CVE-2024-36028

MEDIUMNVD 4.74.7—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

This medium-severity CVE scores 4.7 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 0.2%, top 92% of all CVEs by exploit prediction. GitHub Security Advisory data not yet ingested — confidence will rise once GHSA publishes (typical lag: hours to days for open-source ecosystem CVEs; never for infrastructure-only CVEs).

Triggered by: NVD CVSS baseline
Sources: epss, nvd
4.7
EchelonGraph verdictMonitorLow exploitation likelihood right now — keep watching.
  • Lower severity and no public exploit yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS: 0%CVSS: 4.7Exploit: NoneExposed: 0

A fix is available — apply it.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

mm/hugetlb: fix DEBUG_LOCKS_WARN_ON(1) when dissolve_free_hugetlb_folio()

When I did memory failure tests recently, below warning occurs:

DEBUG_LOCKS_WARN_ON(1) WARNING: CPU: 8 PID: 1011 at kernel/locking/lockdep.c:232 __lock_acquire+0xccb/0x1ca0 Modules linked in: mce_inject hwpoison_inject CPU: 8 PID: 1011 Comm: bash Kdump: loaded Not tainted 6.9.0-rc3-next-20240410-00012-gdb69f219f4be #3 Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS rel-1.14.0-0-g155821a1990b-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014 RIP: 0010:__lock_acquire+0xccb/0x1ca0 RSP: 0018:ffffa7a1c7fe3bd0 EFLAGS: 00000082 RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: eb851eb853975fcf RCX: ffffa1ce5fc1c9c8 RDX: 00000000ffffffd8 RSI: 0000000000000027 RDI: ffffa1ce5fc1c9c0 RBP: ffffa1c6865d3280 R08: ffffffffb0f570a8 R09: 0000000000009ffb R10: 0000000000000286 R11: ffffffffb0f2ad50 R12: ffffa1c6865d3d10 R13: ffffa1c6865d3c70 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 0000000000000004 FS: 00007ff9f32aa740(0000) GS:ffffa1ce5fc00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 00007ff9f3134ba0 CR3: 00000008484e4000 CR4: 00000000000006f0 Call Trace: lock_acquire+0xbe/0x2d0 _raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x3a/0x60 hugepage_subpool_put_pages.part.0+0xe/0xc0 free_huge_folio+0x253/0x3f0 dissolve_free_huge_page+0x147/0x210 __page_handle_poison+0x9/0x70 memory_failure+0x4e6/0x8c0 hard_offline_page_store+0x55/0xa0 kernfs_fop_write_iter+0x12c/0x1d0 vfs_write+0x380/0x540 ksys_write+0x64/0xe0 do_syscall_64+0xbc/0x1d0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f RIP: 0033:0x7ff9f3114887 RSP: 002b:00007ffecbacb458 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 000000000000000c RCX: 00007ff9f3114887 RDX: 000000000000000c RSI: 0000564494164e10 RDI: 0000000000000001 RBP: 0000564494164e10 R08: 00007ff9f31d1460 R09: 000000007fffffff R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 000000000000000c R13: 00007ff9f321b780 R14: 00007ff9f3217600 R15: 00007ff9f3216a00 Kernel panic - not syncing: kernel: panic_on_warn set ... CPU: 8 PID: 1011 Comm: bash Kdump: loaded Not tainted 6.9.0-rc3-next-20240410-00012-gdb69f219f4be #3 Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS rel-1.14.0-0-g155821a1990b-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014 Call Trace: panic+0x326/0x350 check_panic_on_warn+0x4f/0x50 __warn+0x98/0x190 report_bug+0x18e/0x1a0 handle_bug+0x3d/0x70 exc_invalid_op+0x18/0x70 asm_exc_invalid_op+0x1a/0x20 RIP: 0010:__lock_acquire+0xccb/0x1ca0 RSP: 0018:ffffa7a1c7fe3bd0 EFLAGS: 00000082 RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: eb851eb853975fcf RCX: ffffa1ce5fc1c9c8 RDX: 00000000ffffffd8 RSI: 0000000000000027 RDI: ffffa1ce5fc1c9c0 RBP: ffffa1c6865d3280 R08: ffffffffb0f570a8 R09: 0000000000009ffb R10: 0000000000000286 R11: ffffffffb0f2ad50 R12: ffffa1c6865d3d10 R13: ffffa1c6865d3c70 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 0000000000000004 lock_acquire+0xbe/0x2d0 _raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x3a/0x60 hugepage_subpool_put_pages.part.0+0xe/0xc0 free_huge_folio+0x253/0x3f0 dissolve_free_huge_page+0x147/0x210 __page_handle_poison+0x9/0x70 memory_failure+0x4e6/0x8c0 hard_offline_page_store+0x55/0xa0 kernfs_fop_write_iter+0x12c/0x1d0 vfs_write+0x380/0x540 ksys_write+0x64/0xe0 do_syscall_64+0xbc/0x1d0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f RIP: 0033:0x7ff9f3114887 RSP: 002b:00007ffecbacb458 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 000000000000000c RCX: 00007ff9f3114887 RDX: 000000000000000c RSI: 0000564494164e10 RDI: 0000000000000001 RBP: 0000564494164e10 R08: 00007ff9f31d1460 R09: 000000007fffffff R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 000000000000000c R13: 00007ff9f321b780 R14: 00007ff9f3217600 R15: 00007ff9f3216a00

