CVE-2021-41138

MEDIUMNVD 5.35.3—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

Score 5.3 from GitHub Security Advisory published 2021-10-13. NVD baseline CVSS 5.3; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: epss, ghsa, nvd
5.3
EchelonGraph verdictMonitorLow exploitation likelihood right now — keep watching.
  • Lower severity and no public exploit yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS: 1%CVSS: 5.3Exploit: NoneExposed: 0

No vendor fix yet — apply a workaround or compensating control (WAF / firewall / segmentation) and watch for a patch.

Frontier is Substrate's Ethereum compatibility layer. In the newly introduced signed Frontier-specific extrinsic for pallet-ethereum, a large part of transaction validation logic was only called in transaction pool validation, but not in block execution. Malicious validators can take advantage of this to put invalid transactions into a block. The attack is limited in that the signature is always validated, and the majority of the validation is done again in the subsequent pallet-evm execution logic. However, do note that a chain ID replay attack was possible. In addition, spamming attacks are of main concerns, while they are limited by Substrate block size limits and other factors. The issue is patched in commit 146bb48849e5393004be5c88beefe76fdf009aba.

CVSS v3
5.3
EG Score
5.3(medium)
EPSS
68.2%
KEV
Not listed

Published

October 13, 2021

Last Modified

November 21, 2024

References (6)

Patch Availability(1)

Vendor / EcosystemFixed in / PatchReleasedSource
rustpallet-ethereum—ghsa

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(1 across 1 ecosystem)
crates.io(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
pallet-ethereum———

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 12× in last 7d / 48× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 103 total refreshes for this CVE.

  1. 2026-07-21 15:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-07-21 15:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-07-20 17:05 UTCEPSS rescore
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  8. 2026-07-18 09:59 UTCOSV refresh
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  1. 2026-07-06 02:21 UTCEPSS rescore
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  9. 2026-06-30 23:20 UTCEPSS rescore
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  11. 2026-06-30 10:00 UTCOSV refresh
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  27. 2026-06-19 19:24 UTCEPSS rescore
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  29. 2026-06-18 17:51 UTCEPSS rescore
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  41. 2026-06-12 23:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  42. 2026-06-12 19:10 UTCOSV refresh
  43. 2026-06-11 13:58 UTCEPSS rescore
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  45. 2026-06-10 22:16 UTCEPSS rescore
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  47. 2026-06-10 13:20 UTCEPSS rescore
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  50. 2026-06-07 15:23 UTCEPSS rescore
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  52. 2026-06-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
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  72. 2026-05-26 13:42 UTCEPSS rescore
  73. 2026-05-26 13:42 UTCEPSS rescore
  74. 2026-05-26 09:04 UTCEG score recompute
  75. 2026-05-26 09:04 UTCGHSA enrichment

Related CVEs(same product + same CWE)

Same product

2 shown

rust:pallet-ethereum

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2021-41138?
CVE-2021-41138 is a medium vulnerability published on October 13, 2021. Frontier is Substrate's Ethereum compatibility layer. In the newly introduced signed Frontier-specific extrinsic for pallet-ethereum, a large part of transaction validation logic was only called in transaction pool validation, but not in block execution. Malicious validators can take advantage of…
When was CVE-2021-41138 disclosed?
CVE-2021-41138 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on October 13, 2021, with the most recent update on November 21, 2024. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2021-41138 actively exploited?
CVE-2021-41138 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 68.2% percentile likelihood of exploitation in the next 30 days — higher percentiles indicate greater predicted risk.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2021-41138?
CVE-2021-41138 has a CVSS v3 base score of 5.3 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2021-41138?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2021-41138, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

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