CVE-2023-4474

CRITICALPre-NVD 9.89.8—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

Score 9.8 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: CRITICAL) published 2023-11-30. a secondary CVSS source baseline 9.8; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: epss, ghsa, secondary
Elevated
9.8EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixSerious severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet.
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 30%CVSS: 9.8Exploit: Elevated riskExposed: 0

No vendor fix yet — apply a workaround or compensating control (WAF / firewall / segmentation) and watch for a patch.

The improper neutralization of special elements in the WSGI server of the Zyxel NAS326 firmware version V5.21(AAZF.14)C0 and NAS542 firmware version V5.21(ABAG.11)C0 could allow an unauthenticated attacker to execute some operating system (OS) commands by sending a crafted URL to a vulnerable device.

CVSS v3
9.8
EG Score
9.8(medium)
EG Risk
75(Attend)
EG Risk 75/100SSVC: Attend

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity98% × 45%
Exploitation40% × 40%
Automatability100% × 15%
Action: Remediate soon — notable exploitation risk.
EPSS PROB
30%
EPSS %ILE
98%
KEV
Not listed

Published

November 30, 2023

Last Modified

June 17, 2026

Advisory Details (2)

Auto-updated Jul 26, 2026
No patch confirmed yet.
generic

Zyxel security advisory for authentication bypass and command injection vulnerabilities in NAS products | Zyxel Networks

https://www.zyxel.com/global/en/support/security-advisories/zyxel-security-advisory-for-authentication-bypass-and-command-injection-vulnerabilities-in-nas-products
generic

Authentication Bypass Vulnerability in Embedded Firmware (Zyxel NAS Case Study)

https://bugprove.com/knowledge-hub/cve-2023-4473-and-cve-2023-4474-authentication-bypass-and-multiple-blind-os-command-injection-vulnerabilities-in-zyxel-s-nas-326-devices/

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 11× in last 7d / 34× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

  1. 2026-07-26 14:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-07-25 14:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-07-24 14:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-07-24 14:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-07-23 14:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-07-23 02:27 UTCEG score recompute
  7. 2026-07-22 23:13 UTCEG score recompute
  8. 2026-07-22 14:06 UTCEPSS rescore
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  15. 2026-07-16 17:01 UTCEPSS rescore
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  1. 2026-07-07 13:44 UTCEPSS rescore
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  3. 2026-07-05 02:29 UTCEPSS rescore
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  6. 2026-07-02 16:59 UTCEPSS rescore
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  8. 2026-06-29 14:05 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-06-28 04:55 UTCEPSS rescore
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  11. 2026-06-25 13:48 UTCEPSS rescore
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  15. 2026-06-23 21:31 UTCEPSS rescore
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  17. 2026-06-21 14:55 UTCEPSS rescore
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  19. 2026-06-21 01:58 UTCEPSS rescore
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  21. 2026-06-19 19:24 UTCEPSS rescore
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  23. 2026-06-18 17:51 UTCEPSS rescore
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  25. 2026-06-16 17:51 UTCEPSS rescore
  26. 2026-06-16 17:51 UTCEPSS rescore
  27. 2026-06-15 17:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  28. 2026-06-14 23:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  29. 2026-06-13 22:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  30. 2026-06-13 22:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  31. 2026-06-12 23:11 UTCEPSS rescore
  32. 2026-06-12 23:10 UTCEPSS rescore
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  34. 2026-06-10 22:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  35. 2026-06-10 13:21 UTCEPSS rescore
  36. 2026-06-08 14:16 UTCEPSS rescore
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  38. 2026-06-07 15:24 UTCEPSS rescore
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  40. 2026-06-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
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  44. 2026-06-05 06:09 UTCEPSS rescore
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  50. 2026-06-02 20:12 UTCEPSS rescore
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  52. 2026-06-01 13:51 UTCEPSS rescore
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  54. 2026-05-31 22:30 UTCEPSS rescore
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  56. 2026-05-31 00:15 UTCEPSS rescore
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  58. 2026-05-29 13:43 UTCEPSS rescore
  59. 2026-05-28 13:44 UTCEPSS rescore
  60. 2026-05-27 13:39 UTCEPSS rescore
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  62. 2026-05-26 13:43 UTCEPSS rescore
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  64. 2026-05-26 07:18 UTCEPSS rescore
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  66. 2026-05-26 07:18 UTCEPSS rescore
  67. 2026-05-24 13:09 UTCEG score recompute
  68. 2026-05-24 13:09 UTCGHSA enrichment

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Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2023-4474?
CVE-2023-4474 is a critical vulnerability published on November 30, 2023. The improper neutralization of special elements in the WSGI server of the Zyxel NAS326 firmware version V5.21(AAZF.14)C0 and NAS542 firmware version V5.21(ABAG.11)C0 could allow an unauthenticated attacker to execute some operating system (OS) commands by sending a crafted URL to a vulnerable…
When was CVE-2023-4474 disclosed?
CVE-2023-4474 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on November 30, 2023, with the most recent update on June 17, 2026. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2023-4474 actively exploited?
CVE-2023-4474 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 30% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, which ranks it in the top 2.0% of all scored CVEs.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2023-4474?
CVE-2023-4474 has a CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2023-4474?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2023-4474, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

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