CVE-2023-4760

CRITICALNVD 9.89.8
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

This critical-severity CVE scores 9.8 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 1.2% (69th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs). GitHub Security Advisory CVSS 7.6 is lower than this score; a lower GitHub score revises it only when its advisory is newer than the CVE record's last change, and this advisory (published 2023-09-21) is not newer than that change (2026-06-17), so it does not.

Triggered by: Headline CVSS from NVD CVSS v3
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3
Trending — 3 sources updated this week
9.8EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan mitigationRemediate within your standard update timelines (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 1.2%CVSS: 9.8Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

An upstream fix is merged but not yet released — mitigate (WAF / firewall / segmentation) until the release ships, then apply it.

In Eclipse RAP versions from 3.0.0 up to and including 3.25.0, Remote Code Execution is possible on Windows when using the FileUpload component.

The reason for this is a not completely secure extraction of the file name in the FileUploadProcessor.stripFileName(String name) method. As soon as this finds a / in the path, everything before it is removed, but potentially \ (backslashes) coming further back are kept.

For example, a file name such as /..\..\webapps\shell.war can be used to upload a file to a Tomcat server under Windows, which is then saved as ..\..\webapps\shell.war in its webapps directory and can then be executed.

CVSS v3
9.8
EG Score
9.8CRITICALmedium confidence
EG Risk
45
EG Risk 45/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity98% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 9.8 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation1.2% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at every mission impact level.
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: An upstream fix is merged but not yet in a tagged release. Restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation within your standard update timelines until it ships, then apply the release.
EPSS PROB
1.2%
EPSS %ILE
69th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (9.8): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.8 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
9.8 CRITICALCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.NVD CVSS v3 · CVSS v3.0 or v3.1
EG Likelihood
1.2% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-22). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at every mission impact level.CISA BOD 26-04: 60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at every mission impact level.

An upstream fix is merged but not yet in a tagged release. Restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation within your standard update timelines until it ships, then apply the release.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

September 21, 2023

Last Modified

June 17, 2026

Advisory Details (2)

Auto-updated Oct 12, 2026
Upstream fix merged — awaiting tagged release. Sources: github_pr.
Web page

rt.rap: RCE on RAP File Upload (#160) · Issues · Eclipse Projects Security / vulnerability-reports · GitLab

https://gitlab.eclipse.org/security/vulnerability-reports/-/issues/160
GitHub pull request

Fix handling of file names on Windows

Fix merged in eclipse-rap/org.eclipse.rap PR #141 on 2023-09-04 — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/eclipse-rap/org.eclipse.rap/pull/141

