10-22 21:19 UTCVendor advisory
  9. 2026-10-22 21:19 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-f2h8-4w6p-535w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  10. 2026-10-22 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 56th percentile
  11. 2026-10-21 21:52 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-10-21 21:52 UTCVendor advisory
  13. 2026-10-21 21:52 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-f2h8-4w6p-535w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  14. 2026-10-21 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 56th percentile
  15. 2026-10-20 21:52 UTCEG score recompute
  16. 2026-10-20 21:52 UTCVendor advisory
  17. 2026-10-20 21:52 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-f2h8-4w6p-535w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  18. 2026-10-20 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 56th percentile
  19. 2026-10-19 22:24 UTCEG score recompute
  20. 2026-10-19 22:24 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-f2h8-4w6p-535w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  21. 2026-10-19 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 56th percentile
  22. 2026-10-18 21:17 UTCEG score recompute
  23. 2026-10-18 21:17 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-f2h8-4w6p-535w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  24. 2026-10-18 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 56th percentile
  25. 2026-10-18 05:59 UTCEG score recompute
  26. 2026-10-17 21:48 UTCEG score recompute
  27. 2026-10-17 21:48 UTCVendor advisory
  28. 2026-10-17 21:48 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-f2h8-4w6p-535w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  29. 2026-10-17 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 56th percentile
  30. 2026-10-16 22:19 UTCEG score recompute
  31. 2026-10-16 22:19 UTCVendor advisory
  32. 2026-10-16 22:19 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-f2h8-4w6p-535w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  33. 2026-10-16 16:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 56th percentile
  34. 2026-10-15 18:56 UTCEG score recompute
  35. 2026-10-15 18:56 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-f2h8-4w6p-535w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  36. 2026-10-15 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 56th percentile
  37. 2026-10-14 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 56th percentile
  38. 2026-10-14 12:40 UTCEG score recompute
  39. 2026-10-14 12:40 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-f2h8-4w6p-535w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  40. 2026-10-13 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 56th percentile
  41. 2026-10-13 12:35 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-f2h8-4w6p-535w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  42. 2026-10-12 17:37 UTCEG score recompute
  43. 2026-10-12 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 56th percentile
  44. 2026-10-12 13:03 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-f2h8-4w6p-535w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  45. 2026-10-11 21:03 UTCEG score recompute
  46. 2026-10-11 15:55 UTCEG score recompute
  47. 2026-10-11 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 56th percentile
  48. 2026-10-10 19:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 56th percentile
  49. 2026-10-09 20:05 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 56th percentile
  50. 2026-10-08 17:08 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 56th percentile
  51. 2026-10-07 23:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 56th percentile
  52. 2026-10-06 15:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 56th percentile
  53. 2026-10-05 17:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 56th percentile
  54. 2026-10-04 23:20 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 56th percentile
  55. 2026-10-03 14:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 56th percentile
  56. 2026-10-03 02:55 UTCOSV refresh
  57. 2026-10-02 16:24 UTCEG score recompute
  58. 2026-10-01 19:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 56th percentile
  59. 2026-09-30 15:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 56th percentile
  60. 2026-09-28 13:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 56th percentile
  61. 2026-09-27 13:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 56th percentile
  62. 2026-09-26 15:57 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 56th percentile
  63. 2026-09-24 14:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
  64. 2026-09-23 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 56th percentile
  65. 2026-09-22 14:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 56th percentile
  66. 2026-09-20 20:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 56th percentile
  67. 2026-09-18 19:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 56th percentile
  68. 2026-09-16 14:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
  69. 2026-09-16 05:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
  70. 2026-09-15 03:08 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
  71. 2026-09-14 00:20 UTCOSV refresh

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2024-5594?
CVE-2024-5594 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on January 6, 2025. OpenVPN before 2.6.11 does not santize PUSH_REPLY messages properly which an attacker controlling the server can use to inject unexpected arbitrary data ending up in client logs.
When was the CVE record for CVE-2024-5594 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2024-5594 was published on January 6, 2025. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of November 3, 2025; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2024-5594 actively exploited?
CVE-2024-5594 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.8% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (57th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2024-5594?
CVE-2024-5594 has a CVSS v3 base score of 9.1 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2024-5594?
A fix for CVE-2024-5594 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory.

Dependency Blast Radius

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