CVE-2023-4001

MEDIUMNVD 6.86.8—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

This medium-severity CVE scores 6.8 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 0.5%, top 58% of all CVEs by exploit prediction. GitHub Security Advisory enrichment pending alignment with NVD CVSS.

Triggered by: NVD CVSS baseline
Sources: epss, ghsa, nvd
6.8
EchelonGraph verdictMonitorLow exploitation likelihood right now — keep watching.
  • Lower severity and no public exploit yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS: 1%CVSS: 6.8Exploit: NoneExposed: 0

A fix is available — apply it.

An authentication bypass flaw was found in GRUB due to the way that GRUB uses the UUID of a device to search for the configuration file that contains the password hash for the GRUB password protection feature. An attacker capable of attaching an external drive such as a USB stick containing a file system with a duplicate UUID (the same as in the "/boot/" file system) can bypass the GRUB password protection feature on UEFI systems, which enumerate removable drives before non-removable ones. This issue was introduced in a downstream patch in Red Hat's version of grub2 and does not affect the upstream package.

CVSS v3
6.8
EG Score
6.8(medium)
EG Risk
31(Track)
EG Risk 31/100SSVC: Track

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity68% × 45%
Exploitation1% × 40%
Automatability0% × 15%
Action: Routine — remediate on your standard cadence.
EPSS
42.2%
KEV
Not listed

Published

January 15, 2024

Last Modified

November 21, 2024

References (16)

Patch Availability(3)

Vendor / EcosystemFixed in / PatchReleasedSource
redhatgrub2-1:2.06-27.el9_0.162024-01-25redhat
redhatgrub2-1:2.06-61.el9_2.22024-01-25redhat
redhatgrub2-1:2.06-70.el9_3.22024-01-25redhat

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

All Vendor Advisories

(4)

Every vendor that published an advisory referencing this CVE — pulled from our cve_vendor_advisories aggregation. Click any row for the vendor's original advisory page.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 12× in last 7d / 47× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

  1. 2026-07-23 02:25 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-07-22 23:12 UTCEG score recompute▲ 1.20
  3. 2026-07-22 14:06 UTCEPSS rescore
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  73. 2026-05-24 10:20 UTCEG score recompute
  74. 2026-05-24 10:20 UTCVendor advisory
  75. 2026-05-24 10:20 UTCGHSA enrichment

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2023-4001?
CVE-2023-4001 is a medium vulnerability published on January 15, 2024. An authentication bypass flaw was found in GRUB due to the way that GRUB uses the UUID of a device to search for the configuration file that contains the password hash for the GRUB password protection feature. An attacker capable of attaching an external drive such as a USB stick containing a file…
When was CVE-2023-4001 disclosed?
CVE-2023-4001 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on January 15, 2024, with the most recent update on November 21, 2024. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2023-4001 actively exploited?
CVE-2023-4001 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 42.2% percentile likelihood of exploitation in the next 30 days — higher percentiles indicate greater predicted risk.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2023-4001?
CVE-2023-4001 has a CVSS v3 base score of 6.8 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2023-4001?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2023-4001, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

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