CVE-2023-33778

CRITICALNVD 9.89.8
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

Score 9.8 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: CRITICAL) published 2023-06-01. NVD baseline CVSS 9.8; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3
Trending — 3 sources updated this weekElevated
9.8EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan mitigationRemediate within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • CISA's Vulnrichment rates exploitation as PoC; EchelonGraph holds no exploit-code reference for it
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.6%CVSS: 9.8Exploit: No code on recordExposed services: Not assessed

No fix is confirmed yet — apply a workaround or compensating control (WAF / firewall / segmentation) and watch for the fix.

Draytek Vigor Routers firmware versions below 3.9.6/4.2.4, Access Points firmware versions below v1.4.0, Switches firmware versions below 2.6.7, and Myvigor firmware versions below 2.3.2 were discovered to use hardcoded encryption keys which allows attackers to bind any affected device to their own account. Attackers are then able to create WCF and DrayDDNS licenses and synchronize them from the website.

CVSS v3
9.8
EG Score
9.8CRITICALmedium confidence
EG Risk
75
EG Risk 75/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity98% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 9.8 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation40% × 40%
EchelonGraph's fixed weight for EG-KEV Tier 3 (Elevated): a constant, not a probability.
Automatability100% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: yes (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.
Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: No fix is confirmed yet. Restrict network exposure of the affected system within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high, and watch for a fix.
EPSS PROB
0.6%
EPSS %ILE
47th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (9.8): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.8 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
9.8 CRITICALCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
0.6% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-23). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track* at medium mission impactTrack at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.CISA BOD 26-04: 3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.Each input and its source: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.

No fix is confirmed yet. Restrict network exposure of the affected system within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high, and watch for a fix.

Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.

In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

June 1, 2023

Last Modified

January 9, 2025

Advisory Details (1)

Auto-updated Oct 10, 2026
No fix on record yet.
Web page

DrayTek-vigor-vul-description · GitHub

https://gist.github.com/Ji4n1ng/6d028709d39458f5ab95b3ea211225ef

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 23× in last 7d / 53× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 98 of 220 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 2 repeat rows among the latest 100 are merged into the row they repeat. The 122 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-10-23 20:09 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-10-23 20:09 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-68ff-q375-8phx · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  3. 2026-10-23 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  4. 2026-10-22 21:02 UTCEG score recompute
  5. 2026-10-22 21:02 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-68ff-q375-8phx · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  6. 2026-10-22 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  7. 2026-10-21 21:58 UTCEG score recompute
  8. 2026-10-21 21:58 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-68ff-q375-8phx · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  9. 2026-10-21 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  10. 2026-10-20 22:52 UTCEG score recompute
  11. 2026-10-20 22:52 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-68ff-q375-8phx · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  12. 2026-10-20 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  13. 2026-10-19 23:47 UTCEG score recompute
  14. 2026-10-19 23:47 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-68ff-q375-8phx · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  15. 2026-10-19 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  16. 2026-10-18 23:12 UTCEG score recompute
  17. 2026-10-18 23:12 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-68ff-q375-8phx · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  18. 2026-10-18 07:59 UTCEG score recompute
  19. 2026-10-18 00:06 UTCEG score recompute
  20. 2026-10-18 00:06 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-68ff-q375-8phx · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  21. 2026-10-17 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  22. 2026-10-17 00:59 UTCEG score recompute
  23. 2026-10-17 00:58 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-68ff-q375-8phx · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  24. 2026-10-16 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  25. 2026-10-16 01:03 UTCEG score recompute
Show 73 more
  1. 2026-10-16 01:02 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-68ff-q375-8phx · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  2. 2026-10-15 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  3. 2026-10-14 20:02 UTCEG score recompute
  4. 2026-10-14 20:01 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-68ff-q375-8phx · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  5. 2026-10-14 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  6. 2026-10-13 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  7. 2026-10-13 16:12 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-68ff-q375-8phx · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  8. 2026-10-12 17:05 UTCEG score recompute
  9. 2026-10-12 17:05 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-68ff-q375-8phx · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  10. 2026-10-12 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  11. 2026-10-11 21:51 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-10-11 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  13. 2026-10-10 19:57 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  14. 2026-10-09 20:05 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  15. 2026-10-08 17:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  16. 2026-10-07 23:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  17. 2026-10-06 15:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  18. 2026-10-05 17:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  19. 2026-10-04 23:20 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  20. 2026-10-03 14:23 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  21. 2026-09-30 16:24 UTCEG score recompute
  22. 2026-09-30 15:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  23. 2026-09-29 15:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  24. 2026-09-28 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  25. 2026-09-27 13:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  26. 2026-09-26 15:55 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  27. 2026-09-26 00:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  28. 2026-09-24 14:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  29. 2026-09-23 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  30. 2026-09-22 14:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  31. 2026-09-20 20:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  32. 2026-09-16 14:05 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  33. 2026-09-13 16:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  34. 2026-09-12 14:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  35. 2026-09-11 14:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  36. 2026-09-11 09:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  37. 2026-09-08 21:57 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  38. 2026-09-07 15:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  39. 2026-09-06 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  40. 2026-09-05 15:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  41. 2026-09-04 13:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  42. 2026-09-04 05:04 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  43. 2026-09-02 14:09 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  44. 2026-09-01 13:51 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  45. 2026-08-30 19:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  46. 2026-08-30 01:20 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  47. 2026-08-28 21:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  48. 2026-08-27 14:23 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  49. 2026-08-26 14:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  50. 2026-08-25 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  51. 2026-08-24 14:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  52. 2026-08-23 00:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  53. 2026-08-21 23:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  54. 2026-08-20 22:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  55. 2026-08-19 17:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  56. 2026-08-18 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  57. 2026-08-17 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  58. 2026-08-16 14:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  59. 2026-08-16 02:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  60. 2026-08-15 01:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  61. 2026-08-13 21:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  62. 2026-08-12 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  63. 2026-08-11 13:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  64. 2026-08-09 13:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  65. 2026-08-08 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  66. 2026-08-07 16:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  67. 2026-08-06 13:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  68. 2026-08-05 19:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  69. 2026-08-04 15:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  70. 2026-08-04 10:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  71. 2026-08-03 10:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  72. 2026-08-02 02:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  73. 2026-08-01 04:13 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2023-33778?
CVE-2023-33778 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on June 1, 2023. Draytek Vigor Routers firmware versions below 3.9.6/4.2.4, Access Points firmware versions below v1.4.0, Switches firmware versions below 2.6.7, and Myvigor firmware versions below 2.3.2 were discovered to use hardcoded encryption keys which allows attackers to bind any affected device to their own…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2023-33778 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2023-33778 was published on June 1, 2023. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of January 9, 2025; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2023-33778 actively exploited?
CVE-2023-33778 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.6% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (47th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2023-33778?
CVE-2023-33778 has a CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2023-33778?
No fix for CVE-2023-33778 is confirmed yet. Until one is published, restrict network exposure of the affected system — for example, keep it off the internet or limit it to trusted networks — and watch for a fix.

Dependency Blast Radius

Explore the affected products and dependency analysis for CVE-2023-33778

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