CVE-2023-0361

HIGHNVD 7.47.5
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“▲” beside the score: it is higher than NVD's CVSS score.

Score 7.5 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: HIGH) published 2023-02-15. NVD baseline CVSS 7.4; sources differ by 0.1.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3
Trending — 4 sources updated this weekElevated
7.5EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • CISA's Vulnrichment rates exploitation as PoC; EchelonGraph holds no exploit-code reference for it
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 1.5%CVSS: 7.4Exploit: No code on recordExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

A timing side-channel in the handling of RSA ClientKeyExchange messages was discovered in GnuTLS. This side-channel can be sufficient to recover the key encrypted in the RSA ciphertext across a network in a Bleichenbacher style attack. To achieve a successful decryption the attacker would need to send a large amount of specially crafted messages to the vulnerable server. By recovering the secret from the ClientKeyExchange message, the attacker would be able to decrypt the application data exchanged over that connection.

CVSS v3
7.4
EG Score
7.5HIGHmedium confidence
EG Risk
50
EG Risk 50/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity75% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 7.5 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation40% × 40%
EchelonGraph's fixed weight for EG-KEV Tier 3 (Elevated): a constant, not a probability.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.
Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
EPSS PROB
1.5%
EPSS %ILE
73rd
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (7.5): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 7.5 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
7.5 HIGHCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
1.5% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-20). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track* at medium mission impactTrack at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.CISA BOD 26-04: 14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.

Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

February 15, 2023

Last Modified

October 14, 2026

Advisory Details (10)

Auto-updated Oct 14, 2026
Patch available. Sources: github_pr, redhat.
Web pageMentions a patch (unverified)

SSA-398330

https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-398330.html
Web page

[SECURITY] Fedora 36 Update: gnutls-3.8.0-2.fc36 - package-announce - Fedora mailing-lists

https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/WS4KVDOG6QTALWHC2QE4Y7VPDRMLTRWQ/
Web page

[SECURITY] Fedora 38 Update: guile-gnutls-3.7.11-1.fc38 - package-announce - Fedora mailing-lists

https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/Z634YBXAJ5VLDI62IOPBVP5K6YFHAWCY/
Web page

[SECURITY] Fedora 37 Update: gnutls-3.8.0-1.fc37 - package-announce - Fedora mailing-lists

https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/UFIA3X4IZ3CW7SRQ2UHNHNPMRIAWF2FI/
Web pageMentions a patch (unverified)

[SECURITY] [DLA 3321-1] gnutls28 security update

https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/02/msg00015.html
Web page

Timing sidechannel in RSA decryption (#1050) · Issues · gnutls / GnuTLS · GitLab

https://gitlab.com/gnutls/gnutls/-/issues/1050
GitHub pull request

Timing attacks - docs and minor fixes

Fix merged in tlsfuzzer/tlsfuzzer PR #679 on 2020-07-20 — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/tlsfuzzer/tlsfuzzer/pull/679
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)

CVE-2023-0361 - Red Hat Customer Portal

Affected: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 or OpenShift Container Platform 4, is affected by this vulnerability and a fix may be released to a

https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2023-0361

Patch Availability(5)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
ubuntulibgnutls-openssl27 (3.7.7-2ubuntu2.1) @ kinetic2026-10-21ubuntu
redhatgnutls-0:3.6.16-5.el8_6.12023-05-31redhat
redhatgnutls-0:3.6.16-6.el8_72023-04-04redhat
redhatgnutls-0:3.7.6-18.el9_02023-03-14redhat
redhatgnutls-0:3.7.6-18.el9_12023-03-07redhat

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(16 across 16 ecosystems)
Alpine:v3.14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
gnutls—
  • every version up to 3.7.1-r2: fixed in 3.7.1-r2
—
Alpine:v3.15(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
gnutls—
  • every version up to 3.7.1-r2: fixed in 3.7.1-r2
—
Alpine:v3.16(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
gnutls—
  • every version up to 3.7.7-r1: fixed in 3.7.7-r1
—
Alpine:v3.17(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
gnutls—
  • every version up to 3.7.8-r3: fixed in 3.7.8-r3
—
Alpine:v3.18(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
gnutls—
  • every version up to 3.8.0-r0: fixed in 3.8.0-r0
—
Alpine:v3.19(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
gnutls—
  • every version up to 3.8.0-r0: fixed in 3.8.0-r0
—
Alpine:v3.20(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
gnutls—
  • every version up to 3.8.0-r0: fixed in 3.8.0-r0
—
Alpine:v3.21(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
gnutls—
  • every version up to 3.8.0-r0: fixed in 3.8.0-r0
—
Alpine:v3.22(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
gnutls—
  • every version up to 3.8.0-r0: fixed in 3.8.0-r0
—
Alpine:v3.23(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
gnutls—
  • every version up to 3.8.0-r0: fixed in 3.8.0-r0
—
Alpine:v3.24(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
gnutls—
  • every version up to 3.8.0-r0: fixed in 3.8.0-r0
—
Debian:10(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
gnutls283.6.7-4 ... 3.6.7-4+deb10u9 (10 versions)
  • every version up to 3.6.7-4+deb10u10: fixed in 3.6.7-4+deb10u10
—
Debian:11(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
gnutls283.7.1-5, 3.7.1-5+deb11u1, 3.7.1-5+deb11u2
  • every version up to 3.7.1-5+deb11u3: fixed in 3.7.1-5+deb11u3
—
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
gnutls28—
  • every version up to 3.7.8-5: fixed in 3.7.8-5
—
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
gnutls28—
  • every version up to 3.7.8-5: fixed in 3.7.8-5
—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
gnutls28—
  • every version up to 3.7.8-5: fixed in 3.7.8-5
—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Additional Vendor Advisories

