CVE-2023-6548

CRITICALNVD 5.59.0
EchelonGraph scoreHIGH confidence

“▲” beside the score: it is higher than NVD's CVSS score.

Score elevated to 9.0 because this CVE is listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog (added 2024-01-17), indicating real-world exploitation has been confirmed by US federal agencies. NVD baseline CVSS 5.5 retained for reference. The 9.0 is the floor for confirmed exploitation, not an impact rating: this CVE's impact severity (EG Severity) is CVSS 5.5 MEDIUM under GitHub Security Advisory CVSS. Confidence: HIGH.

Triggered by: CISA KEV (actively exploited)
Sources: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog, EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3
Trending — 3 sources updated this weekExploited in the wild
9.0EG
EchelonGraph verdictMitigate nowTreat as an emergency — this is being exploited.
  • 2,818 internet-facing services (distinct ip:port) on record running an affected version — derived from Shodan data (© Shodan); a patched service can stay counted while its port stays open
  • Actively exploited in the wild (CISA-KEV) — the reason this is sooner than the SSVC decision on this page at low or medium mission impact
CISA-KEV: ExploitedEPSS PROB: 3.2%CVSS: 5.5Exploit: No code on recordExposed services: 2,818

No fix is confirmed yet — apply a workaround or compensating control (WAF / firewall / segmentation) and watch for the fix.

The CVE record's CNA (Citrix Systems, Inc.) lists Cloud Software Group NetScaler ADC versions 14.1 up to but not including 12.35, 13.1 up to but not including 51.15, 13.0 up to but not including 92.21, 13.1-FIPS up to but not including 37.176 and 2 more ranges; Cloud Software Group NetScaler Gateway versions 14.1 up to but not including 12.35, 13.1 up to but not including 51.15 and 13.0 up to but not including 92.21 as affected. No release containing a fix is confirmed on record.

Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') in NetScaler ADC and NetScaler Gateway allows an attacker with access to NSIP, CLIP or SNIP with management interface to perform Authenticated (low privileged) remote code execution on Management Interface.

Internet exposure · derived from Shodan data

2,818 internet-facing services (distinct ip:port) on record running a version that maps to CVE-2023-6548, in our KEV-Exposure radar’s Shodan-derived sample.

across 23 countries (Germany, Australia, United States, Mauritius, United Kingdom)top: netscaler_gateway
See the KEV-Exposure radar →Derived from Shodan data. Shodan data is owned by Shodan, which holds its copyright (© Shodan). EchelonGraph claims no ownership of it or copyright in it. Aggregate, host-redacted.

How it counts: every 12 hours, when Shodan query credits allow, the radar runs one Shodan query per tracked product, reads up to 100 ip:port services per query, and keeps a service when its banner version matches a CISA-KEV or high-EPSS CVE; a service is dropped when neither a search nor a Shodan InternetDB port re-check has refreshed it for 21 days. A re-check that finds the port still listed by Shodan InternetDB refreshes the service without re-reading the banner, so a patched service can stay counted while its port stays open. A count is a banner-version inference over a sample, not an exploit test and not an internet-wide census, and the unit is a service, not a machine: a machine answering on two ports counts twice.

CVSS v3
5.5
EG Score
9.0CRITICALhigh confidence
EG Risk
65
EG Risk 65/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity55% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 5.5 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation100% × 40%
Fixed at 100% for a CISA KEV listing: EchelonGraph's rule.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low, Attend at medium and Act at high mission impact.
Exploitation active (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: No fix is confirmed yet. Restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation within your standard update timelines at low, sooner than that at medium and as soon as possible at high mission impact, and watch the vendor's advisory for the fix.
EPSS PROB
3.2%
EPSS %ILE
87th
KEV
⚠ Exploited

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (9.0): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.0 is the CISA KEV floor for confirmed exploitation, not an impact rating: its impact severity (EG Severity) is CVSS 5.5 MEDIUM.

