CVE-2022-42475

CRITICALNVD 9.89.8—
EchelonGraph scoreHIGH confidence

Score elevated to 9.8 because this CVE is listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog (added 2022-12-13), indicating real-world exploitation has been confirmed by US federal agencies. NVD baseline CVSS 9.8 retained for reference. Confidence: HIGH.

Triggered by: CISA KEV (actively exploited)
Sources: cisa_kev, epss, ghsa, nvd
Exploited in the wild
9.8EG
EchelonGraph verdictMitigate nowTreat as an emergency — this is being exploited.
  • 9 internet-facing services (distinct ip:port) on record running an affected version — derived from Shodan data (© Shodan); a patched service can stay counted while its port stays open
  • Actively exploited in the wild (CISA-KEV)
  • Linked to ransomware campaigns
CISA-KEV: ExploitedEPSS PROB: 99%CVSS: 9.8Exploit: cisa kev · ssvc active · kev ransomware · epss top5pct · epss high · public exploitExposed services: 9

No fix is confirmed yet — apply a workaround or compensating control (WAF / firewall / segmentation) and watch for the fix.

A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability [CWE-122] in FortiOS SSL-VPN 7.2.0 through 7.2.2, 7.0.0 through 7.0.8, 6.4.0 through 6.4.10, 6.2.0 through 6.2.11, 6.0.15 and earlier and FortiProxy SSL-VPN 7.2.0 through 7.2.1, 7.0.7 and earlier may allow a remote unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code or commands via specifically crafted requests.

Internet exposure · derived from Shodan data

9 internet-facing services (distinct ip:port) on record running a version that maps to CVE-2022-42475, in our KEV-Exposure radar’s Shodan-derived sample.

across 6 countries (United States, Thailand, Canada, Indonesia, Japan)top: fortios🔒 ransomware-linked
See the KEV-Exposure radar →Derived from Shodan data. Shodan data is owned by Shodan, which holds its copyright (© Shodan). EchelonGraph claims no ownership of it or copyright in it. Aggregate, host-redacted.

How it counts: every 12 hours, when Shodan query credits allow, the radar runs one Shodan query per tracked product, reads up to 100 ip:port services per query, and keeps a service when its banner version matches a CISA-KEV or high-EPSS CVE; a service is dropped when neither a search nor a Shodan InternetDB port re-check has refreshed it for 21 days. A re-check that finds the port still listed by Shodan InternetDB refreshes the service without re-reading the banner, so a patched service can stay counted while its port stays open. A count is a banner-version inference over a sample, not an exploit test and not an internet-wide census, and the unit is a service, not a machine: a machine answering on two ports counts twice.

CVSS v3
9.8
EG Score
9.8CRITICALhigh confidence
EG Risk
99
EG Risk 99/100CISA SSVC

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity98% × 45%
Exploitation100% × 40%
Automatability100% × 15%
CISA SSVC: Attend at low mission impact; Act at medium or high.
Action: No fix is confirmed yet. Restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation sooner than your standard update timelines at low mission impact and as soon as possible at medium or high, and watch the vendor's advisory for the fix.
EPSS PROB
99%
EPSS %ILE
99th
KEV
⚠ Exploited

CISA SSVCAttend at low mission impact; Act at medium or high.

No fix is confirmed yet. Restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation sooner than your standard update timelines at low mission impact and as soon as possible at medium or high, and watch the vendor's advisory for the fix.

Exploitation active (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it: high means the affected system is essential to your organisation's mission, or its compromise could cause irreversible harm to people. CISA's decision table

Published

January 2, 2023

Last Modified

October 24, 2025

Advisory Details (2)

Auto-updated Oct 9, 2026
⚠️ Active exploitation confirmed. No fix on record yet. Sources: cisa.
cisa🔴 Active Exploitation

Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog | CISA

Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog | CISA. Listed in CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog.

https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2022-42475
generic🔴 Active Exploitation

PSIRT | FortiGuard Labs

https://fortiguard.com/psirt/FG-IR-22-398

Weakness Classification(2)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 43× in last 7d / 202× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 898 total refreshes for this CVE.

