CVE-2024-28109

HIGHNVD 8.18.1—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

This high-severity CVE scores 8.1 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 1.0% (62nd percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs). GitHub Security Advisory data not yet ingested — confidence will rise once GHSA publishes (typical lag: hours to days for open-source ecosystem CVEs; never for infrastructure-only CVEs).

Triggered by: NVD CVSS baseline
Sources: epss, nvd
8.1EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixSerious severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet.
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 1.0%CVSS: 8.1Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

veraPDF-library is a PDF/A validation library. Executing policy checks using custom schematron files invokes an XSL transformation that could lead to a remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.24.2.

CVSS v3
8.1
EG Score
8.1HIGHmedium confidence
EG Risk
37
EG Risk 37/100CISA SSVC

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity81% × 45%
Exploitation1% × 40%
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA SSVC: Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
EPSS PROB
1.0%
EPSS %ILE
62nd
KEV
Not listed

CISA SSVCTrack at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it: high means the affected system is essential to your organisation's mission, or its compromise could cause irreversible harm to people. CISA's decision table

Published

March 28, 2024

Last Modified

April 15, 2026

Advisory Details (5)

Auto-updated Sep 12, 2026
Patch available. Sources: github, github_commit.
githubMentions a patch (unverified)

Potential XSLT injection vulnerability when using policy files · Advisory · veraPDF/veraPDF-library · GitHub

https://github.com/veraPDF/veraPDF-library/security/advisories/GHSA-qxqf-2mfx-x8jw
generic

veraPDF has an XSLT injection vulnerability. · Issue #1415 · veraPDF/veraPDF-library · GitHub

https://github.com/veraPDF/veraPDF-library/issues/1415
github_commit Patch Available

commit d5314cbdf4e0 (veraPDF/veraPDF-library)

Patch available: veraPDF/veraPDF-library v1.24.2 (contains commit d5314cbdf4e0)

https://github.com/veraPDF/veraPDF-library/commit/d5314cbdf4e058e0716f80dbdad2dbd8d96e6bfe
github_commit

commit 9386ecbe1a1d (veraPDF/veraPDF-library)

Fix landed in veraPDF/veraPDF-library commit 9386ecbe1a1d — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/veraPDF/veraPDF-library/commit/9386ecbe1a1d1fb9e886d19df28851ed07890d9f
github_commit

commit 614ffa477a2c (veraPDF/veraPDF-library)

Fix landed in veraPDF/veraPDF-library commit 614ffa477a2c — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/veraPDF/veraPDF-library/commit/614ffa477a2cf0819e4b0df1ab133610e0da25fb

Affected Packages

(9 across 1 ecosystem)
Maven(9)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
org.verapdf:core1.10.1 ... 1.8.1 (26 versions)
  • every version up to 1.24.2: fixed in 1.24.2
—
org.verapdf:core-arlington—
  • every version up to 1.25.127: fixed in 1.25.127
—
org.verapdf:core-jakarta1.24.1
  • every version up to 1.24.2: fixed in 1.24.2
—
org.verapdf:library—
  • every version up to 1.24.2: fixed in 1.24.2
—
org.verapdf:library-arlington—
  • every version up to 1.25.127: fixed in 1.25.127
—
org.verapdf:library-jakarta—
  • every version up to 1.24.2: fixed in 1.24.2
—
org.verapdf:verapdf-library1.10.1 ... 1.8.1 (25 versions)
  • every version up to 1.24.2: fixed in 1.24.2
—
org.verapdf:verapdf-library-arlington—
  • every version up to 1.25.127: fixed in 1.25.127
—
org.verapdf:verapdf-library-jakarta1.24.1
  • every version up to 1.24.2: fixed in 1.24.2
—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 8× in last 7d / 32× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 213 total refreshes for this CVE.

