CVE-2023-48788

CRITICALNVD 9.89.8—
EchelonGraph scoreHIGH confidence

Score elevated to 9.8 because this CVE is listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog (added 2024-03-25), indicating real-world exploitation has been confirmed by US federal agencies. NVD baseline CVSS 9.8 retained for reference. Confidence: HIGH.

Triggered by: CISA KEV (actively exploited)
Sources: cisa_kev, epss, ghsa, nvd
Exploited in the wild
9.8EG
EchelonGraph verdictPatch nowTreat as an emergency — this is being exploited.
  • Actively exploited in the wild (CISA-KEV)
CISA-KEV: ExploitedEPSS PROB: 98%CVSS: 9.8Exploit: cisa kev · ssvc active · kev ransomware · Metasploit · epss top5pct · epss high · public exploitExposed: 0

No vendor fix yet — apply a workaround or compensating control (WAF / firewall / segmentation) and watch for a patch.

A improper neutralization of special elements used in an sql command ('sql injection') in Fortinet FortiClientEMS version 7.2.0 through 7.2.2, FortiClientEMS 7.0.1 through 7.0.10 allows attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands via specially crafted packets.

CVSS v3
9.8
EG Score
9.8(high)
EG Risk
99(Act)
EG Risk 99/100SSVC: Act

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity98% × 45%
Exploitation100% × 40%
Automatability100% × 15%
Action: Fix now — active exploitation, automatable, high impact.
EPSS PROB
98%
EPSS %ILE
100%
KEV
⚠ Exploited

Published

March 12, 2024

Last Modified

October 24, 2025

Advisory Details (2)

Auto-updated Aug 5, 2026
⚠️ Active exploitation confirmed. Patch available. Sources: cisa.
cisa Patch Available🔴 Active Exploitation

Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog | CISA

Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog | CISA. Listed in CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog.

https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2023-48788
generic🔴 Active Exploitation

PSIRT | FortiGuard Labs

https://fortiguard.com/psirt/FG-IR-24-007

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 43× in last 7d / 193× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 453 total refreshes for this CVE.

  1. 2026-08-08 10:03 UTCGHSA enrichment
  2. 2026-08-08 05:48 UTCGHSA enrichment
  3. 2026-08-08 01:32 UTCGHSA enrichment
  4. 2026-08-07 21:17 UTCGHSA enrichment
  5. 2026-08-07 17:09 UTCCISA KEV update
  6. 2026-08-07 17:01 UTCGHSA enrichment
  7. 2026-08-07 12:45 UTCGHSA enrichment
  8. 2026-08-07 08:29 UTCGHSA enrichment
  9. 2026-08-07 04:13 UTCGHSA enrichment
  10. 2026-08-06 23:57 UTCGHSA enrichment
  11. 2026-08-06 19:41 UTCGHSA enrichment
  12. 2026-08-06 15:26 UTCGHSA enrichment
  13. 2026-08-06 11:09 UTCGHSA enrichment
  14. 2026-08-06 06:53 UTCGHSA enrichment
  15. 2026-08-06 02:37 UTCGHSA enrichment
  16. 2026-08-05 22:22 UTCGHSA enrichment
  17. 2026-08-05 18:06 UTCGHSA enrichment
  18. 2026-08-05 17:25 UTCCISA KEV update
  19. 2026-08-05 13:50 UTCGHSA enrichment
  20. 2026-08-05 09:35 UTCGHSA enrichment
  21. 2026-08-05 05:19 UTCGHSA enrichment
  22. 2026-08-05 01:02 UTCGHSA enrichment
  23. 2026-08-04 20:46 UTCGHSA enrichment
  24. 2026-08-04 17:02 UTCCISA KEV update
  25. 2026-08-04 16:29 UTCGHSA enrichment
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-08-04 12:13 UTCGHSA enrichment
  2. 2026-08-04 07:57 UTCGHSA enrichment
  3. 2026-08-04 03:40 UTCGHSA enrichment
  4. 2026-08-03 23:25 UTCGHSA enrichment
  5. 2026-08-03 19:22 UTCCISA KEV update
  6. 2026-08-03 19:09 UTCGHSA enrichment
  7. 2026-08-03 14:54 UTCGHSA enrichment
  8. 2026-08-03 10:37 UTCGHSA enrichment
  9. 2026-08-03 06:21 UTCGHSA enrichment
  10. 2026-08-03 02:05 UTCGHSA enrichment
  11. 2026-08-02 21:49 UTCGHSA enrichment
  12. 2026-08-02 17:33 UTCGHSA enrichment
  13. 2026-08-02 13:18 UTCGHSA enrichment
  14. 2026-08-02 09:01 UTCGHSA enrichment
  15. 2026-08-02 04:45 UTCGHSA enrichment
  16. 2026-08-02 00:29 UTCGHSA enrichment
  17. 2026-08-01 20:13 UTCGHSA enrichment
  18. 2026-08-01 15:57 UTCGHSA enrichment
  19. 2026-08-01 11:41 UTCGHSA enrichment
  20. 2026-08-01 07:25 UTCGHSA enrichment
  21. 2026-08-01 03:09 UTCGHSA enrichment
  22. 2026-07-31 22:52 UTCGHSA enrichment
  23. 2026-07-31 18:35 UTCGHSA enrichment
  24. 2026-07-31 14:17 UTCGHSA enrichment
  25. 2026-07-31 10:01 UTCGHSA enrichment
  26. 2026-07-31 05:46 UTCGHSA enrichment
  27. 2026-07-31 01:30 UTCGHSA enrichment
  28. 2026-07-30 21:13 UTCGHSA enrichment
  29. 2026-07-30 16:58 UTCEG score recompute
  30. 2026-07-30 16:57 UTCGHSA enrichment
  31. 2026-07-30 16:26 UTCEPSS rescore
  32. 2026-07-30 16:26 UTCEPSS rescore
  33. 2026-07-30 12:41 UTCEG score recompute
  34. 2026-07-30 12:40 UTCGHSA enrichment
  35. 2026-07-30 08:24 UTCGHSA enrichment
  36. 2026-07-30 04:08 UTCEG score recompute
  37. 2026-07-30 04:08 UTCGHSA enrichment
  38. 2026-07-30 01:28 UTCEPSS rescore
  39. 2026-07-29 23:53 UTCGHSA enrichment
  40. 2026-07-29 19:35 UTCGHSA enrichment
  41. 2026-07-29 19:27 UTCCISA KEV update
  42. 2026-07-29 15:20 UTCGHSA enrichment
  43. 2026-07-29 11:04 UTCGHSA enrichment
  44. 2026-07-29 06:47 UTCGHSA enrichment
  45. 2026-07-29 02:31 UTCGHSA enrichment
  46. 2026-07-28 22:15 UTCGHSA enrichment
  47. 2026-07-28 17:58 UTCEG score recompute
  48. 2026-07-28 17:57 UTCGHSA enrichment
  49. 2026-07-28 15:34 UTCEPSS rescore
  50. 2026-07-28 15:34 UTCEPSS rescore
  51. 2026-07-28 13:41 UTCGHSA enrichment
  52. 2026-07-28 09:25 UTCGHSA enrichment
  53. 2026-07-28 05:07 UTCGHSA enrichment
  54. 2026-07-28 00:52 UTCGHSA enrichment
  55. 2026-07-27 20:35 UTCGHSA enrichment
  56. 2026-07-27 19:24 UTCCISA KEV update
  57. 2026-07-27 17:17 UTCCISA KEV update
  58. 2026-07-27 16:19 UTCEG score recompute
  59. 2026-07-27 16:18 UTCGHSA enrichment
  60. 2026-07-27 14:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  61. 2026-07-27 12:02 UTCGHSA enrichment
  62. 2026-07-27 07:46 UTCGHSA enrichment
  63. 2026-07-27 03:29 UTCGHSA enrichment
  64. 2026-07-26 23:14 UTCGHSA enrichment
  65. 2026-07-26 18:58 UTCEG score recompute
  66. 2026-07-26 18:58 UTCGHSA enrichment
  67. 2026-07-26 14:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  68. 2026-07-26 14:41 UTCEG score recompute
  69. 2026-07-26 14:41 UTCGHSA enrichment
  70. 2026-07-26 10:25 UTCGHSA enrichment
  71. 2026-07-26 06:09 UTCGHSA enrichment
  72. 2026-07-26 01:53 UTCEG score recompute
  73. 2026-07-26 01:53 UTCGHSA enrichment
  74. 2026-07-24 14:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  75. 2026-07-24 14:16 UTCEPSS rescore