  1. 2026-10-10 01:55 UTCGHSA enrichment
  2. 2026-10-09 22:00 UTCGHSA enrichment
  3. 2026-10-09 18:04 UTCGHSA enrichment
  4. 2026-10-09 14:10 UTCGHSA enrichment
  5. 2026-10-09 10:16 UTCGHSA enrichment
  6. 2026-10-09 06:23 UTCGHSA enrichment
  7. 2026-10-09 02:28 UTCGHSA enrichment
  8. 2026-10-08 22:34 UTCGHSA enrichment
  9. 2026-10-08 18:40 UTCGHSA enrichment
  10. 2026-10-08 14:46 UTCGHSA enrichment
  11. 2026-10-08 10:52 UTCGHSA enrichment
  12. 2026-10-08 06:57 UTCGHSA enrichment
  13. 2026-10-08 03:03 UTCGHSA enrichment
  14. 2026-10-07 23:09 UTCGHSA enrichment
  15. 2026-10-07 19:14 UTCGHSA enrichment
  16. 2026-10-07 15:20 UTCGHSA enrichment
  17. 2026-10-07 11:26 UTCGHSA enrichment
  18. 2026-10-07 07:32 UTCGHSA enrichment
  19. 2026-10-07 03:37 UTCGHSA enrichment
  20. 2026-10-06 23:42 UTCGHSA enrichment
  21. 2026-10-06 19:48 UTCGHSA enrichment
  22. 2026-10-06 15:54 UTCGHSA enrichment
  23. 2026-10-06 12:00 UTCGHSA enrichment
  24. 2026-10-06 08:06 UTCGHSA enrichment
  25. 2026-10-06 04:13 UTCGHSA enrichment
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-10-06 00:19 UTCGHSA enrichment
  2. 2026-10-05 20:24 UTCGHSA enrichment
  3. 2026-10-05 16:30 UTCGHSA enrichment
  4. 2026-10-05 12:36 UTCGHSA enrichment
  5. 2026-10-05 08:43 UTCGHSA enrichment
  6. 2026-10-05 04:49 UTCGHSA enrichment
  7. 2026-10-05 00:54 UTCGHSA enrichment
  8. 2026-10-04 20:59 UTCGHSA enrichment
  9. 2026-10-04 17:04 UTCGHSA enrichment
  10. 2026-10-04 13:10 UTCGHSA enrichment
  11. 2026-10-04 09:16 UTCGHSA enrichment
  12. 2026-10-04 05:22 UTCGHSA enrichment
  13. 2026-10-04 01:28 UTCGHSA enrichment
  14. 2026-10-03 21:34 UTCGHSA enrichment
  15. 2026-10-03 17:39 UTCGHSA enrichment
  16. 2026-10-03 13:45 UTCGHSA enrichment
  17. 2026-10-03 09:49 UTCGHSA enrichment
  18. 2026-10-03 05:55 UTCGHSA enrichment
  19. 2026-10-03 02:01 UTCGHSA enrichment
  20. 2026-10-02 22:07 UTCGHSA enrichment
  21. 2026-10-02 18:14 UTCGHSA enrichment
  22. 2026-10-02 14:18 UTCGHSA enrichment
  23. 2026-10-02 10:24 UTCGHSA enrichment
  24. 2026-10-02 06:30 UTCGHSA enrichment
  25. 2026-10-02 02:36 UTCGHSA enrichment
  26. 2026-10-01 22:38 UTCGHSA enrichment
  27. 2026-10-01 18:44 UTCGHSA enrichment
  28. 2026-10-01 14:48 UTCGHSA enrichment
  29. 2026-10-01 10:54 UTCGHSA enrichment
  30. 2026-10-01 07:00 UTCGHSA enrichment
  31. 2026-10-01 03:06 UTCGHSA enrichment
  32. 2026-09-30 23:12 UTCGHSA enrichment
  33. 2026-09-30 19:18 UTCGHSA enrichment
  34. 2026-09-30 15:24 UTCGHSA enrichment
  35. 2026-09-30 11:30 UTCGHSA enrichment
  36. 2026-09-30 07:36 UTCGHSA enrichment
  37. 2026-09-30 03:42 UTCGHSA enrichment
  38. 2026-09-29 23:48 UTCGHSA enrichment
  39. 2026-09-29 19:54 UTCGHSA enrichment
  40. 2026-09-29 15:58 UTCGHSA enrichment
  41. 2026-09-29 12:04 UTCGHSA enrichment
  42. 2026-09-29 08:10 UTCGHSA enrichment
  43. 2026-09-29 04:15 UTCGHSA enrichment
  44. 2026-09-29 00:21 UTCEG score recompute
  45. 2026-09-29 00:20 UTCGHSA enrichment
  46. 2026-09-28 20:27 UTCGHSA enrichment
  47. 2026-09-28 16:33 UTCGHSA enrichment
  48. 2026-09-28 12:38 UTCGHSA enrichment
  49. 2026-09-28 08:44 UTCGHSA enrichment
  50. 2026-09-28 04:50 UTCGHSA enrichment
  51. 2026-09-28 00:56 UTCGHSA enrichment
  52. 2026-09-27 21:51 UTCCISA KEV update
  53. 2026-09-27 21:02 UTCGHSA enrichment
  54. 2026-09-27 17:08 UTCGHSA enrichment
  55. 2026-09-27 13:15 UTCGHSA enrichment
  56. 2026-09-27 09:21 UTCGHSA enrichment
  57. 2026-09-27 05:28 UTCGHSA enrichment
  58. 2026-09-27 01:32 UTCGHSA enrichment
  59. 2026-09-26 21:38 UTCGHSA enrichment
  60. 2026-09-26 17:45 UTCGHSA enrichment
  61. 2026-09-26 13:50 UTCGHSA enrichment
  62. 2026-09-26 09:55 UTCGHSA enrichment
  63. 2026-09-26 06:00 UTCGHSA enrichment
  64. 2026-09-26 02:03 UTCGHSA enrichment
  65. 2026-09-25 22:09 UTCGHSA enrichment
  66. 2026-09-25 19:35 UTCCISA KEV update
  67. 2026-09-25 18:15 UTCGHSA enrichment
  68. 2026-09-25 14:55 UTCCISA KEV update
  69. 2026-09-25 14:21 UTCGHSA enrichment
  70. 2026-09-25 10:25 UTCGHSA enrichment
  71. 2026-09-25 06:31 UTCGHSA enrichment
  72. 2026-09-25 02:38 UTCGHSA enrichment
  73. 2026-09-24 22:44 UTCGHSA enrichment
  74. 2026-09-24 19:31 UTCCISA KEV update
  75. 2026-09-24 18:50 UTCGHSA enrichment