Weakness Classification(2)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 14× in last 7d / 39× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 92 of 211 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 8 repeat rows among the latest 100 are merged into the row they repeat. The 119 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-10-22 17:25 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-10-22 17:25 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-7ch5-jhg9-j5p5 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 7.6
  3. 2026-10-22 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 69th percentile
  4. 2026-10-21 19:33 UTCEG score recompute
  5. 2026-10-21 19:33 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-7ch5-jhg9-j5p5 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 7.6
  6. 2026-10-21 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 69th percentile
  7. 2026-10-20 21:55 UTCEG score recompute
  8. 2026-10-20 21:55 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-7ch5-jhg9-j5p5 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 7.6
  9. 2026-10-20 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 68th percentile
  10. 2026-10-19 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 68th percentile
  11. 2026-10-18 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 68th percentile
  12. 2026-10-18 07:46 UTCEG score recompute
  13. 2026-10-17 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 68th percentile
  14. 2026-10-16 16:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 68th percentile
  15. 2026-10-15 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 68th percentile
  16. 2026-10-14 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 68th percentile
  17. 2026-10-13 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 68th percentile
  18. 2026-10-13 00:54 UTCOSV refresh
  19. 2026-10-12 18:16 UTCEG score recompute
  20. 2026-10-12 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 68th percentile
  21. 2026-10-11 21:42 UTCEG score recompute
  22. 2026-10-11 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 68th percentile
  23. 2026-10-10 19:57 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 68th percentile
  24. 2026-10-09 20:05 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 68th percentile
  25. 2026-10-08 17:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 68th percentile
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  1. 2026-10-07 23:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 68th percentile
  2. 2026-10-06 15:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 68th percentile
  3. 2026-10-05 17:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 68th percentile
  4. 2026-10-04 23:20 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 68th percentile
  5. 2026-10-03 14:23 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 68th percentile
  6. 2026-10-01 19:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 68th percentile
  7. 2026-09-30 16:33 UTCEG score recompute
  8. 2026-09-30 15:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 68th percentile
  9. 2026-09-29 15:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 68th percentile
  10. 2026-09-28 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 68th percentile
  11. 2026-09-27 13:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 68th percentile
  12. 2026-09-26 00:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 68th percentile
  13. 2026-09-24 14:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 68th percentile
  14. 2026-09-23 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 68th percentile
  15. 2026-09-22 23:02 UTCOSV refresh
  16. 2026-09-22 14:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 68th percentile
  17. 2026-09-21 20:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.0% · 62nd percentile
  18. 2026-09-20 20:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.0% · 62nd percentile
  19. 2026-09-18 19:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.0% · 62nd percentile
  20. 2026-09-17 19:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.0% · 62nd percentile
  21. 2026-09-16 14:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.0% · 62nd percentile
  22. 2026-09-16 05:11 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.0% · 62nd percentile
  23. 2026-09-15 03:08 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.0% · 62nd percentile
  24. 2026-09-13 16:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.0% · 62nd percentile
  25. 2026-09-12 14:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.0% · 62nd percentile
  26. 2026-09-11 14:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.0% · 62nd percentile
  27. 2026-09-11 09:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.0% · 62nd percentile
  28. 2026-09-08 21:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.0% · 61st percentile
  29. 2026-09-07 15:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.0% · 61st percentile
  30. 2026-09-06 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.0% · 61st percentile
  31. 2026-09-05 15:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.0% · 61st percentile
  32. 2026-09-04 13:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.0% · 61st percentile
  33. 2026-09-04 05:04 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.0% · 61st percentile
  34. 2026-09-03 17:59 UTCOSV refresh
  35. 2026-09-02 14:09 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.0% · 61st percentile
  36. 2026-09-01 13:51 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.0% · 61st percentile
  37. 2026-09-01 04:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.0% · 61st percentile
  38. 2026-08-30 19:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.0% · 61st percentile
  39. 2026-08-30 01:20 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.0% · 61st percentile
  40. 2026-08-28 21:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.0% · 61st percentile
  41. 2026-08-27 14:23 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.0% · 61st percentile
  42. 2026-08-26 14:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.0% · 61st percentile
  43. 2026-08-25 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.0% · 61st percentile
  44. 2026-08-24 14:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.0% · 61st percentile
  45. 2026-08-23 00:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.0% · 61st percentile
  46. 2026-08-21 23:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.0% · 61st percentile
  47. 2026-08-20 22:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.0% · 61st percentile
  48. 2026-08-19 17:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.0% · 61st percentile
  49. 2026-08-18 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.0% · 61st percentile
  50. 2026-08-17 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.0% · 61st percentile
  51. 2026-08-17 07:01 UTCOSV refresh
  52. 2026-08-16 14:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.0% · 61st percentile
  53. 2026-08-16 02:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.0% · 61st percentile
  54. 2026-08-15 01:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.0% · 61st percentile
  55. 2026-08-13 21:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.0% · 60th percentile
  56. 2026-08-12 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.0% · 60th percentile
  57. 2026-08-11 13:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.0% · 60th percentile
  58. 2026-08-10 23:57 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.0% · 60th percentile
  59. 2026-08-09 13:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.0% · 60th percentile
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  67. 2026-08-02 02:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.0% · 60th percentile

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2023-4760?
CVE-2023-4760 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on September 21, 2023. In Eclipse RAP versions from 3.0.0 up to and including 3.25.0, Remote Code Execution is possible on Windows when using the FileUpload component. The reason for this is a not completely secure extraction of the file name in the FileUploadProcessor.stripFileName(String name) method. As soon as this…
When was CVE-2023-4760 made public?
CVE-2023-4760 was made public on September 21, 2023: that is the date its CVE record's CNA, Eclipse Foundation, gives for when the vulnerability was made public. The CVE record itself was published on September 21, 2023. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of June 17, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2023-4760 actively exploited?
CVE-2023-4760 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 1.2% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (69th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2023-4760?
CVE-2023-4760 has a CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2023-4760?
An upstream fix for CVE-2023-4760 has been merged but is not yet in a tagged release. Until it ships, restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation, then update to the release that contains the fix.

Dependency Blast Radius

Explore the affected products and dependency analysis for CVE-2023-4760

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