EG Severity
5.5 MEDIUMCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
3.2% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-20). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
CISA KEV and EG-KEV Tier 1 (exploited in the wild)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Attend at medium mission impactTrack at low, Attend at medium and Act at high mission impact.CISA BOD 26-04: 3 days & forensic triage if the affected system is publicly exposed; 14 days if it is not.Each input and its source: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low, Attend at medium and Act at high mission impact.

No fix is confirmed yet. Restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation within your standard update timelines at low, sooner than that at medium and as soon as possible at high mission impact, and watch the vendor's advisory for the fix.

Exploitation active (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)3 days & forensic triage if the affected system is publicly exposed; 14 days if it is not.

In CISA KEV yes (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

CISA required action“Apply mitigations per vendor instructions or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.”

Quoted verbatim from CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. CISA directs it at US federal civilian executive branch agencies under Binding Operational Directive (BOD) 26-04, which replaced BOD 22-01 on 10 June 2026; it is not EchelonGraph's advice. CISA's notes: https://support.citrix.com/article/CTX584986/netscaler-adc-and-netscaler-gateway-security-bulletin-for-cve20236548-and-cve20236549 · https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-6548

Published

January 17, 2024

Last Modified

October 24, 2025

Advisory Details (2)

Auto-updated Oct 20, 2026
⚠️ Actively exploited (CISA KEV, CISA Vulnrichment). No fix on record yet. Sources: cisa.
CISA🔴 Active Exploitation

Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog | CISA

Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog | CISA. Listed in CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog.

https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2023-6548

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 23× in last 7d / 196× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 1,096 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 996 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-10-21 08:21 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-10-21 08:21 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  3. 2026-10-20 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.2% · 87th percentile
  4. 2026-10-20 10:35 UTCEG score recompute
  5. 2026-10-20 10:35 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  6. 2026-10-19 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.2% · 87th percentile
  7. 2026-10-19 12:48 UTCEG score recompute
  8. 2026-10-19 12:48 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  9. 2026-10-18 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.2% · 87th percentile
  10. 2026-10-18 15:05 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  11. 2026-10-18 07:38 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-10-17 17:21 UTCEG score recompute
  13. 2026-10-17 17:21 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  14. 2026-10-17 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.2% · 87th percentile
  15. 2026-10-16 19:36 UTCEG score recompute
  16. 2026-10-16 19:36 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  17. 2026-10-16 16:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.2% · 87th percentile
  18. 2026-10-15 21:52 UTCEG score recompute
  19. 2026-10-15 21:51 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  20. 2026-10-15 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.2% · 87th percentile
  21. 2026-10-15 00:07 UTCEG score recompute
  22. 2026-10-15 00:06 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  23. 2026-10-14 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.2% · 87th percentile
  24. 2026-10-14 02:22 UTCEG score recompute
  25. 2026-10-14 02:22 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-10-13 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.2% · 87th percentile
  2. 2026-10-13 04:38 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  3. 2026-10-12 18:10 UTCEG score recompute
  4. 2026-10-12 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.2% · 87th percentile
  5. 2026-10-12 06:54 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  6. 2026-10-12 02:41 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  7. 2026-10-11 22:30 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  8. 2026-10-11 21:36 UTCEG score recompute
  9. 2026-10-11 18:20 UTCEG score recompute
  10. 2026-10-11 18:19 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  11. 2026-10-11 14:08 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-10-11 14:08 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  13. 2026-10-11 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.2% · 87th percentile
  14. 2026-10-11 09:57 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  15. 2026-10-11 05:46 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  16. 2026-10-11 01:35 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  17. 2026-10-10 21:23 UTCEG score recompute
  18. 2026-10-10 21:23 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  19. 2026-10-10 19:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.2% · 87th percentile
  20. 2026-10-10 17:09 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  21. 2026-10-10 12:59 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  22. 2026-10-10 08:47 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  23. 2026-10-10 04:36 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  24. 2026-10-10 00:23 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  25. 2026-10-09 20:13 UTCEG score recompute
  26. 2026-10-09 20:12 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  27. 2026-10-09 20:05 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.2% · 87th percentile
  28. 2026-10-09 16:01 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  29. 2026-10-09 11:51 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  30. 2026-10-09 07:39 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  31. 2026-10-09 03:28 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  32. 2026-10-08 23:17 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  33. 2026-10-08 19:07 UTCEG score recompute
  34. 2026-10-08 19:06 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  35. 2026-10-08 17:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.2% · 87th percentile
  36. 2026-10-08 14:55 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  37. 2026-10-08 10:43 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  38. 2026-10-08 06:31 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  39. 2026-10-08 02:20 UTCEG score recompute
  40. 2026-10-08 02:20 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  41. 2026-10-07 23:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.2% · 87th percentile
  42. 2026-10-07 22:09 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  43. 2026-10-07 17:57 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  44. 2026-10-07 13:44 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  45. 2026-10-07 09:33 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  46. 2026-10-07 05:22 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  47. 2026-10-07 01:11 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  48. 2026-10-06 21:00 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  49. 2026-10-06 16:48 UTCEG score recompute
  50. 2026-10-06 16:48 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  51. 2026-10-06 15:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.2% · 87th percentile
  52. 2026-10-06 12:36 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  53. 2026-10-06 08:25 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  54. 2026-10-06 04:14 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  55. 2026-10-06 00:02 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  56. 2026-10-05 19:51 UTCEG score recompute
  57. 2026-10-05 19:51 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  58. 2026-10-05 17:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.2% · 87th percentile
  59. 2026-10-05 15:40 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  60. 2026-10-05 11:29 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  61. 2026-10-05 07:19 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  62. 2026-10-05 03:08 UTCEG score recompute
  63. 2026-10-05 03:08 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  64. 2026-10-04 23:20 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.2% · 87th percentile
  65. 2026-10-04 22:57 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  66. 2026-10-04 18:45 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  67. 2026-10-04 14:34 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  68. 2026-10-04 10:23 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  69. 2026-10-04 06:11 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  70. 2026-10-04 02:00 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  71. 2026-10-03 17:34 UTCEG score recompute
  72. 2026-10-03 17:34 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  73. 2026-10-03 14:23 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.2% · 87th percentile
  74. 2026-10-03 13:24 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  75. 2026-10-03 09:13 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w4rw-v3mm-hj8h · GitHub CVSS 5.5