Publicly available exploits

(4 references)

Working exploit code is in the public domain (4 GitHub PoCs). Defenders should treat patch urgency accordingly — public PoCs typically lead to mass-exploitation within 24-72 hours.

  • GitHub PoC0xhaggis/CVE-2022-42475
    First seen Jun 21, 2023

    An exploit for CVE-2022-42475, a pre-authentication heap overflow in Fortinet networking products

    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoCP4x1s/CVE-2022-42475-RCE-POC
    First seen Mar 23, 2023

    CVE-2022-42475 飞塔RCE漏洞 POC

    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoCAmir-hy/cve-2022-42475
    First seen Mar 16, 2023

    FortiOS buffer overflow vulnerability

    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoCscrt/cve-2022-42475
    First seen Feb 23, 2023

    POC code to exploit the Heap overflow in Fortinet's SSLVPN daemon

    Open source ↗

Related CVEs(same CWE)

Frequently asked(6)

What is CVE-2022-42475?
CVE-2022-42475 is a critical vulnerability published on January 2, 2023. A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability [CWE-122] in FortiOS SSL-VPN 7.2.0 through 7.2.2, 7.0.0 through 7.0.8, 6.4.0 through 6.4.10, 6.2.0 through 6.2.11, 6.0.15 and earlier and FortiProxy SSL-VPN 7.2.0 through 7.2.1, 7.0.7 and earlier may allow a remote unauthenticated attacker to execute…
When was CVE-2022-42475 disclosed?
CVE-2022-42475 was first published on January 2, 2023, with the most recent update on October 24, 2025. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2022-42475 actively exploited?
Yes. CISA added CVE-2022-42475 to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on December 13, 2022, affecting Fortinet FortiOS. KEV listing indicates confirmed exploitation in the wild; this CVE warrants immediate attention. No fix is confirmed yet. Restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation, and watch the vendor's advisory for the fix.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2022-42475?
CVE-2022-42475 has a CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 (NVD).
Which products are affected by CVE-2022-42475?
CVE-2022-42475 affects Fortinet FortiOS.
How do I remediate CVE-2022-42475?
No fix for CVE-2022-42475 is confirmed yet. Until one is published, restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation — for example, keep it off the internet or limit it to trusted networks — and watch the vendor's advisory for the fix.

Dependency Blast Radius

Explore the affected products and dependency analysis for CVE-2022-42475

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