CVE-2022-41091

CRITICALNVD 5.49.0
EchelonGraph scoreHIGH confidence

“▲” beside the score: it is higher than NVD's CVSS score.

Score elevated to 9.0 because this CVE is listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog (added 2022-11-08), indicating real-world exploitation has been confirmed by US federal agencies. NVD baseline CVSS 5.4 retained for reference. The 9.0 is the floor for confirmed exploitation, not an impact rating: this CVE's impact severity (EG Severity) is CVSS 5.4 MEDIUM under GitHub Security Advisory CVSS. Confidence: HIGH.

Triggered by: CISA KEV (actively exploited)
Sources: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog, EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3
Trending — 4 sources updated this weekExploited in the wild
9.0EG
EchelonGraph verdictPatch nowTreat as an emergency — this is being exploited.
  • Actively exploited in the wild (CISA-KEV) — the reason this is sooner than the SSVC decision on this page at every mission impact level
CISA-KEV: ExploitedEPSS PROB: 1.9%CVSS: 5.4Exploit: No code on recordExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

Windows Mark of the Web Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability

CVSS v3
5.4
EG Score
9.0CRITICALhigh confidence
EG Risk
64
EG Risk 64/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity54% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 5.4 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation100% × 40%
Fixed at 100% for a CISA KEV listing: EchelonGraph's rule.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation active (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
EPSS PROB
1.9%
EPSS %ILE
79th
KEV
⚠ Exploited

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (9.0): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.0 is the CISA KEV floor for confirmed exploitation, not an impact rating: its impact severity (EG Severity) is CVSS 5.4 MEDIUM.

EG Severity
5.4 MEDIUMCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
1.9% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-22). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
CISA KEV and EG-KEV Tier 1 (exploited in the wild)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 14 days if it is not.Each input and its source: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.

Exploitation active (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 14 days if it is not.

In CISA KEV yes (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

CISA required action“Apply updates per vendor instructions.”

Quoted verbatim from CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. CISA directs it at US federal civilian executive branch agencies under Binding Operational Directive (BOD) 26-04, which replaced BOD 22-01 on 10 June 2026; it is not EchelonGraph's advice. CISA's notes: https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2022-41091 · https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-41091

Published

November 9, 2022

Last Modified

August 10, 2026

Advisory Details (2)

Auto-updated Oct 20, 2026
⚠️ Actively exploited (CISA KEV, CISA Vulnrichment). Patch available. Sources: microsoft, cisa.
CISA🔴 Active Exploitation

Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog | CISA

Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog | CISA. Listed in CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog.