Frequently asked(6)

What is CVE-2023-6548?
CVE-2023-6548 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on January 17, 2024. Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') in NetScaler ADC and NetScaler Gateway allows an attacker with access to NSIP, CLIP or SNIP with management interface to perform Authenticated (low privileged) remote code execution on Management Interface.
When was the CVE record for CVE-2023-6548 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2023-6548 was published on January 17, 2024. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of October 24, 2025; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2023-6548 actively exploited?
Yes. CISA added CVE-2023-6548 to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on January 17, 2024, affecting Citrix NetScaler ADC and NetScaler Gateway. KEV listing indicates confirmed exploitation in the wild; this CVE warrants immediate attention. No fix is confirmed yet. Restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation, and watch the vendor's advisory for the fix.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2023-6548?
CVE-2023-6548 has a CVSS v3 base score of 5.5 (NVD). EchelonGraph synthesises NVD + CISA KEV + FIRST EPSS + GHSA into a combined EG score of 9.0 (CRITICAL).
Which products are affected by CVE-2023-6548?
CVE-2023-6548 affects Citrix NetScaler ADC and NetScaler Gateway.
How do I remediate CVE-2023-6548?
No fix for CVE-2023-6548 is confirmed yet. Until one is published, restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation — for example, keep it off the internet or limit it to trusted networks — and watch the vendor's advisory for the fix. The CVE record's CNA (Citrix Systems, Inc.) lists Cloud Software Group NetScaler ADC versions 14.1 up to but not including 12.35, 13.1 up to but not including 51.15, 13.0 up to but not including 92.21, 13.1-FIPS up to but not including 37.176 and 2 more ranges; Cloud Software Group NetScaler Gateway versions 14.1 up to but not including 12.35, 13.1 up to but not including 51.15 and 13.0 up to but not including 92.21 as affected. No release containing a fix is confirmed on record.

Dependency Blast Radius

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