CVE-2023-46232

MEDIUMNVD 5.35.3—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

This medium-severity CVE scores 5.3 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 0.6% (44th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs). GitHub Security Advisory data not yet ingested — confidence will rise once GHSA publishes (typical lag: hours to days for open-source ecosystem CVEs; never for infrastructure-only CVEs).

Triggered by: NVD CVSS baseline
Sources: epss, nvd
5.3EG
EchelonGraph verdictMonitorLow exploitation likelihood right now — keep watching.
  • Lower severity and no public exploit yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.6%CVSS: 5.3Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

The CVE record names the fixed release — apply it.

era-compiler-vyper is the EraVM Vyper compiler for zkSync Era, a layer 2 rollup that uses zero-knowledge proofs to scale Ethereum. Prior to era-compiler-vype version 1.3.10, a bug prevented the initialization of the first immutable variable for Vyper contracts meeting certain criteria. The problem arises when there is a String or Array with more 256-bit words allocated than initialized. It results in the second word’s index unset, that is effectively set to 0, so the first immutable value with the actual 0 index is overwritten in the ImmutableSimulator. Version 1.3.10 fixes this issue by setting all indexes in advance. The problem will go away, but it will get more expensive if the user allocates a lot of uninitialized space, e.g. String[4096]. Upgrading and redeploying affected contracts is the only way of working around the issue.

CVSS v3
5.3
EG Score
5.3MEDIUMmedium confidence
EG Risk
39
EG Risk 39/100CISA SSVC

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity53% × 45%
Exploitation1% × 40%
Automatability100% × 15%
CISA SSVC: Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).
Action: The CVE record names the fixed release. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
EPSS PROB
0.6%
EPSS %ILE
45th
KEV
Not listed

CISA SSVCTrack at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).

The CVE record names the fixed release. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it: high means the affected system is essential to your organisation's mission, or its compromise could cause irreversible harm to people. CISA's decision table

Published

October 25, 2023

Last Modified

June 17, 2026

References (6)

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 7× in last 7d / 31× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 194 total refreshes for this CVE.

  1. 2026-10-09 20:05 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-10-08 17:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-10-07 23:46 UTCEPSS rescore
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  9. 2026-09-30 16:32 UTCEG score recompute
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  1. 2026-09-16 05:11 UTCEPSS rescore
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  14. 2026-09-03 14:29 UTCOSV refresh
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  27. 2026-08-21 23:47 UTCEPSS rescore
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  31. 2026-08-18 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
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  33. 2026-08-17 03:53 UTCOSV refresh
  34. 2026-08-16 14:54 UTCEPSS rescore
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  37. 2026-08-13 21:58 UTCEPSS rescore
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  40. 2026-08-10 23:57 UTCEPSS rescore
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  51. 2026-08-02 02:25 UTCEPSS rescore
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  53. 2026-08-01 22:36 UTCOSV refresh
  54. 2026-08-01 04:14 UTCEPSS rescore
  55. 2026-07-30 16:26 UTCEPSS rescore
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  64. 2026-07-24 14:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  65. 2026-07-23 14:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  66. 2026-07-23 02:27 UTCEG score recompute
  67. 2026-07-22 23:14 UTCEG score recompute
  68. 2026-07-22 14:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  69. 2026-07-21 15:23 UTCEPSS rescore
  70. 2026-07-21 15:23 UTCEPSS rescore
  71. 2026-07-20 17:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  72. 2026-07-19 14:29 UTCEPSS rescore
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  74. 2026-07-19 02:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  75. 2026-07-18 10:03 UTCEPSS rescore

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Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2023-46232?
CVE-2023-46232 is a medium vulnerability published on October 25, 2023. era-compiler-vyper is the EraVM Vyper compiler for zkSync Era, a layer 2 rollup that uses zero-knowledge proofs to scale Ethereum. Prior to era-compiler-vype version 1.3.10, a bug prevented the initialization of the first immutable variable for Vyper contracts meeting certain criteria. The problem…
When was CVE-2023-46232 disclosed?
CVE-2023-46232 was first published on October 25, 2023, with the most recent update on June 17, 2026. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2023-46232 actively exploited?
CVE-2023-46232 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.6% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (45th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2023-46232?
CVE-2023-46232 has a CVSS v3 base score of 5.3 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2023-46232?
The CVE record for CVE-2023-46232 names the fix: "Version 1.3.10 fixes this issue by setting all indexes in advance."

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