https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2022-41091
Microsoft

Security Update Guide - Microsoft Security Response Center

https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-41091

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2022-41091(1)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 27× in last 7d / 290× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 1,773 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 1,673 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-10-23 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.9% · 79th percentile
  2. 2026-10-23 16:16 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-ccv7-v4mw-3wqq · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  3. 2026-10-22 17:40 UTCEG score recompute
  4. 2026-10-22 17:39 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-ccv7-v4mw-3wqq · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  5. 2026-10-22 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.9% · 79th percentile
  6. 2026-10-21 19:04 UTCEG score recompute
  7. 2026-10-21 19:04 UTCVendor advisory
  8. 2026-10-21 19:04 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-ccv7-v4mw-3wqq · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  9. 2026-10-21 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.9% · 79th percentile
  10. 2026-10-20 20:27 UTCEG score recompute
  11. 2026-10-20 20:27 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-ccv7-v4mw-3wqq · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  12. 2026-10-20 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.9% · 79th percentile
  13. 2026-10-19 21:52 UTCEG score recompute
  14. 2026-10-19 21:52 UTCVendor advisory
  15. 2026-10-19 21:52 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-ccv7-v4mw-3wqq · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  16. 2026-10-19 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.9% · 79th percentile
  17. 2026-10-18 23:18 UTCEG score recompute
  18. 2026-10-18 23:18 UTCVendor advisory
  19. 2026-10-18 23:18 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-ccv7-v4mw-3wqq · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  20. 2026-10-18 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.9% · 79th percentile
  21. 2026-10-18 08:27 UTCEG score recompute
  22. 2026-10-18 00:42 UTCEG score recompute
  23. 2026-10-18 00:42 UTCVendor advisory
  24. 2026-10-18 00:42 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-ccv7-v4mw-3wqq · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  25. 2026-10-17 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.9% · 79th percentile
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-10-17 02:06 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-10-17 02:06 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-ccv7-v4mw-3wqq · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  3. 2026-10-16 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.9% · 79th percentile
  4. 2026-10-16 03:32 UTCEG score recompute
  5. 2026-10-16 03:32 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-ccv7-v4mw-3wqq · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  6. 2026-10-15 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.9% · 79th percentile
  7. 2026-10-15 04:58 UTCEG score recompute
  8. 2026-10-15 04:58 UTCVendor advisory
  9. 2026-10-15 04:58 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-ccv7-v4mw-3wqq · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  10. 2026-10-14 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.8% · 78th percentile
  11. 2026-10-14 06:22 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-10-14 06:21 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-ccv7-v4mw-3wqq · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  13. 2026-10-13 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.8% · 78th percentile
  14. 2026-10-13 07:45 UTCVendor advisory
  15. 2026-10-13 07:45 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-ccv7-v4mw-3wqq · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  16. 2026-10-12 18:47 UTCEG score recompute
  17. 2026-10-12 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.8% · 77th percentile
  18. 2026-10-12 09:09 UTCVendor advisory
  19. 2026-10-12 09:08 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-ccv7-v4mw-3wqq · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  20. 2026-10-12 04:54 UTCVendor advisory
  21. 2026-10-12 04:53 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-ccv7-v4mw-3wqq · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  22. 2026-10-12 00:38 UTCVendor advisory
  23. 2026-10-12 00:38 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-ccv7-v4mw-3wqq · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  24. 2026-10-11 20:26 UTCEG score recompute
  25. 2026-10-11 20:26 UTCVendor advisory
  26. 2026-10-11 20:26 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-ccv7-v4mw-3wqq · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  27. 2026-10-11 16:12 UTCEG score recompute
  28. 2026-10-11 16:12 UTCVendor advisory
  29. 2026-10-11 16:12 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-ccv7-v4mw-3wqq · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  30. 2026-10-11 13:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.8% · 77th percentile
  31. 2026-10-11 11:59 UTCEG score recompute
  32. 2026-10-11 11:59 UTCVendor advisory
  33. 2026-10-11 11:59 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-ccv7-v4mw-3wqq · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  34. 2026-10-11 07:46 UTCVendor advisory
  35. 2026-10-11 07:46 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-ccv7-v4mw-3wqq · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  36. 2026-10-11 03:33 UTCVendor advisory
  37. 2026-10-11 03:33 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-ccv7-v4mw-3wqq · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  38. 2026-10-10 23:19 UTCEG score recompute
  39. 2026-10-10 23:19 UTCVendor advisory
  40. 2026-10-10 23:18 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-ccv7-v4mw-3wqq · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  41. 2026-10-10 19:57 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.8% · 77th percentile
  42. 2026-10-10 19:04 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-ccv7-v4mw-3wqq · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  43. 2026-10-10 14:49 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-ccv7-v4mw-3wqq · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  44. 2026-10-10 10:35 UTCVendor advisory
  45. 2026-10-10 10:35 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-ccv7-v4mw-3wqq · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  46. 2026-10-10 06:21 UTCVendor advisory
  47. 2026-10-10 06:21 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-ccv7-v4mw-3wqq · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  48. 2026-10-10 02:08 UTCVendor advisory
  49. 2026-10-10 02:08 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-ccv7-v4mw-3wqq · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  50. 2026-10-09 21:54 UTCEG score recompute
  51. 2026-10-09 21:54 UTCVendor advisory
  52. 2026-10-09 21:54 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-ccv7-v4mw-3wqq · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  53. 2026-10-09 20:04 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.8% · 77th percentile
  54. 2026-10-09 17:41 UTCVendor advisory
  55. 2026-10-09 17:41 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-ccv7-v4mw-3wqq · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  56. 2026-10-09 13:29 UTCVendor advisory
  57. 2026-10-09 13:28 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-ccv7-v4mw-3wqq · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  58. 2026-10-09 09:16 UTCVendor advisory
  59. 2026-10-09 09:16 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-ccv7-v4mw-3wqq · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  60. 2026-10-09 05:03 UTCVendor advisory
  61. 2026-10-09 05:02 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-ccv7-v4mw-3wqq · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  62. 2026-10-09 00:49 UTCVendor advisory
  63. 2026-10-09 00:49 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-ccv7-v4mw-3wqq · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  64. 2026-10-08 20:36 UTCEG score recompute
  65. 2026-10-08 20:36 UTCVendor advisory
  66. 2026-10-08 20:36 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-ccv7-v4mw-3wqq · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  67. 2026-10-08 17:05 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.8% · 77th percentile
  68. 2026-10-08 16:23 UTCVendor advisory
  69. 2026-10-08 16:23 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-ccv7-v4mw-3wqq · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  70. 2026-10-08 12:06 UTCVendor advisory
  71. 2026-10-08 12:06 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-ccv7-v4mw-3wqq · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  72. 2026-10-08 07:53 UTCVendor advisory
  73. 2026-10-08 07:53 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-ccv7-v4mw-3wqq · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  74. 2026-10-08 03:39 UTCEG score recompute
  75. 2026-10-08 03:39 UTCVendor advisory

Frequently asked(6)

What is CVE-2022-41091?
CVE-2022-41091 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on November 9, 2022. Windows Mark of the Web Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability
When was CVE-2022-41091 made public?
CVE-2022-41091 was made public on November 8, 2022: that is the date its CVE record's CNA, Microsoft Corporation, gives for when the vulnerability was made public. The CVE record itself was published on November 9, 2022. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of August 10, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2022-41091 actively exploited?
Yes. CISA added CVE-2022-41091 to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on November 8, 2022, affecting Microsoft Windows. KEV listing indicates confirmed exploitation in the wild; this CVE warrants immediate attention. A fix is available. Apply it.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2022-41091?
CVE-2022-41091 has a CVSS v3 base score of 5.4 (NVD). EchelonGraph synthesises NVD + CISA KEV + FIRST EPSS + GHSA into a combined EG score of 9.0 (CRITICAL).
Which products are affected by CVE-2022-41091?
CVE-2022-41091 affects Microsoft Windows.
How do I remediate CVE-2022-41091?
A fix for CVE-2022-41091 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2022-41091 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

Dependency Blast Radius

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