  1. 2026-10-10 19:58 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-10-09 20:05 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-10-08 17:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-10-07 23:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-10-07 15:05 UTCOSV refresh
  6. 2026-10-06 15:15 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-10-05 17:41 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-10-04 23:20 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-10-03 14:24 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-10-01 19:48 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-09-30 17:01 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-09-30 15:01 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-09-29 15:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-09-28 13:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-09-27 13:43 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-09-26 15:57 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-09-26 00:23 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-09-24 14:01 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-09-23 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-09-23 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-09-22 14:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-09-19 15:40 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-09-18 19:26 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-09-17 21:06 UTCOSV refresh
  25. 2026-09-16 14:06 UTCEPSS rescore
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  1. 2026-09-16 14:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-09-15 03:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-09-15 03:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-09-13 16:45 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-09-12 14:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-09-11 14:51 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-09-11 09:35 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-09-08 21:58 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-09-07 15:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-09-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-09-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  12. 2026-09-05 15:26 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-09-04 13:58 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-09-04 05:05 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-09-02 14:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-09-01 13:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-08-30 19:15 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-08-30 01:20 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-08-29 21:13 UTCOSV refresh
  20. 2026-08-28 21:39 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-08-27 14:23 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-08-26 14:44 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-08-25 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-08-24 14:15 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-08-23 00:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  26. 2026-08-21 23:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  27. 2026-08-20 22:53 UTCEPSS rescore
  28. 2026-08-19 17:02 UTCEPSS rescore
  29. 2026-08-19 17:02 UTCEPSS rescore
  30. 2026-08-18 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  31. 2026-08-18 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  32. 2026-08-17 13:45 UTCEPSS rescore
  33. 2026-08-16 14:54 UTCEPSS rescore
  34. 2026-08-16 02:13 UTCEPSS rescore
  35. 2026-08-15 01:28 UTCEPSS rescore
  36. 2026-08-13 21:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  37. 2026-08-13 07:43 UTCOSV refresh
  38. 2026-08-12 13:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  39. 2026-08-11 13:40 UTCEPSS rescore
  40. 2026-08-10 23:58 UTCEPSS rescore
  41. 2026-08-09 13:45 UTCEPSS rescore
  42. 2026-08-08 16:35 UTCEPSS rescore
  43. 2026-08-07 16:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  44. 2026-08-06 13:45 UTCEPSS rescore
  45. 2026-08-05 19:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  46. 2026-08-04 15:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  47. 2026-08-04 10:36 UTCEPSS rescore
  48. 2026-08-03 10:34 UTCEPSS rescore
  49. 2026-08-02 02:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  50. 2026-08-02 02:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  51. 2026-08-01 04:14 UTCEPSS rescore
  52. 2026-07-30 16:26 UTCEPSS rescore
  53. 2026-07-30 16:26 UTCEPSS rescore
  54. 2026-07-30 01:29 UTCEPSS rescore
  55. 2026-07-28 16:21 UTCOSV refresh
  56. 2026-07-28 15:34 UTCEPSS rescore
  57. 2026-07-27 14:11 UTCEPSS rescore
  58. 2026-07-26 14:53 UTCEPSS rescore
  59. 2026-07-26 14:53 UTCEPSS rescore
  60. 2026-07-25 14:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  61. 2026-07-24 14:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  62. 2026-07-23 14:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  63. 2026-07-23 02:35 UTCEG score recompute
  64. 2026-07-22 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  65. 2026-07-21 15:23 UTCEPSS rescore
  66. 2026-07-20 17:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  67. 2026-07-19 14:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  68. 2026-07-19 14:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  69. 2026-07-19 02:28 UTCEPSS rescore
  70. 2026-07-19 02:28 UTCEPSS rescore
  71. 2026-07-18 10:03 UTCEPSS rescore
  72. 2026-07-18 10:03 UTCEPSS rescore
  73. 2026-07-16 17:01 UTCEPSS rescore
  74. 2026-07-15 16:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  75. 2026-07-15 16:56 UTCEPSS rescore

Related CVEs(same product + same CWE)

Same product

1 shown

Maven:org.verapdf:core

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2024-28109?
CVE-2024-28109 is a high vulnerability published on March 28, 2024. veraPDF-library is a PDF/A validation library. Executing policy checks using custom schematron files invokes an XSL transformation that could lead to a remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.24.2.
When was CVE-2024-28109 disclosed?
CVE-2024-28109 was first published on March 28, 2024, with the most recent update on April 15, 2026. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2024-28109 actively exploited?
CVE-2024-28109 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 1.0% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (62nd percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2024-28109?
CVE-2024-28109 has a CVSS v3 base score of 8.1 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2024-28109?
A fix for CVE-2024-28109 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory.

Dependency Blast Radius

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