After git bisecting and digging into the code, I believe the root cause is that _deferred_list field of folio is unioned with _hugetlb_subpool field. In __update_and_free_hugetlb_folio(), folio->_deferred_ ---truncated---

CVSS v3
4.7
EG Score
4.7(medium)
EG Risk
21(Track)
EG Risk 21/100SSVC: Track

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity47% × 45%
Exploitation0% × 40%
Automatability0% × 15%
Action: Routine — remediate on your standard cadence.
EPSS
7.9%
KEV
Not listed

Published

May 30, 2024

Last Modified

September 18, 2025

References (8)

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2024-36028(1)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Patch Availability(6)

Vendor / EcosystemFixed in / PatchReleasedSource
ubuntulinux-tools-oem-24.04a (6.8.0-1010.10) @ noble2026-05-24ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-oracle-64k (6.8.0-1010.10) @ noble2026-05-24ubuntu
ubuntulinux-virtual-hwe-24.04-edge (6.8.0-40.40) @ noble2026-05-24ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-raspi (6.8.0-1009.10) @ noble2026-05-24ubuntu
redhatkernel-0:5.14.0-503.11.1.el9_52024-11-12redhat
linuxKernel @ 6.1.91—osv

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Additional Vendor Advisories

(4)

Vendors that published advisories for this CVE beyond the curated set above. Broader coverage but minimal per-row detail — click through for the original advisory.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 12× in last 7d / 44× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

  1. 2026-07-23 02:37 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-07-22 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-07-22 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-07-21 15:23 UTCEPSS rescore
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  17. 2026-07-14 07:40 UTCOSV refresh
  18. 2026-07-13 22:29 UTCEPSS rescore
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  1. 2026-07-06 16:26 UTCEPSS rescore
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  5. 2026-06-30 23:21 UTCEPSS rescore
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  12. 2026-06-27 03:07 UTCEPSS rescore
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  14. 2026-06-26 05:16 UTCOSV refresh
  15. 2026-06-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescore
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  18. 2026-06-23 21:32 UTCEPSS rescore
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  26. 2026-06-19 19:25 UTCEPSS rescore
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  28. 2026-06-17 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
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  36. 2026-06-11 13:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  37. 2026-06-10 22:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  38. 2026-06-10 13:21 UTCEPSS rescore
  39. 2026-06-08 16:11 UTCOSV refresh
  40. 2026-06-08 14:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  41. 2026-06-07 15:24 UTCEPSS rescore
  42. 2026-06-07 15:24 UTCEPSS rescore
  43. 2026-06-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  44. 2026-06-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  45. 2026-06-05 22:46 UTCEPSS rescore
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  47. 2026-06-04 13:11 UTCEPSS rescore
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  49. 2026-06-02 20:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  50. 2026-06-01 13:51 UTCEPSS rescore
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  52. 2026-05-31 00:15 UTCEPSS rescore
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  54. 2026-05-29 13:43 UTCEPSS rescore
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  63. 2026-05-26 07:18 UTCEPSS rescore
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  65. 2026-05-26 07:18 UTCEPSS rescore
  66. 2026-05-24 00:49 UTCEG score recompute
  67. 2026-05-24 00:49 UTCVendor advisory

Related CVEs(same product + same vendor + same CWE)

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2024-36028?
CVE-2024-36028 is a medium vulnerability published on May 30, 2024. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mm/hugetlb: fix DEBUGLOCKSWARNON(1) when dissolvefreehugetlbfolio() When I did memory failure tests recently, below warning occurs: DEBUGLOCKSWARN_ON(1) WARNING: CPU: 8 PID: 1011 at kernel/locking/lockdep.c:232…
When was CVE-2024-36028 disclosed?
CVE-2024-36028 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on May 30, 2024, with the most recent update on September 18, 2025. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2024-36028 actively exploited?
CVE-2024-36028 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 7.9% percentile likelihood of exploitation in the next 30 days — higher percentiles indicate greater predicted risk.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2024-36028?
CVE-2024-36028 has a CVSS v3 base score of 4.7 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2024-36028?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2024-36028, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

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