CVE-2023-32076

MEDIUMNVD 5.55.5
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

This medium-severity CVE scores 5.5 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 0.2% (14th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs). No GitHub Security Advisory CVSS is on record for this CVE.

Triggered by: Headline CVSS from NVD CVSS v3
Sources: EPSS, NVD CVSS v3
5.5EG
EchelonGraph verdictMonitorRemediate within your standard update timelines (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • Lower severity and no public exploit yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.2%CVSS: 5.5Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

in-toto is a framework to protect supply chain integrity. The in-toto configuration is read from various directories and allows users to configure the behavior of the framework. The files are from directories following the XDG base directory specification. In versions 1.4.0 and prior, among the files read is .in_totorc which is a hidden file in the directory in which in-toto is run. If an attacker controls the inputs to a supply chain step, they can mask their activities by also passing in an .in_totorc file that includes the necessary exclude patterns and settings. RC files are widely used in other systems and security issues have been discovered in their implementations as well. Maintainers found in their conversations with in-toto adopters that in_totorc is not their preferred way to configure in-toto. As none of the options supported in in_totorc is unique, and can be set elsewhere using API parameters or CLI arguments, the maintainers decided to drop support for in_totorc. in-toto's user_settings module has been dropped altogether in commit 3a21d84f40811b7d191fa7bd17265c1f99599afd. Users may also sandbox functionary code as a security measure.

CVSS v3
5.5
EG Score
5.5MEDIUMmedium confidence
EG Risk
25
EG Risk 25/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity55% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 5.5 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation0.2% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at every mission impact level.
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
EPSS PROB
0.2%
EPSS %ILE
14th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (5.5): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 5.5 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
5.5 MEDIUMCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.NVD CVSS v3 · CVSS v3.0 or v3.1
EG Likelihood
0.2% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-17). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at every mission impact level.CISA BOD 26-04: 60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at every mission impact level.

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

May 10, 2023

Last Modified

November 21, 2024

References (4)

Affected Packages

(3 across 3 ecosystems)
Debian:11(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
in-toto1.0.1-1, 1.2.0-1, 1.3.1-1, 2.0.0-1
  • every version on: no fix on record
—
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
in-toto1.3.1-1, 2.0.0-1, 2.0.0-1.1
  • every version on: no fix on record
—
PyPI(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
in-toto0.1.1 ... 1.4.0 (24 versions)
  • every version up to 2.0.0: fixed in 2.0.0
—

Weakness Classification(2)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 8× in last 7d / 33× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 94 of 195 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 6 repeat rows among the latest 100 are merged into the row they repeat. The 101 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-10-23 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  2. 2026-10-22 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  3. 2026-10-21 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  4. 2026-10-20 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  5. 2026-10-19 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  6. 2026-10-18 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  7. 2026-10-18 08:01 UTCEG score recompute
  8. 2026-10-17 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  9. 2026-10-16 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  10. 2026-10-15 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  11. 2026-10-14 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  12. 2026-10-14 07:24 UTCOSV refresh
  13. 2026-10-13 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  14. 2026-10-12 18:27 UTCEG score recompute
  15. 2026-10-12 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  16. 2026-10-11 21:53 UTCEG score recompute
  17. 2026-10-11 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  18. 2026-10-10 19:57 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  19. 2026-10-09 20:05 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  20. 2026-10-08 17:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  21. 2026-10-07 23:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  22. 2026-10-06 15:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  23. 2026-10-05 17:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  24. 2026-10-04 23:20 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  25. 2026-10-03 14:23 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
Show 69 more
  1. 2026-09-30 16:23 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-09-30 15:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  3. 2026-09-29 15:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  4. 2026-09-28 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  5. 2026-09-27 13:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  6. 2026-09-26 15:55 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  7. 2026-09-26 00:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  8. 2026-09-24 14:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  9. 2026-09-23 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  10. 2026-09-23 12:09 UTCOSV refresh
  11. 2026-09-22 14:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  12. 2026-09-20 20:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  13. 2026-09-16 14:05 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  14. 2026-09-13 16:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  15. 2026-09-12 14:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  16. 2026-09-11 14:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  17. 2026-09-11 09:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  18. 2026-09-08 21:57 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  19. 2026-09-07 15:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  20. 2026-09-06 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  21. 2026-09-05 15:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  22. 2026-09-04 13:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  23. 2026-09-04 06:59 UTCOSV refresh
  24. 2026-09-04 05:04 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  25. 2026-09-02 14:09 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  26. 2026-09-01 13:51 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  27. 2026-08-30 19:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  28. 2026-08-30 01:20 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  29. 2026-08-28 21:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  30. 2026-08-27 14:23 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  31. 2026-08-26 14:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  32. 2026-08-25 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  33. 2026-08-24 14:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  34. 2026-08-23 00:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  35. 2026-08-21 23:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  36. 2026-08-20 22:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  37. 2026-08-19 17:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  38. 2026-08-18 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  39. 2026-08-17 17:59 UTCOSV refresh
  40. 2026-08-17 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  41. 2026-08-16 14:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  42. 2026-08-16 02:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  43. 2026-08-15 01:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  44. 2026-08-13 21:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  45. 2026-08-12 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  46. 2026-08-11 13:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  47. 2026-08-09 13:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  48. 2026-08-08 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  49. 2026-08-07 16:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  50. 2026-08-05 19:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  51. 2026-08-04 15:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  52. 2026-08-04 10:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  53. 2026-08-03 10:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  54. 2026-08-02 13:27 UTCOSV refresh
  55. 2026-08-02 02:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  56. 2026-08-01 04:13 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  57. 2026-07-30 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  58. 2026-07-30 01:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  59. 2026-07-28 15:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  60. 2026-07-27 14:10 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  61. 2026-07-26 14:52 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  62. 2026-07-25 14:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  63. 2026-07-24 14:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  64. 2026-07-23 14:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  65. 2026-07-23 02:22 UTCEG score recompute
  66. 2026-07-22 23:09 UTCEG score recompute
  67. 2026-07-22 14:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  68. 2026-07-21 15:23 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  69. 2026-07-20 17:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile

Related CVEs(same CWE)

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2023-32076?
CVE-2023-32076 is a medium-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on May 10, 2023. in-toto is a framework to protect supply chain integrity. The in-toto configuration is read from various directories and allows users to configure the behavior of the framework. The files are from directories following the XDG base directory specification. In versions 1.4.0 and prior, among the…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2023-32076 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2023-32076 was published on May 10, 2023. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of November 21, 2024; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2023-32076 actively exploited?
CVE-2023-32076 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.2% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (14th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2023-32076?
CVE-2023-32076 has a CVSS v3 base score of 5.5 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2023-32076?
A fix for CVE-2023-32076 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory.

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