CVE-2021-39179

HIGHNVD 8.88.8
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

This high-severity CVE scores 8.8 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 1.9% (79th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs). No GitHub Security Advisory CVSS is on record for this CVE.

Triggered by: Headline CVSS from NVD CVSS v3
Sources: EPSS, NVD CVSS v3
Trending — 3 sources updated this week
8.8EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 1.9%CVSS: 8.8Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

The CVE record names the fixed release — apply it.

DHIS 2 is an information system for data capture, management, validation, analytics and visualization. A SQL Injection vulnerability in the Tracker component in DHIS2 Server allows authenticated remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via unspecified vectors. This vulnerability affects the /api/trackedEntityInstances and /api/trackedEntityInstances/query API endpoints in all DHIS2 versions 2.34, 2.35, and 2.36. It also affects versions 2.32 and 2.33 which have reached _end of support_ - exceptional security updates have been added to the latest *end of support* builds for these versions. Versions 2.31 and older are unaffected. The system is vulnerable to attack only from users that are logged in to DHIS2, and there is no known way of exploiting the vulnerability without first being logged in as a DHIS2 user. The vulnerability is not exposed to a non-malicious user - the vulnerability requires a conscious attack to be exploited. A successful exploit of this vulnerability could allow the malicious user to read, edit and delete data in the DHIS2 instance. There are no known exploits of the security vulnerabilities addressed by these patch releases. Security patches are available in DHIS2 versions 2.32-EOS, 2.33-EOS, 2.34.7, 2.35.7, and 2.36.4. There is no straightforward known workaround for DHIS2 instances using the Tracker functionality other than upgrading the affected DHIS2 server to one of the patches in which this vulnerability has been fixed. For implementations which do NOT use Tracker functionality, it may be possible to block all network access to POST to the /api/trackedEntityInstances, and /api/trackedEntityInstances/query endpoints as a temporary workaround while waiting to upgrade.

CVSS v3
8.8
EG Score
8.8HIGHmedium confidence
EG Risk
40
EG Risk 40/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity88% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 8.8 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation1.9% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's BOD 26-04 default: no one has published Automatable for this CVE, and CISA treats it as “no” for a CVE not in KEV.
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation none (no CISA value, KEV listing or exploit code on record) · Automatable no (CISA's BOD 26-04 default) · Technical impact total (CISA's BOD 26-04 default). EchelonGraph holds no SSVC assessment of this CVE from CISA: none of these inputs is from Vulnrichment. EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: The CVE record names the fixed release. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
EPSS PROB
1.9%
EPSS %ILE
79th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (8.8): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 8.8 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
8.8 HIGHCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.NVD CVSS v3 · CVSS v3.0 or v3.1
EG Likelihood
1.9% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-20). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).

The CVE record names the fixed release. Apply it within your standard update timelines.

Exploitation none (no CISA value, KEV listing or exploit code on record) · Automatable no (CISA's BOD 26-04 default) · Technical impact total (CISA's BOD 26-04 default). EchelonGraph holds no SSVC assessment of this CVE from CISA: none of these inputs is from Vulnrichment. EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA's BOD 26-04 default) · Technical impact total (CISA's BOD 26-04 default). Where an input reads “CISA's BOD 26-04 default”, no one has published it for this CVE, and CISA's implementation guidance says: “If “Automatable” and “Technical Impact” information items about a CVE ID are not available and the CVE ID is not in the KEV Catalog, CISA will treat its values as “no” and “total,” respectively, until CISA or a third party provides metadata about the CVE ID. CISA will always provide the Vulnrichment data for a CVE ID listed in the KEV Catalog.” Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

October 29, 2021

Last Modified

November 21, 2024

Advisory Details (3)

Auto-updated Aug 25, 2026
Fix named in the CVE record. Sources: github_commit, github_pr, github.
GitHub advisoryMentions a patch (unverified)

SQL Injection in DHIS2 Tracker API (assignedUsers and escapeSql) · Advisory · dhis2/dhis2-core · GitHub

https://github.com/dhis2/dhis2-core/security/advisories/GHSA-cmpc-frjv-rrmw
GitHub pull request

build: correct patch PRs

Fix merged in dhis2/dhis2-core PR #8771 on 2021-09-20 — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/dhis2/dhis2-core/pull/8771
GitHub commit

commit 16674ac75127 (dhis2/dhis2-core)

Fix landed in dhis2/dhis2-core commit 16674ac75127 — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/dhis2/dhis2-core/commit/16674ac75127b0e83691c6b1c9ce745e67ab58b6

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 10× in last 7d / 36× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 93 of 200 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 7 repeat rows among the latest 100 are merged into the row they repeat. The 107 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-10-23 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.9% · 79th percentile
  2. 2026-10-22 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.9% · 79th percentile
  3. 2026-10-21 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.9% · 79th percentile
  4. 2026-10-21 09:09 UTCEG score recompute
  5. 2026-10-20 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.9% · 79th percentile
  6. 2026-10-19 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.9% · 79th percentile
  7. 2026-10-18 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.9% · 79th percentile
  8. 2026-10-18 08:55 UTCEG score recompute
  9. 2026-10-17 17:55 UTCOSV refresh
  10. 2026-10-17 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.9% · 79th percentile
  11. 2026-10-16 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.9% · 79th percentile
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  15. 2026-10-12 19:11 UTCEG score recompute
  16. 2026-10-12 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.9% · 79th percentile
  17. 2026-10-11 23:37 UTCEG score recompute
  18. 2026-10-11 13:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.9% · 79th percentile
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  1. 2026-10-03 14:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.9% · 79th percentile
  2. 2026-10-01 19:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.9% · 79th percentile
  3. 2026-09-30 15:40 UTCEG score recompute
  4. 2026-09-30 15:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.9% · 79th percentile
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  6. 2026-09-28 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.9% · 79th percentile
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  8. 2026-09-26 15:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.9% · 79th percentile
  9. 2026-09-26 00:21 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.9% · 79th percentile
  10. 2026-09-25 13:45 UTCOSV refresh
  11. 2026-09-24 14:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.9% · 79th percentile
  12. 2026-09-23 13:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.9% · 79th percentile
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  14. 2026-09-21 20:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.9% · 78th percentile
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  24. 2026-09-11 09:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.9% · 78th percentile
  25. 2026-09-08 21:56 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.9% · 78th percentile
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  27. 2026-09-06 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.9% · 78th percentile
  28. 2026-09-06 04:52 UTCOSV refresh
  29. 2026-09-05 15:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.9% · 78th percentile
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  46. 2026-08-19 15:59 UTCOSV refresh
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  61. 2026-08-04 11:27 UTCOSV refresh
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Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2021-39179?
CVE-2021-39179 is a high-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on October 29, 2021. DHIS 2 is an information system for data capture, management, validation, analytics and visualization. A SQL Injection vulnerability in the Tracker component in DHIS2 Server allows authenticated remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via unspecified vectors. This vulnerability affects…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2021-39179 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2021-39179 was published on October 29, 2021. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of November 21, 2024; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2021-39179 actively exploited?
CVE-2021-39179 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 1.9% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (79th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2021-39179?
CVE-2021-39179 has a CVSS v3 base score of 8.8 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2021-39179?
The CVE record for CVE-2021-39179 names the fix: "Security patches are available in DHIS2 versions 2.32-EOS, 2.33-EOS, 2.34.7, 2.35.7, and 2.36.4."

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