Sofia-SIP is an open-source SIP User-Agent library, compliant with the IETF RFC3261 specification. In affected versions Sofia-SIP lacks both message length and attributes length checks when it handles STUN packets, leading to controllable heap-over-flow. For example, in stun_parse_attribute(), after we get the attribute's type and length value, the length will be used directly to copy from the heap, regardless of the message's left size. Since network users control the overflowed length, and the data is written to heap chunks later, attackers may achieve remote code execution by heap grooming or other exploitation methods. The bug was introduced 16 years ago in sofia-sip 1.12.4 (plus some patches through 12/21/2006) to in tree libs with git-svn-id: http://svn.freeswitch.org/svn/freeswitch/trunk@3774 d0543943-73ff-0310-b7d9-9358b9ac24b2. Users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability.
CVE-2023-22741
“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.
This critical-severity CVE scores 9.8 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 2.4% (83rd percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs). No GitHub Security Advisory CVSS is on record for this CVE.
- CISA's Vulnrichment rates exploitation as PoC; EchelonGraph holds no exploit-code reference for it
A fix is available — apply it.
- CVSS v3
- 9.8
- EG Score
- 9.8CRITICALmedium confidence
- EG Risk
- 75EG Risk 75/100
EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.
How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)Severity98% × 45%Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 9.8 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.Exploitation40% × 40%EchelonGraph's fixed weight for EG-KEV Tier 3 (Elevated): a constant, not a probability.Automatability100% × 15%CISA's SSVC Automatable value: yes (Vulnrichment).SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high. - EPSS PROB
- 2.4%
- EPSS %ILE
- 83rd
- KEV
- Not listed
What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)
The EG score (9.8): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.8 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.
- EG Severity
- 9.8 CRITICALCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.NVD CVSS v3 · CVSS v3.0 or v3.1
- EG Likelihood
- 2.4% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-23). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
- Confirmed exploitation
- None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
- EG Priority
- SSVC Track* at medium mission impactTrack at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.CISA BOD 26-04: 3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.Each input and its source: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.
A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table
BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.
In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it
Published
January 19, 2023
Last Modified
November 21, 2024
Advisory Details (3)
Auto-updated Oct 10, 2026heap-over-flow in stun_parse_attribute · Advisory · freeswitch/sofia-sip · GitHub
https://github.com/freeswitch/sofia-sip/security/advisories/GHSA-8599-x7rq-fr54commit da53e4fbcb13 (freeswitch/sofia-sip)
Patch available: freeswitch/sofia-sip v1.13.11 (contains commit da53e4fbcb13)
https://github.com/freeswitch/sofia-sip/commit/da53e4fbcb138b080a75576dd49c1fff2ada2764Patch Availability(1)
| Vendor / Ecosystem | Fix (by version range) / Patch | Released | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| ubuntu | libsofia-sip-ua-dev (1.12.11+20110422.1-2.1+deb10u3ubuntu0.20.04.1) @ focal | 2026-10-24 | ubuntu |
Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.
Affected Packages
(16 across 16 ecosystems)
Alpine:v3.14(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| sofia-sip | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.15(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| sofia-sip | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.16(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| sofia-sip | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.17(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| sofia-sip | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.18(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| sofia-sip | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.19(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| sofia-sip | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.20(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| sofia-sip | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.21(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| sofia-sip | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.22(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| sofia-sip | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.23(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| sofia-sip | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.24(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| sofia-sip | — |
| — |
Debian:10(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| sofia-sip | 1.12.11+20110422.1-2.1, 1.12.11+20110422.1-2.1+deb10u1 |
| — |
Debian:11(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| sofia-sip | 1.12.11+20110422.1-2.1 |
| — |
Debian:12(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| sofia-sip | — |
| — |
Debian:13(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| sofia-sip | — |
| — |
Debian:14(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| sofia-sip | — |
| — |
Weakness Classification(2)
MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.
All Vendor Advisories
(1)
Every vendor that published an advisory referencing this CVE — pulled from our cve_vendor_advisories aggregation. Click any row for the vendor's original advisory page.
Data Freshness Timeline
(refreshed 19× in last 7d / 48× in last 30d)
Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.
Showing the most recent 98 of 222 refreshes on record for this CVE.
A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 2 repeat rows among the latest 100 are merged into the row they repeat. The 124 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.
- 2026-10-24 00:56 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-24 00:56 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-23 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
- 2026-10-23 01:13 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-22 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
- 2026-10-22 01:25 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-22 01:25 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-21 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
- 2026-10-21 01:41 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-21 01:41 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-20 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
- 2026-10-20 01:59 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-20 01:59 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-19 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
- 2026-10-19 01:08 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-18 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
- 2026-10-18 08:12 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-18 01:23 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-17 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
- 2026-10-17 01:38 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-17 01:38 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-16 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
- 2026-10-16 01:54 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-16 01:54 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-15 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
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- 2026-10-14 21:23 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-14 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
- 2026-10-13 17:22 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-13 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
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- 2026-10-12 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
- 2026-10-11 21:59 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-11 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
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- 2026-10-01 19:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
- 2026-09-30 16:17 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-09-30 15:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
- 2026-09-29 15:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
- 2026-09-26 15:55 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
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- 2026-09-24 14:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
- 2026-09-23 23:11 UTCOSV refresh
- 2026-09-23 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
- 2026-09-22 14:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
- 2026-09-20 20:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
- 2026-09-19 15:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
- 2026-09-18 19:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
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- 2026-09-16 14:05 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
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- 2026-09-12 14:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 82nd percentile
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- 2026-09-05 15:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 82nd percentile
- 2026-09-04 17:24 UTCOSV refresh
- 2026-09-04 13:57 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 82nd percentile
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- 2026-09-02 14:09 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 82nd percentile
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- 2026-08-19 17:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 82nd percentile
- 2026-08-18 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 82nd percentile
- 2026-08-18 04:34 UTCOSV refresh
- 2026-08-17 13:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 82nd percentile
- 2026-08-16 14:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 82nd percentile
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- 2026-08-03 10:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 82nd percentile
- 2026-08-02 23:27 UTCOSV refresh
Related CVEs(same product + same vendor + same CWE)
Same product
5 shownAlpine:v3.14:sofia-sip · Debian:10:sofia-sip
Same vendor
4 shownubuntu:USN-5932-1
Same CWE
10 shownCWE-120 · CWE-787
Frequently asked(5)
What is CVE-2023-22741?
When was the CVE record for CVE-2023-22741 published?
Is CVE-2023-22741 actively exploited?
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2023-22741?
How do I remediate CVE-2023-22741?
Dependency Blast Radius
See which npm, PyPI, Go, and Maven packages are affected by CVE-2023-22741
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