CVE-2019-8660

CRITICALNVD 9.89.8—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

This critical-severity CVE scores 9.8 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 14% (96th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs). GitHub Security Advisory data not yet ingested — confidence will rise once GHSA publishes (typical lag: hours to days for open-source ecosystem CVEs; never for infrastructure-only CVEs).

Triggered by: NVD CVSS baseline
Sources: epss, nvd
Weaponized
9.8EG
EchelonGraph verdictMitigate this weekExploitation is likely or a public exploit exists.
  • Public exploit code is available (Exploit-DB (verified), epss top5pct, public exploit)
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 14%CVSS: 9.8Exploit: Exploit-DB (verified) · epss top5pct · public exploitExposed services: Not assessed

No fix is confirmed yet — apply a workaround or compensating control (WAF / firewall / segmentation) and watch for the fix.

A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in iOS 12.4, macOS Mojave 10.14.6, tvOS 12.4, watchOS 5.3. A remote attacker may be able to cause unexpected application termination or arbitrary code execution.

CVSS v3
9.8
EG Score
9.8CRITICALmedium confidence
EG Risk
75
EG Risk 75/100CISA SSVC

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity98% × 45%
Exploitation65% × 40%
Automatability30% × 15%
CISA SSVC: Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.
Action: No fix is confirmed yet. Restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high, and watch the vendor's advisory for the fix.
EPSS PROB
14%
EPSS %ILE
96th
KEV
Not listed

CISA SSVCTrack at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.

No fix is confirmed yet. Restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high, and watch the vendor's advisory for the fix.

Exploitation public PoC (EG-KEV: weaponized) · Automatable unknown (not published for this CVE) · Technical impact total (CVSS ≥ 9.0). Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it: high means the affected system is essential to your organisation's mission, or its compromise could cause irreversible harm to people. CISA's decision table

Published

December 18, 2019

Last Modified

November 21, 2024

Advisory Details (4)

Auto-updated Oct 4, 2026
No patch confirmed yet.
generic

About the security content of watchOS 5.3 - Apple Support

https://support.apple.com/HT210353
generic

About the security content of tvOS 12.4 - Apple Support

https://support.apple.com/HT210351
generic

About the security content of macOS Mojave 10.14.6, Security Update 2019-004 High Sierra, Security Update 2019-004 Sierra - Apple Support

https://support.apple.com/HT210348
generic

About the security content of iOS 12.4 - Apple Support

https://support.apple.com/HT210346

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 3× in last 7d / 21× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 130 total refreshes for this CVE.

  1. 2026-10-03 14:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-09-30 14:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-09-30 10:29 UTCEG score recompute
  4. 2026-09-27 13:40 UTCEPSS rescore
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  1. 2026-08-27 14:21 UTCEPSS rescore
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  22. 2026-07-24 14:14 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-07-23 14:15 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-07-23 01:47 UTCEG score recompute
  25. 2026-07-22 22:30 UTCEG score recompute
  26. 2026-07-22 14:05 UTCEPSS rescore
  27. 2026-07-21 15:22 UTCEPSS rescore
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  43. 2026-07-09 19:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  44. 2026-07-08 15:11 UTCEPSS rescore
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  50. 2026-07-01 15:03 UTCEPSS rescore
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  64. 2026-06-21 01:57 UTCEPSS rescore
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  73. 2026-06-13 22:58 UTCEPSS rescore
  74. 2026-06-12 23:09 UTCEPSS rescore
  75. 2026-06-12 23:09 UTCEPSS rescore

Publicly available exploits

(1 reference)

Working exploit code is in the public domain (1 Exploit-DB entry). Defenders should treat patch urgency accordingly — public PoCs typically lead to mass-exploitation within 24-72 hours.

  • Exploit-DBEDB-47193✓ verified
    First seen Jul 30, 2019

    iMessage - Memory Corruption when Decoding NSKnownKeysDictionary1

    Open source ↗

Related CVEs(same CWE)

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2019-8660?
CVE-2019-8660 is a critical vulnerability published on December 18, 2019. A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in iOS 12.4, macOS Mojave 10.14.6, tvOS 12.4, watchOS 5.3. A remote attacker may be able to cause unexpected application termination or arbitrary code execution.
When was CVE-2019-8660 disclosed?
CVE-2019-8660 was first published on December 18, 2019, with the most recent update on November 21, 2024. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2019-8660 actively exploited?
CVE-2019-8660 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. EchelonGraph's EG-KEV model classifies it as weaponized: a functional public exploit exists. FIRST EPSS estimates a 14% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (96th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2019-8660?
CVE-2019-8660 has a CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2019-8660?
No fix for CVE-2019-8660 is confirmed yet. Until one is published, restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation — for example, keep it off the internet or limit it to trusted networks — and watch the vendor's advisory for the fix.

Dependency Blast Radius

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