CVE-2024-25431

HIGHNVD 7.88.8
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“▲” beside the score: it is higher than NVD's CVSS score.

Score 8.8 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: HIGH) published 2024-11-08. NVD baseline CVSS 7.8; sources differ by 1.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3
Trending — 4 sources updated this weekElevated
8.8EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • CISA's Vulnrichment rates exploitation as PoC; EchelonGraph holds no exploit-code reference for it
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.7%CVSS: 7.8Exploit: No code on recordExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

An issue in bytecodealliance wasm-micro-runtime before v.b3f728c and fixed in commit 06df58f allows a remote attacker to escalate privileges via a crafted file to the check_was_abi_compatibility function.

CVSS v3
7.8
EG Score
8.8HIGHmedium confidence
EG Risk
56
EG Risk 56/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity88% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 8.8 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation40% × 40%
EchelonGraph's fixed weight for EG-KEV Tier 3 (Elevated): a constant, not a probability.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.
Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
EPSS PROB
0.7%
EPSS %ILE
50th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (8.8): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 8.8 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
8.8 HIGHCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
0.7% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS. FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track* at medium mission impactTrack at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.CISA BOD 26-04: 14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.

Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

November 8, 2024

Last Modified

November 14, 2024

Advisory Details (3)

Auto-updated Sep 30, 2026
Patch available. Sources: github_pr.
GitHub pull request

Fix loader check_wasi_abi_compatibility

Fix merged in bytecodealliance/wasm-micro-runtime PR #3126 on 2024-02-04 — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasm-micro-runtime/pull/3126
Web page

Invalid Read Memory in check_wasi_abi_compatibility · Issue #3122 · wasm-micro-runtime/wasm-micro-runtime · GitHub

https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasm-micro-runtime/issues/3122
Web page

Advisory for CVE-2024-25431 · GitHub

https://gist.github.com/haruki3hhh/bd228e6dcaf8c18140e1074964912b39

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2024-25431(1)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 11× in last 7d / 34× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 95 of 198 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 5 repeat rows among the latest 100 are merged into the row they repeat. The 103 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-10-21 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
  2. 2026-10-20 20:24 UTCEG score recompute
  3. 2026-10-20 20:24 UTCVendor advisory
  4. 2026-10-20 20:23 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-gf29-gwj9-7xvj · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  5. 2026-10-20 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
  6. 2026-10-19 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
  7. 2026-10-18 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
  8. 2026-10-18 07:24 UTCEG score recompute
  9. 2026-10-17 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
  10. 2026-10-16 16:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 49th percentile
  11. 2026-10-15 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 49th percentile
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  13. 2026-10-13 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  14. 2026-10-12 18:00 UTCEG score recompute
  15. 2026-10-12 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  16. 2026-10-11 21:25 UTCEG score recompute
  17. 2026-10-11 16:18 UTCEG score recompute
  18. 2026-10-11 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  19. 2026-10-10 19:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  20. 2026-10-10 09:33 UTCOSV refresh
  21. 2026-10-09 20:05 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  22. 2026-10-08 17:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
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  1. 2026-10-04 23:20 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  2. 2026-10-03 14:23 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  3. 2026-10-01 19:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  4. 2026-09-30 16:59 UTCEG score recompute
  5. 2026-09-30 15:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  6. 2026-09-29 15:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  7. 2026-09-28 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  8. 2026-09-24 14:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  9. 2026-09-23 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  10. 2026-09-20 20:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  11. 2026-09-20 19:14 UTCOSV refresh
  12. 2026-09-16 14:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  13. 2026-09-16 05:11 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  14. 2026-09-15 03:08 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  15. 2026-09-13 16:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  16. 2026-09-12 14:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  17. 2026-09-11 14:51 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  18. 2026-09-11 09:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  19. 2026-09-08 21:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  20. 2026-09-07 15:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  21. 2026-09-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
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  23. 2026-09-04 13:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
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  25. 2026-09-02 14:10 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  26. 2026-09-01 19:03 UTCOSV refresh
  27. 2026-09-01 13:52 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  28. 2026-08-30 19:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  29. 2026-08-30 01:20 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  30. 2026-08-28 21:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  31. 2026-08-27 14:23 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
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  40. 2026-08-16 14:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  41. 2026-08-16 02:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  42. 2026-08-15 20:37 UTCOSV refresh
  43. 2026-08-15 01:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  44. 2026-08-13 21:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  45. 2026-08-12 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  46. 2026-08-11 13:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
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  56. 2026-07-31 13:12 UTCOSV refresh
  57. 2026-07-30 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  58. 2026-07-30 01:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  59. 2026-07-28 15:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
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  64. 2026-07-23 14:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  65. 2026-07-23 02:34 UTCEG score recompute
  66. 2026-07-22 23:21 UTCEG score recompute
  67. 2026-07-22 14:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
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  70. 2026-07-19 14:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2024-25431?
CVE-2024-25431 is a high-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on November 8, 2024. An issue in bytecodealliance wasm-micro-runtime before v.b3f728c and fixed in commit 06df58f allows a remote attacker to escalate privileges via a crafted file to the checkwasabi_compatibility function.
When was the CVE record for CVE-2024-25431 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2024-25431 was published on November 8, 2024. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of November 14, 2024; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2024-25431 actively exploited?
CVE-2024-25431 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.7% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (50th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2024-25431?
CVE-2024-25431 has a CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 (NVD). EchelonGraph synthesises NVD + CISA KEV + FIRST EPSS + GHSA into a combined EG score of 8.8 (HIGH).
How do I remediate CVE-2024-25431?
A fix for CVE-2024-25431 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2024-25431 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

Dependency Blast Radius

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