Publicly available exploits

(3 references)

Working exploit code is in the public domain (1 Metasploit module) (1 GitHub PoC). Defenders should treat patch urgency accordingly — public PoCs typically lead to mass-exploitation within 24-72 hours.

  • Metasploitexploit/windows/http/forticlient_ems_fctid_sqli✓ verified
    First seen Apr 21, 2024

    FortiNet FortiClient Endpoint Management Server FCTID SQLi to RCE

    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoChorizon3ai/CVE-2023-48788
    First seen Mar 18, 2024

    Fortinet FortiClient EMS SQL Injection

    Open source ↗
  • Nucleinetwork/cves/2023/CVE-2023-48788.yaml
    First seen Jan 1, 2023

    Fortinet Forticlient Endpoint Management Server - SQL Injection

    Open source ↗

Related CVEs(same CWE)

Frequently asked(6)

What is CVE-2023-48788?
CVE-2023-48788 is a critical vulnerability published on March 12, 2024. A improper neutralization of special elements used in an sql command ('sql injection') in Fortinet FortiClientEMS version 7.2.0 through 7.2.2, FortiClientEMS 7.0.1 through 7.0.10 allows attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands via specially crafted packets.
When was CVE-2023-48788 disclosed?
CVE-2023-48788 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on March 12, 2024, with the most recent update on October 24, 2025. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2023-48788 actively exploited?
Yes. CISA added CVE-2023-48788 to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on March 25, 2024, affecting Fortinet FortiClient EMS. KEV listing indicates confirmed exploitation in the wild; this CVE warrants immediate patching attention.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2023-48788?
CVE-2023-48788 has a CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 (NVD).
Which products are affected by CVE-2023-48788?
CVE-2023-48788 affects Fortinet FortiClient EMS. The full affected-products list, including version ranges and fixed versions, is shown in the Affected Packages section of this page.
How do I remediate CVE-2023-48788?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2023-48788, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

Dependency Blast Radius

Explore the affected products and dependency analysis for CVE-2023-48788

Explore →

Is Your Infrastructure Affected by CVE-2023-48788?

EchelonGraph automatically scans your cloud infrastructure and maps CVE exposure using blast radius analysis.

Start Free Scan →Browse All CVEs