(5)

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 11× in last 7d / 37× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 94 of 190 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 6 repeat rows among the latest 100 are merged into the row they repeat. The 96 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-10-23 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.5% · 73rd percentile
  2. 2026-10-22 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.5% · 73rd percentile
  3. 2026-10-21 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.5% · 73rd percentile
  4. 2026-10-21 10:05 UTCEG score recompute
  5. 2026-10-21 10:05 UTCVendor advisory
  6. 2026-10-21 10:05 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-5547-g9w2-52xj · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.5
  7. 2026-10-20 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.5% · 73rd percentile
  8. 2026-10-19 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.5% · 73rd percentile
  9. 2026-10-18 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.5% · 73rd percentile
  10. 2026-10-18 08:18 UTCEG score recompute
  11. 2026-10-17 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.5% · 72nd percentile
  12. 2026-10-16 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.5% · 72nd percentile
  13. 2026-10-15 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.5% · 72nd percentile
  14. 2026-10-14 20:33 UTCVendor advisory
  15. 2026-10-14 20:32 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-5547-g9w2-52xj · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.5
  16. 2026-10-14 19:38 UTCEG score recompute
  17. 2026-10-14 19:38 UTCVendor advisory
  18. 2026-10-14 19:38 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-5547-g9w2-52xj · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.5
  19. 2026-10-14 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 72nd percentile
  20. 2026-10-13 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 72nd percentile
  21. 2026-10-12 18:40 UTCEG score recompute
  22. 2026-10-12 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 72nd percentile
  23. 2026-10-11 22:03 UTCEG score recompute
  24. 2026-10-11 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 72nd percentile
  25. 2026-10-10 19:57 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
Show 69 more
  1. 2026-10-09 20:05 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  2. 2026-10-08 17:05 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  3. 2026-10-07 23:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  4. 2026-10-06 15:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  5. 2026-10-05 17:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  6. 2026-10-03 14:23 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  7. 2026-09-30 16:13 UTCEG score recompute
  8. 2026-09-30 15:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  9. 2026-09-27 13:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  10. 2026-09-26 15:55 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  11. 2026-09-26 00:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  12. 2026-09-24 14:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  13. 2026-09-23 20:41 UTCOSV refresh
  14. 2026-09-23 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  15. 2026-09-20 20:13 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  16. 2026-09-16 14:05 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  17. 2026-09-16 05:11 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  18. 2026-09-15 03:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  19. 2026-09-11 14:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  20. 2026-09-11 09:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  21. 2026-09-08 21:57 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  22. 2026-09-07 15:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  23. 2026-09-06 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  24. 2026-09-05 15:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  25. 2026-09-04 15:24 UTCOSV refresh
  26. 2026-09-04 13:57 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  27. 2026-09-04 05:04 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  28. 2026-09-02 14:09 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  29. 2026-09-01 13:51 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  30. 2026-08-30 19:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  31. 2026-08-30 01:19 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  32. 2026-08-28 21:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  33. 2026-08-27 14:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  34. 2026-08-26 14:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  35. 2026-08-25 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  36. 2026-08-23 00:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  37. 2026-08-21 23:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  38. 2026-08-20 22:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  39. 2026-08-19 17:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  40. 2026-08-18 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  41. 2026-08-18 02:52 UTCOSV refresh
  42. 2026-08-17 13:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  43. 2026-08-16 14:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  44. 2026-08-16 02:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  45. 2026-08-15 01:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  46. 2026-08-13 21:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  47. 2026-08-12 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  48. 2026-08-09 13:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 69th percentile
  49. 2026-08-08 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 69th percentile
  50. 2026-08-07 16:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 69th percentile
  51. 2026-08-06 13:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 69th percentile
  52. 2026-08-05 19:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 69th percentile
  53. 2026-08-04 15:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 69th percentile
  54. 2026-08-04 10:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 69th percentile
  55. 2026-08-03 10:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 69th percentile
  56. 2026-08-02 21:27 UTCOSV refresh
  57. 2026-08-02 02:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 69th percentile
  58. 2026-08-01 04:13 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 69th percentile
  59. 2026-07-30 16:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 69th percentile
  60. 2026-07-30 01:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 69th percentile
  61. 2026-07-28 15:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 69th percentile
  62. 2026-07-26 14:52 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 69th percentile
  63. 2026-07-25 14:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 69th percentile
  64. 2026-07-24 14:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 69th percentile
  65. 2026-07-23 14:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 69th percentile
  66. 2026-07-23 02:17 UTCEG score recompute
  67. 2026-07-22 23:04 UTCEG score recompute
  68. 2026-07-22 14:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 69th percentile
  69. 2026-07-21 15:23 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 69th percentile

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2023-0361?
CVE-2023-0361 is a high-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on February 15, 2023. A timing side-channel in the handling of RSA ClientKeyExchange messages was discovered in GnuTLS. This side-channel can be sufficient to recover the key encrypted in the RSA ciphertext across a network in a Bleichenbacher style attack. To achieve a successful decryption the attacker would need to…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2023-0361 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2023-0361 was published on February 15, 2023. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of October 14, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2023-0361 actively exploited?
CVE-2023-0361 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 1.5% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (73rd percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2023-0361?
CVE-2023-0361 has a CVSS v3 base score of 7.4 (NVD). EchelonGraph synthesises NVD + CISA KEV + FIRST EPSS + GHSA into a combined EG score of 7.5 (HIGH).
How do I remediate CVE-2023-0361?
A fix for CVE-2023-0361 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2023-0361 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

Dependency Blast Radius

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